RU2777782C1 - Household electrolyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrochemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to applied electrochemistry and can be used to obtain active solutions of catholyte and anolyte from water and water-containing liquids by electrolysis. The household electrolyzer contains an electrolysis tank with a removable lid, activating electrodes separated by a diaphragm and connected to a power supply unit, and a removable activating module made with the possibility of installation in an electrolysis tank and including a horizontal plate made of dielectric material to which a diaphragm with a diaphragm shutter and activating electrodes with plug contacts (a power plug) are attached. The diaphragm consists of a vertical perforated dielectric partition dividing the electrolysis tank into two parts, and the diaphragm shutter is made in the form of a perforated vertical plate mounted on the diaphragm with the possibility of tight fit and movement in the vertical direction. The perforation in the diaphragm and the diaphragm shutter is made with the possibility of forming jointly perforated holes in the position of the shutter lowered down and overlapping the perforated holes in the diaphragm in the raised position of the shutter. The power supply unit is located inside the lid and is based on an AC bridge rectifier with a current limiter in the form of a lamp with an incandescent lamp located on the top of the lid.

EFFECT: increase in electrical safety and ease of operation is ensured due to the absence of the need to use consumables: diaphragm-membrane and reagents for washing it from hardness salts.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to applied electrochemistry and can be used as a household electrolyzer for obtaining catholyte and anolyte active solutions from water and water-containing liquids by electrolysis in order to improve normalizing processes in various biological objects, as well as to obtain antiseptics, including antimicrobial, antiviral agents .

Known devices for electroactivation of water, including: a waterproof case-vessel for water, separated by a semi-permeable diaphragm-membrane, on both sides of which there are activating electrodes made of stainless steel connected to a direct current source. When an electric current is passed, diffusion through the membrane of positively charged ions occurs in water - to the cathode, and negatively charged - to the anode. Components that allow you to collect activated water fractions can be combined with a membrane. This is a glass with a diaphragm, like the apparatus for obtaining activated water "Melesta" (http://melesta.net/), or a household electrolyzer - activator RTV-a (IVA-1 https://www.inkomk.ru/).

Closest to the claimed device is a diaphragm electrolytic cell for producing catholyte and anolyte from water, containing a waterproof housing-vessel made of an inert dielectric material, cathode and anode electrodes made of stainless steel, placed inside the housing-vessel in two glass cups, the walls of which are extended with shells made of washed paper, acting as porous diaphragms, and a source of unipolar current, the negative and positive terminals of which are connected through a plug-socket, respectively, to the cathode and anode electrodes. The electrolyser is powered by an alternating current network through a series-connected semiconductor rectifier diode and an incandescent lamp 220 V, 40 W, which limits the electric current. Glass cups are located on a pallet lowered into the body-vessel with a bracket that provides lowering - raising the glasses. (V. Khakhalkin. Activator for seedlings // Model designer, 1987, No. 3, p. 26-27 - prototype).

The disadvantage of these cells, including the prototype, is the lack of protection against electric shock, as well as the use of consumables. These are membranes - diaphragms, their pores during electrolysis are clogged with hardness salts falling out of the catholyte, which have to be cleaned with acid solutions, and periodically replaced with new ones.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the proposed household electrolyzer for obtaining catholyte and anolyte from water.

A household electrolyzer for producing catholyte and anolyte from water contains an electrolysis tank with a removable lid and activating electrodes separated by a diaphragm and connected to a power supply unit, while it contains a removable activating module that can be installed in the electrolysis tank and includes a horizontal plate of dielectric material, to which a diaphragm with a diaphragm shutter and activating electrodes with plug contacts - a power plug are attached, the diaphragm consists of a vertical perforated dielectric partition separating the electrolysis tank into two parts, and the diaphragm shutter is made in the form of a perforated vertical plate mounted on the diaphragm with the possibility tight fit and movement in the vertical direction, and the perforation in the diaphragm and the diaphragm shutter is made with the possibility of forming jointly perforated holes in the position of the shutter lowered down and overlapping i perforated holes in the diaphragm in the raised position of the shutter, while the power supply is located inside the removable cover and is made on the basis of an AC bridge rectifier with a current limiter in the form of a lamp with an incandescent lamp located on the top of the cover, and the rectifier and the incandescent lamp are connected to the contacts electrical outlet, for which there are holes on the inner partition of the removable cover for connecting the said power plug when the cover is closed. A horizontal plate made of a dielectric material forms two slots with the container walls, designed for parallel draining of the prepared catholyte and anolyte.

The device is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2. Positions are indicated:

1 - rectangular outer case;

2 - diaphragm;

3 - horizontal plate;

4 - diaphragm shutter;

5 - joint perforation of the diaphragm and shutter;

6 - shutter guide;

7 - activating electrode;

8 - plug contact - power plugs;

9 - support protrusions from inside the body;

10 - AC bridge rectifier;

11 - a lamp with an incandescent lamp;

12 - container cover;

13 - power switch;

14 - indicator light for turning on the power supply.

