RU2776751C1 - Stamp for extrusion on a two-axis press - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metal working.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of metal forming and can be used in the production of workpieces from hard-to-deform alloys by extrusion. Stamp comprises a punch and a die assembled from an upper and a lower half-dies, wherein each half-die is equipped with an insert with a working strand. The punch is installed in a horizontal plane and is configured to be secured on the punch holder on the horizontal slider of the press. Inserts are installed in the corresponding U-shaped grooves of the half-dies. The outlet end of the upper half-die is coupled with the upper mobile plate of the stamp. The outlet end of the lower half-die is coupled with the lower fixed plate of the stamp. The plates are located in a horizontal plane with a gap relative to each other. The upper half-die is secured on the upper slider of the press, and the lower half-die is secured on the lower slider of the press. The inserts are secured in the half-die by means of fasteners and stops. The inserts are made of an isostatic fine dense graphite.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of the stamp and reduction in the time required to replace the inserts.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used to produce blanks, such as blades, from hard-to-form alloys for stamping by extrusion.

Known stamp for extruding parts of complex configuration, containing an upper movable plate with a punch fixed on it and a lower fixed plate with a matrix installed on it with the possibility of a connector in a horizontal plane, consisting of two semi-matrices with semi-bandages covering them (Patent for utility model No. 5369 dated 22.03 .1994, IPC B2D 22/02, published 11/16/1994).

The disadvantage of the presented design of the stamp is the complexity of the design, due to the fact that during the extrusion process, the workpiece is first placed in raised and open semi-matrices, then they close, and only then deformation begins, the same design disadvantage is the low reliability of the design associated with the presence of a spring for ejection of semi-matrices.

Known stamp for forging, containing two semi-matrices, forming a single matrix with a vertical stream, equipped with a fastening device semi-matrices to the body of the device (UK Patent No. 2030064 dated 03.09. ; V21K 3/04; V23R 6/00; published 04/02/1980).

The disadvantage of this design is that when the half-matrix thread is worn out, it is necessary to replace the entire matrix when the die is completely disassembled, which significantly increases the metal consumption in the manufacture of the part itself, and makes this die not universal.

Known stamp for extrusion, containing a punch, an upper movable and a lower fixed plate, a prefabricated matrix consisting of two semi-matrices, each of which is equipped with an insert with a working stream, each of the semi-matrices is fixed on a stamp holder (Krymov V.V. Production of gas turbine engines, V. V. Krymov, Yu.S. Eliseev, K.I. Zudin - M: Polet, 2002. - 376 pp. 77 Fig. 2.17).

The disadvantages of this die design are the complexity of the die design associated with the presence of a mechanism for external engagement of semi-matrices, low performance due to the presence of a significant number of assembly units, as well as the difficulty of replacing inserts with working streams, leading to an increase in the setup time of the die before operation due to the fact that when replacing inserts, you must first raise the semi-matrices by a predetermined amount using a spring-loaded grip.

The closest is a stamp for extrusion on a two-coordinate press, containing a punch, a prefabricated matrix consisting of two semi-matrices, each of which is equipped with an insert with a working stream, each of the semi-matrices is fixed on a stamp holder, while the punch is installed in a horizontal plane and is made with the possibility of fixing on the punch holder on the horizontal slide of the press, the assembled semi-matrix consists of the upper semi-matrix and the lower semi-matrix, and the inserts are installed symmetrically about the horizontal axis in the corresponding U-shaped grooves of the upper and lower semi-matrices by means of fasteners (Author's certificate No. 967653, priority dated 18.03.81, IPC B21J 13/02, published 10/23/82).

The disadvantage of this design is the low performance of the stamp, associated with the presence of an elastic element, which is destroyed at elevated temperatures, as well as a long time for replacing the inserts due to the presence of a one-piece container, as well as the difficulty of installing the workpiece in the stamp container.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of the stamp for extrusion at high temperatures, as well as to reduce the time required to replace the inserts in the semi-matrix due to the absence of the need to disassemble the entire stamp when replacing the inserts, due to the fact that each insert is installed symmetrically relative to each other relative to horizontal axis into the corresponding U-shaped groove of each of the upper and lower half-matrix using stops and fasteners.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a die for extrusion on a two-coordinate press containing a punch, a prefabricated matrix consisting of two semi-matrices, each of which is equipped with an insert with a working stream, each of the semi-matrices is fixed on a stamp holder, while the punch is installed in a horizontal plane and made with the possibility of fixing on the punch holder on the horizontal slide of the press, the prefabricated semi-matrix consists of the upper semi-matrix and the lower semi-matrix, and the inserts are installed symmetrically about the horizontal axis in the corresponding U-shaped grooves of the upper and lower semi-matrices by means of fasteners, in contrast to the known, the output end of the upper half-matrix is coupled with the upper movable stamp plate, the output end of the lower half-matrix is coupled with the lower fixed stamp plate, while the said upper and lower plates are located with a gap relative to each other in the horizontal plane, the upper half-matrix is made with the possibility with the help of the upper stamp holder on the upper slide of the press, and the lower half-matrix is made with the possibility of fixing with the help of the lower stamp holder on the lower press slide, each insert is fixed in the half-matrix both with the help of fasteners and stops, while the inserts and the stop are connected to each other pins, while the inserts are made of isostatic fine-grained dense graphite.

