RU2780237C1 - Method for water supply - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in pumping water from the source by means of a pumping unit, shutoff valves, coupled suction and pressure lines to a set distance. The output section of the pressure line is placed below the water surface level in the source. Sliding gates are used as shutoff valves, wherein one of said gates is installed at the output section of the pressure line, and the second one is installed at the point of the upper level of the coupled suction and pressure lines. Previously, prior to the start of water pumping, the first sliding gate is closed while the second gate is open, wherein the cavity of the upper level of the coupled suction and pressure lines communicates with the environment. Water head is created in the pressure line in the process of pumping water. After the water is discharged from the cavity of the upper level of the coupled suction and pressure lines into the environment through the second sliding gate, the first sliding gate is opened, and the second sliding gate is closed, and the pumping unit is deactivated.

EFFECT: high power efficiency is ensured due to the creation of water head in the pressure pipeline and due to the use of the natural terrain geometry.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for supplying water, and can be used for pumping liquid using natural terrain.

There is a known method for pumping liquid through a pipeline, including displacement by a separator under the action of compressed gas supplied from a compressor station installed at the initial point of the pipeline, a batch of liquid through a valve at the final point of the pipeline and turning off the compressor station (RU 2520802, 2014). In the well-known technical solution, the valve at the end point of the pipeline is opened at the moment the compressor station is started, which is fixed, the length of the pipeline section, the inner diameter of the pipeline, the discharge pressure of the compressor station sufficient to displace the volume of the liquid batch, the nominal gas supply at the discharge pressure, elevation marks the profile of the route of the pipeline section, the maximum allowable velocity of liquid displacement from the pipeline, and the length of time sufficient to determine the velocity of the separator. To this end, after each specified period of time, the distance traveled by the separator is measured and the speed of its movement on this section of the pipeline is calculated, the obtained value of the separator speed is compared with the specified maximum allowable value of the rate of liquid displacement from the pipeline, if the separator speed is below the specified maximum allowable - increase up to the nominal value, the gas supply by the compressor station, which is turned off at the moment the speed of the separator exceeds the specified maximum allowable rate of liquid displacement from the pipeline, and further liquid displacement through the valve at the end point of the pipeline, is carried out by compressed gas energy.

There is a known method for pumping liquid through a pipeline, including the displacement of a compressed gas batch of liquid enclosed between the head and tail separators through a valve installed at the end point of the pipeline, and throttling the fluid flow with a valve (SU 1428067, 1999). In a known technical solution, the valve is closed from the moment the head separator passes through it until the tail separator passes through the first control point, after which the compressed gas supply is cut off. If after that the pressure drop across the valve is greater than the predetermined value, then the valve is opened until the tail separator passes through the second control point, after which the valve is closed until the tail separator passes through it.

A common significant drawback of the known technical solutions is the complexity of their implementation, as well as energy inefficiency due to the need to use compressed gas to displace liquid.

A known method of pumping water, using a collapsible field main pipeline, which consists in pumping it from the source through a pumping unit, valves, suction and pressure lines (RU 2014110815, 2015). In the well-known technical solution, the set of main pipeline equipment additionally includes a device for increasing pressure, a pressure pipeline, a distributor, a drive valve controlled by a registrar. The disadvantage of the known technical solution is the need to use additional tools to ensure the pumping process.

The closest in technical essence and purpose to the proposed invention is a method of pumping water using a collapsible main pipeline and a mobile pumping unit, which consists in pumping water from a source through a pumping unit, valves, associated suction and pressure lines at a given distance (RU 2016123453 , 2017). A significant disadvantage of the known technical solution is the low energy efficiency due to the need for constant operation of the pumping unit.

The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is to expand the arsenal of technical means, namely, to develop a method for pumping water that provides high energy efficiency.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the present invention is the implementation of its purpose, i.e. in creating a method for pumping water, providing high energy efficiency by creating a pressure of water in the pressure pipeline and using the natural terrain.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that with the method of supplying water, which consists in pumping it from the source by means of a pumping unit, valves, coupled suction and pressure lines at a given distance, in accordance with the proposed method, the outlet section of the pressure line is placed below the surface of the water in the source, valves are used as shutoff valves, one of which is installed at the outlet section of the pressure line, and the second is installed at the upper level point of the associated suction and pressure lines, before the start of pumping water, the first valve is closed with the second valve open, while the cavity of the upper level of the coupled suction and pressure lines communicates with the environment, in the process of pumping water, a water pressure is created in the pressure line, after the water exits the upper level cavity of the coupled suction and pressure lines into the environment through the second valve, the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed, and the pumping unit is turned off.