The proposed household electrolyzer is arranged as follows. In the outer case (pos. 1), a removable activating module is installed (Fig. 2). It consists of a vertical perforated partition - a diaphragm made of a waterproof dielectric material (pos. 2), dividing the electrolysis tank into two parts. The diaphragm is attached to a horizontal plate of a similar material installed in the upper part of the container (pos. 3). To drain the prepared catholyte and anolyte, the horizontal plate forms two slots with the body. The role of the diaphragm shutter is performed by a movable vertical plate made of a similar material (pos. 4), installed close to the diaphragm, from the anode side. On the shutter, in its upper part, in the middle there is a rectangular protrusion passing through a rectangular hole in the horizontal plate, necessary to move the shutter in the vertical direction to the closed or open state. The diaphragm and the shutter are jointly perforated (pos. 5) in several places in the position of the shutter lowered down along the guides (pos. 6). The total area of the perforations in this case is not less than the active area of the electrode to ensure the minimum current resistance during electrolysis. In the lower part of the shutter on the vertical ends there are two longitudinal cutouts, symmetrical about the vertical axis, allowing the shutter to move along the guides in the vertical direction within the cutouts. L-shaped shutter guides are fixed on the diaphragm with the possibility of rotation along their mounting axis and allow the shutter to fit snugly against the diaphragm. Free rotation of the guides along the mounting axis allows you to remove and install the shutter on the diaphragm. On the horizontal plate, in addition to the diaphragm, activating electrodes (pos. 7) are attached with plug contacts - a power plug (pos. 8), one of which - the anode is made of a metal more resistant to dissociation, such as titanium, and the second - the cathode - from ordinary food of stainless steel. The removable activating module is firmly inserted into the housing, resting with a horizontal plate on the protrusions on both sides of the container from the inside of the housing (pos. 9), which limit the insertion depth of the removable activating module into the housing. On the outer side of the container, from the side of the electrode compartments, the following inscriptions are applied: “catholyte” and “anolyte”. The power supply unit is assembled on the basis of an AC bridge rectifier (pos. 10), which includes a lamp with an incandescent lamp - a current limiter in the electrode power circuit - (pos. 11), which provides sufficient heat removal. The power supply is located inside, and the lamp is on the top of the tank cover (pos. 12). The power of the current limiter lamp does not differ from the prototype, it is selected in proportion to the area of the applied electrodes. The inner baffle of the removable lid (item 12) has socket holes for plugging in the power plug when the lid is closed. The contact lamellas of the socket inside the formed power supply compartment are connected to a bridge electric current rectifier located in this compartment and a lamp with an incandescent lamp. The device can optionally be equipped with a standard power switch (pos. 13), a light indicator (pos. 14) for turning on the device in the mains, as well as an indicator of the activation current by means of a small-sized microammeter with a limiting resistor connected in parallel with an incandescent lamp (not shown in Fig. 1).

The device works as follows. When using the electrolyzer (Fig. 1), the lid (pos. 12) and the removable activating module (Fig. 2) are removed from the container (pos. 1). Water is poured into the container to a level below the limiting protrusions, the removable module is inserted into the container until it stops restrictive protrusions with the anode electrode towards the inscription on the container "anolyte". The lid is closed, the partition of the lid (pos. 12) at the same time presses on the protrusion of the shutter (pos. 4), which, moving down to the level of the horizontal plate, opens the jointly perforated holes (pos. 5) in the diaphragm (pos. 2), necessary for electrolysis . Plug contacts - power plugs (pos. 8) come into contact with the lamellas of the electrical socket through the holes in the partition of the cover. The electrolyzer is connected to the AC mains by means of an electrical cord (not indicated in Fig. 1). The power supply through the rectifier (pos. 10), the lamp with an incandescent lamp (pos. 11), the electrical socket and the pin electrodes of the power plug is supplied to the activating electrodes (pos. 7). The electrolysis process begins, signaled by the incomplete glow of the lamp of the decorative lamp. At the end of the process, which is from ten to several tens of minutes, the cover is removed, safely breaking the power supply circuit of the activating electrodes with an electrical outlet. The incandescent lamp goes out. The shutter (pos. 4) is lifted behind the rectangular ledge, blocking the holes (pos. 5) in the vertical partition. The container (pos. 1) is manually lifted and the prepared catholyte with anolyte is poured from the compartments in parallel streams into the containers placed nearby for finished products through two slots. The electrolyser is disconnected from the mains. To care for the electrolyzer, the removable activating module (Fig. 2) is removed from the housing and washed in water to remove sediment on the cathode and the adjacent wall of the vertical partition. The gate and anode shown in the foreground of FIG. 2 does not need flushing. In this compartment, during electrolysis, salts are dissolved that can precipitate. Requires washing of the cathode, the wall and the bottom of the container in its compartment.

The industrial applicability and benefits of a household electrolyzer consist in increasing electrical safety, ease of use due to the lack of consumables - a diaphragm - a membrane and reagents for washing it from hardness salts.

Claims (2)

1. A household electrolyzer for producing catholyte and anolyte from water, containing an electrolysis tank with a removable lid and activating electrodes separated by a diaphragm and connected to a power supply unit, characterized in that it contains a removable activating module that can be installed in the electrolysis tank and including a horizontal plate of a dielectric material, to which a diaphragm with a diaphragm shutter and activating electrodes with plug contacts - a power plug are attached, the diaphragm consists of a vertical perforated dielectric partition separating the electrolysis tank into two parts, and the diaphragm shutter is made in the form of a perforated vertical plate, installed on the diaphragm with the possibility of a snug fit and movement in the vertical direction, moreover, the perforation in the diaphragm and the diaphragm shutter is made with the possibility of forming jointly perforated holes in the position lowered down shutter and overlapping perforated holes in the diaphragm in the raised position of the shutter, while the power supply unit is located inside the removable cover and is made on the basis of an AC bridge rectifier with a current limiter in the form of a lamp with an incandescent lamp located on the top of the cover, and the rectifier and incandescent lamp are connected to the contacts of an electrical outlet, for which there are holes on the inner partition of the removable cover for connecting the said power plug when the cover is closed. 2. A household cell according to claim 1, characterized in that a horizontal plate of dielectric material forms two slots with the walls of the container, designed for parallel draining of the prepared catholyte and anolyte.

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