The figures show:

Fig. 1 is a top view of the lower half of the stamp;

Fig. 2 - section A-A of Fig. one;

Fig. 3 - section B-B of Fig. 2.

The two-coordinate press has three working bodies located in two axes (vertical and horizontal). On the vertical axis there are: a fixed table and a traverse of the press (upper slider), to which a stamp tool for deformation with a working stream can be attached. On the horizontal axis there are two sliders with working strokes towards each other, to which a deforming tool can be attached. All working parts of the press (namely, a fixed table, a traverse of the press, two sliders) have a wide customizable range of movements with the setting of speed and power parameters.

The stamp for extrusion on a two-coordinate press contains a punch 1 installed in a horizontal plane and fixed in a punch holder 2 on a horizontal slider (not shown) of the press, and a prefabricated matrix consisting of two semi-matrices 3, 4.

The assembled matrix consists of an upper half-matrix 3 and a lower half-matrix 4. The upper half-matrix 3 is fixed on the upper slider (not shown) of the press with the help of the upper stamp holder 5, the output end 6 of the upper half-matrix 3 is associated with the upper movable plate 7 of the stamp. The lower semi-matrix 4 is fixed on the lower slider (not shown) of the press with the help of the lower stamp holder 8, the output end 9 of the lower semi-matrix 4 is connected to the lower fixed plate 10 of the stamp. While the upper movable 7 and the lower fixed 10 plates are made with a gap relative to each other in the horizontal plane.

The upper semi-matrix 3 and the lower semi-matrix 4 are equipped with inserts 11, 12 with a working stream 13. Each insert 11 and 12 is installed symmetrically relative to each other relative to the horizontal axis 14 in the corresponding U-shaped groove of each of the upper 3 and lower semi-matrices 4 using stops 15 and fasteners 16. In each of the half-matrices 3, 4 are made with holes for dismantling 17 inserts 11 and 12.

This design allows, depending on the geometric parameters of the extruded workpiece, the grade of material and the technological parameters of the technological process, to assign the necessary speed and power parameters for performing operations.

Inserts 11, 12 are made of a material with a hardness of 80-90 HR, mainly, namely, isostatic fine-grained dense graphite, for example, grade 2230 or 2220.

If the inserts 11, 12 are made of a material with a hardness less than 80 HR, then during operation the deformation of the working stream 13 of the insert 11, 12 occurs, which leads to the production of defective extruded parts, as well as the efficiency of the extrusion die itself, associated with frequent insert replacement.

If the inserts 11,12 are made of a material with a hardness greater than 90 HR, then during operation, the inserts 11, 12 may be destroyed during extrusion of workpieces, associated with increased fragility of the inserts 11, 12, and, consequently, an increase in the cost of the die itself due to frequent replacement of destroyed inserts 11, 12.

The implementation of inserts 11, 12 of a material with a hardness of 80-90 HR reduces wear on the surface of the working stream 13 inserts 11, 12 when extruding hard-to-deform materials

The assembly of the stamp is carried out as follows.

The die assembly process before use begins with a separate assembly of the prefabricated die. Inserts 11, 12 are mounted in the upper 3 and lower 4 half-matrices, pressing them against the surface of the U-shaped groove with the help of stops 15 and fasteners 16, for example, screws with self-locking nuts. In this case, it is possible to use pins 18, one end of which is installed in the inserts 11, 12, and the other end of the pins is installed in the stop 15. This is necessary in order to prevent the inserts from moving during the deformation.

The top 3 and bottom 4 semi-matrices with inserts 11, 12 installed in them are fixed in stamp holders 5, 8 using fasteners 16, such as screws with countersunk heads. Then the upper movable plate 7 is mounted on the upper slider of the press (or on the upper stamp holder 5), so that the end 6 of the upper semi-matrix 3 is mated with the end of the upper movable plate 7 of the stamp. Then the lower fixed plate 10 is mounted on the lower slider of the press (or on the lower stamp holder 8) in such a way that the end of the lower semi-matrix 4 is mated with the end of the lower fixed plate 10 of the stamp.