The significance of the distinguishing features of the proposed technical solution is confirmed by the fact that only the totality of all features describing the invention provide a solution to the technical problem posed with the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The present invention is explained in detail with reference to the illustration, which shows a diagram of a device for implementing a water supply method.

The figure has the following designations:

1 - water source;

2 - pumping unit;

3 - suction line;

4 - pressure line;

5 - overpass to support the pumping and suction lines;

6 - pressure line valve;

7 - suction line valve;

8 - receiving container;

9 - water level in the water source 1;

10 - docking flange of the suction and pressure lines 3 and 4;

11 - water level in the receiving tank 8.

The water supply method is implemented using a supply system that includes a pumping unit 2 located in the water source 1, located at the inlet section of the suction line 3. The latter is connected to the pressure line 4 using a trestle 5 designed to support lines 3 and 4. The system also includes a shut-off fittings, which are used as valves 6 and 7. Accordingly, the valve 6 is located at the outlet section of the pressure line 4, and the valve 7 is located at the upper junction of the conjugated suction and pressure lines 3 and 4, respectively, at the docking flange 10. In this case, the outlet section of the pressure line 4 is placed in the receiving tank 8 below the level 9 of the water surface in the source 1.

The method is carried out as follows.

At the beginning of the process, water is taken by pumping unit 2 from source 1, which is a storage or natural reservoir. In this case, the outlet section of the pressure line 4 is placed in the receiving tank 8 below the level 9 of the water surface in the source 1. If necessary, from the receiving tank 8 it is possible to carry out the process of supplying water to a series of consecutive receiving tanks, stepping back a certain distance from each previous tank 8, forming thus a series of cascades. Ensuring the possibility of gravity flow of water along the pressure line 4 requires the creation of a pressure of water in the pressure line 4, as well as an inclination from the upper point corresponding to the junction of the coupled suction and pressure lines 3 and 4. To do this, the outlet section of the suction line 3 and the inlet section of the pressure line 4 rise to the required design height, this forms an elbow (joint), fixed with the help of a flyover 5 and a docking flange 10, from which the pressure line 4 begins to slope down. Before the start of the water supply, the valve 6 is closed respectively and the valve 7 is opened, thereby communicating the suction and pressure lines 3 and 4 with the environment, after which the pumping unit 2 is started. and pressure lines 3 and 4, and the overflow of water from the suction line 3 to the pressure line 4. In the process of filling the pressure line 4 with water, air is forced out of it through the open valve 7 into the environment. After the pressure line 4 is completely filled with water, it is displaced through the valve 7 into the environment and as a result, a pressure of water is created in the pressure line 4. After the start of the displacement of water through the valve 7 into the environment, the valve 6 is opened and the valve 7 is closed, and the pumping unit 2 is turned off Placing the outlet section of the pressure line 4 in the receiving tank 8 below the level 9 of the water surface in the source 1 makes it possible to fill the receiving tank 8 to the level 11 of water and the implementation of the first cascade due to the water pressure created in the pressure line 4 and the use of the natural terrain. Thus, water supply from source 1 is carried out by gravity without the use of external energy consumption with sufficient productivity. In this case, the water supply rate is determined by the position of the outlet section of the pressure line 4 below the level 9 of the water surface in the source 1 by the value "h", the presence and magnitude of the slope of the pressure line 4 and the coefficient of sliding friction between the water and the material of the suction and pressure lines 3 and 4. In the case of water supply from source 1 to receiving tanks forming a series of cascades, the tanks are filled in the same way, and in the presence of descending sections of the relief, the length of the pressure line 4 increases, i.e. increases the distance to which water can be supplied. Water supply from filled receiving tanks to consumers is carried out according to the regular water supply scheme. For pipelines, full calculated filling should be taken.

Example

As an example, we will calculate the implementation of the proposed method of water supply when installing a floating pumping station on the water surface at the deepest point of the Kadykovsky quarry (Crimea). With a slope of 5%, which corresponds to an angle of inclination of 3 °, the feed range from a depth of 105 meters will be 2006 meters.

Suction and pressure (for water drainage) lines are joined at the top point using a docking flange. Diameter of lines (pipelines): D=0.5 m cross-sectional area: s=0.19625 m ² .

1. Determine the gravity of the water in the suction line, located vertically.

Suction line volume: U=105 m * 0.19625 m ² = 20.60625 m ³ .

The mass of water in the suction line: m \u003d 20.60625 m ³ * 1000 kg / m ³ \u003d 20 606.25 kg.

Gravity: F \u003d 20 606.25 kg * 9.8 m ² / s \u003d 201 941.25 N. (20 598.0075 kgf).

2. Determine the vertical component of gravity in the pressure line. The volume of the pressure line: U \u003d 2006 m * 0.19625 m ² \u003d 393.6775 m ³ .

The mass of water in the pressure line: m \u003d 393.6775 m ³ * 1000 kg / m ³ \u003d 393 677.5 kg.

Gravity: F = 393 677.5 kg * 9.8 m / s2 = 3 858 039.5 N. (393 520.029 kgf).

The vertical component of gravity in the pressure line:

Fy \u003d F * Cos 87 ° \u003d 201 914, 2 N. (20 595.3 kgf).

Comparison of the gravity of the suction and discharge lines:

- suction line gravity:

F=201 941.25 N. (20 598.0075 kgf).

- gravity of the vertical component of the pressure line to the water level:

Fy \u003d 201 914. 2 N. (20 595.3 kgf).

The gravity of the water in the pressure line is less than in the suction line.

3. We extend the pressure line by 1.5 m with its direction downwards to increase the mass of the liquid and ensure that the magnitude of the gravity force is exceeded towards the pressure line. As a result, the outlet section of the pressure line will be set at h=1.0 m below the surface water level of the source, which will add 1923.25 N. (196.17 kgf) to the weight of the pressure line. The length of the pressure line will increase to 2007.5 m and thus:

pressure line weight will be established: 201,914.2 N. (20,595.3 kgf). + 1923.25 N. (196.17 kgf) = 203,837.45 N (20,791.47 kgf), which exceeds the weight of the suction line .

In the suction - 201,941.25 N. (20,598.0075 kgf).

Consequently, a pressure is created in the pressure line, which ensures the gravity flow of the mass of water in the suction and pressure lines.

In this case: the velocity of the expiration at a height difference of 01 m: V=√2gh.

where h is the height difference between the liquid levels in the source and the receiving tank.

V=√2*9.8*1.0=4.427 m/s with free flow.

Reidnolds number for laminar flow: Re≤2000.

Hydraulic resistance coefficient: λ=0.032.

Thus, taking into account the hydraulic resistance, the outflow velocity will be:

V=4.427 m/s * 0.032=0.141 m/s.

Productivity for 1 sec: 0.19625 m ² * 0.141 m / s \u003d 0.02767125 m ³ / s.

Productivity for 1 hour: 0.184632 m ³ / s * 3600 s \u003d 99.6165 m ³ / hour.

Productivity for 1 day: 2 390.796 m ³ / day.

When using the method on a naturally lowering terrain, providing a greater difference in the heights of the liquid levels, the productivity increases, for example, with a difference in the heights of the levels of 6 meters, the productivity of the pipeline will be 5,884 m ³ /day, etc.

Thus, the placement of the outlet section of the pressure line below the water surface level in the source, the use of valves as shutoff valves, one of which is installed at the outlet section of the pressure line, and the second is installed at the point of the upper level of the associated suction and pressure lines, preliminary closure before the start of pumping water of the first valve with the second valve open in such a way that the upper level cavity of the associated suction and pressure lines communicates with the environment, subsequent opening of the first valve and closing of the second valve after water exits from the upper level cavity of the associated suction and pressure lines into the environment through the second valve, and shutdown of the pumping unit provides high energy efficiency by creating water pressure in the pressure pipeline and using the natural terrain.

Claims (1)

A method of water supply, which consists in pumping it from a source by means of a pumping unit, shut-off valves, coupled suction and pressure lines to a predetermined distance, characterized in that the outlet section of the pressure line is placed below the water surface level in the source, valves are used as shut-off valves, one of which are installed at the outlet section of the pressure line, and the second is installed at the upper level point of the associated suction and pressure lines, before the start of pumping water, the first valve is closed with the second valve open, while the upper level cavity of the associated suction and pressure lines communicates with the environment, in the process of pumping water, a water pressure is created in the pressure line, after the water exits the upper level cavity of the associated suction and pressure lines into the environment through the second valve, the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed, and the pumping unit is turned off.

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