Then punch 1 is installed in a horizontal plane into punch holder 2.

The next step is to set up the stamp.

The upper slider with the stamp holder 5 and the upper semi-matrix 3 with insert 11 goes down to the lowest position, where it merges with the lower semi-matrix 4 with insert 12. The punch 1 moves from the extreme left position to the extreme right position. Semi-matrices 3, 4 are centered relative to each other, and finally fixed relative to each other and the punch. After the final adjustment, the punch 1 is retracted to the extreme right position, and the upper slider rises to the extreme upper position.

To replace the quick-detachable inserts 11, 12 in case of wear of the working groove 13 or the deformation of another (subsequent) transition of extrusion or deformation of another standard size of the blanks, the punch 1 is removed from the punch holder 2, the inserts 11, 12 are removed from the semi-matrices 3, 4. To do this, unscrew (remove ) fasteners 16 (screws), stop 15 is dismantled. Inserts 11, 12 are removed from the upper 3 and lower 4 semi-matrices, respectively. Then, inserts 11, 12 with a different transition or a different size are installed in the upper 3 and lower 4 half-matrices, respectively. Stop 15 is fixed with fasteners 16 (screws) to hold inserts 11, 12 in semi-matrices 3, 4. Punch 1 with a different transition or a different size is installed in punch holder 2. The die is adjusted and work is continued / repeated from the beginning.

The work of the stamp is carried out as follows.

Inserts 11, 12 semi-matrices 3, 4 are heated up to the forging temperature (150-300°C). On the working stream 13 inserts 11, 12 apply lubricant. The workpiece is placed in the working stream 13 of the insert 12. The upper slider is lowered with the stamp holder 5 installed on it, on which the assembled upper semi-matrix 3 with the insert 11 is fixed. Then the punch 1 is brought from the leftmost position to the closed semi-matrices 3, 4. ). The extrusion is carried out in the horizontal direction, while in the initial position, the punch 1 is between the top 3 and bottom 4 half-matrices. Then, after the deformation, the punch 1 is taken to the extreme left position, the upper slider with the upper semi-matrix 3 with the insert 11 is raised to the uppermost position. The extruded workpiece is removed from the stream 13 of the insert 12 of the semi-matrix 4.

Due to the fact that the stamp for extrusion on a two-coordinate press, containing a punch, a prefabricated matrix consisting of two semi-matrices, each of which is equipped with an insert with a working stream, each of the semi-matrices is fixed on a stamp holder, while the punch is installed in a horizontal plane and is made with the possibility fastening on the punch holder on the horizontal slide of the press, the assembled semi-matrix consists of the upper semi-matrix and the lower semi-matrix, and the inserts are installed symmetrically about the horizontal axis in the corresponding U-shaped grooves of the upper and lower semi-matrices by means of fasteners, in contrast to the well-known, the output end of the upper semi-matrix is conjugated with the upper movable die plate, the output end of the lower half-die is coupled with the lower fixed die plate, while the above-mentioned upper and lower plates are located with a gap relative to each other in the horizontal plane, the upper half-die is made with the possibility of fixing with the help of the upper die holder on the upper press slide, and the lower half-matrix is made with the possibility of fixing with the help of the lower die holder on the lower press slide, each insert is fixed in the half-matrix both with the help of fasteners and stops, while the inserts and the stop are interconnected by pins, with In this case, the inserts are made of isostatic fine-grained dense graphite; an increase in the efficiency of the stamp for extrusion at high temperatures is achieved, as well as a decrease in the time required to replace the inserts in the semi-matrices.

Claims (1)

A die for extrusion on a two-coordinate press, containing a punch, a prefabricated matrix consisting of two half-matrices, each of which is equipped with an insert with a working groove, each of the half-matrices is fixed on a stamp holder, while the punch is installed in a horizontal plane and is made with the possibility of being fixed on a punch holder on horizontal slider of the press, the prefabricated semi-matrix consists of an upper semi-matrix and a lower semi-matrix, and the inserts are installed symmetrically about the horizontal axis in the corresponding U-shaped grooves of the upper and lower semi-matrices by means of fasteners, characterized in that the outlet end of the upper semi-matrix is associated with the upper movable die plate, the output end of the lower half-matrix is associated with the lower fixed plate of the stamp, while the above-mentioned upper movable and lower fixed plates are located with a gap relative to each other in the horizontal plane, the upper half-matrix is made with the possibility of fixing with the help of of the upper stamp holder on the upper press slide, and the lower half-die is made with the possibility of fixing with the help of the lower stamp holder on the lower press slide, each insert is fixed in the half-matrix both with the help of fasteners and stops, while the inserts and the stop are interconnected by pins, while the inserts are made of isostatic fine-grained dense graphite.

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