RU2776432C2 - Gearbox for agricultural working machine and agricultural working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to gearbox (10) for an agricultural working machine, in particular a tractor, a combine harvester or a fodder harvester. Gearbox (10) contains driving gear (14) and at least one first driven gear (16), each of which is mounted with the possibility of rotation around axis (24) of rotation and is made with the possibility of connection without the possibility of relative rotation to primary shaft (22) or to a secondary shaft as a power take-off mechanism. Gears (14, 16, 18, 20) are located in inner chamber (30) formed by crankcase (12) of the gearbox, which has inner structure (28) from the inner side, and which is at least partially filled with liquid (46) during the operation. Gearbox crankcase (12) contains at least one recess (38) from the inner side, which is located, in particular, on the side, near gear (14, 16, 18, 20), and which is at least partially closed by separator (34) to form liquid tank (39, 40). Liquid tank (39, 40), using at least one liquid-permeable hole (36), is connected to inner chamber (30) of gearbox crankcase (12).

EFFECT: increase in the reliability and operation efficiency of a gearbox is achieved.

11 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to a gearbox for an agricultural working machine, in particular a tractor, combine harvester or forage harvester, according to paragraph 1 of the claims.

State of the art

Agricultural working machines, in particular tractors or self-propelled harvesters, such as combine harvesters or forage harvesters, are known from the prior art. They usually contain several working bodies and / or attachments for carrying out or assisting in carrying out agricultural work. Various working bodies and/or attachments are hydraulically driven or controlled. The hydraulically actuated implements may in particular be the steering gear of an agricultural implement or a lifting gear such as, for example, a rear implement lift. Hydraulically driven consumers are provided with the necessary hydraulic power by means of at least one hydraulic pump, usually by individual hydraulic pumps for each consumer, which are driven by an appropriate power take-off. In this case, the specified power take-off mechanism is part of the drive mechanism of the working machine, branching off from the main gearbox or representing an independent drive. At the same time, agricultural working machines usually contain a number of power take-off mechanisms in order to adequately supply the hydraulically driven working bodies with fluid under hydraulic pressure.

The hydraulic pumps required for this are usually driven together by a gearbox, which serves as a transfer case for the pumps in the form of a power splitter. In this case, the gearbox comprises, as transmission elements, gears engaged in gearing, which are connected, for example, to the input shaft and/or to the secondary shaft as a power take-off. The gearbox is lubricated with a fluid, such as oil, which circulates in the gearbox. In this case, the gears are at least partially immersed in oil, which results in immersion losses and also heats up the oil and thus the entire gearbox. In order to prevent excessive losses due to immersion, for example, as is known from DE 10359109 A1, a separator is installed in the gearbox between adjacent gearbox sections, with which two gearbox sections can be separated from each other, so that lubricant can be stored in that gearbox section. , which is currently at rest or has a small rotation speed. The disadvantage of this design is that fluctuating immersion losses still occur in the gearbox area, especially when the oil fluctuates, and thus undesirable heating occurs, which, for example, with high performance requirements can lead to exceeding the limit allowable temperature of the gearbox elements.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a gearbox for an agricultural working machine which enables reliable and efficient operation.

According to the invention, this problem is solved by the distinctive features of paragraph 1 of the claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are presented in dependent claims.

A gearbox for an agricultural working machine, in particular a tractor, a combine harvester or a forage harvester, contains a drive gear and at least one first driven gear, each of which is mounted for rotation around the axis of rotation and is made with the possibility of being connected without the possibility of relative rotation with the primary a shaft or with a secondary shaft as a power take-off mechanism, while these gears are located in an internal chamber formed by the gearbox housing, which has an internal structure on the inside and is at least partially filled with liquid during operation. According to the invention, the gearbox housing on the inside contains at least one recess, which is located, in particular, on the side, next to the gear, and which, in order to form a liquid reservoir, is at least partially closed by a separator, while said liquid reservoir with at least one fluid-permeable hole is connected to the inner chamber of the gearbox housing.

The specified inner chamber of the gearbox housing contains only one section, on which the gears are located. On the inside, the gearbox housing has an internal structure and at least one recess, which is at least partially closed by only one separator to form a liquid reservoir. In this case, said recess may be formed by the internal structure of the gearbox housing. By means of a spacer located on the recess, in particular on the inner side corresponding to the gear, a liquid reservoir is formed together with the recess. The fluid that is used as a lubricant for the gearbox cannot be directly located in this fluid reservoir. Due to the lateral location of the liquid reservoir next to the gear, and, for example, the location of the separator essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the gear, one or more gears can be shielded and/or sealed from an undesirable high level of liquid, resulting in losses from immersion and heating can be reduced. The side arrangement of the at least one liquid reservoir is particularly advantageous in inclined positions, since this avoids the presence of liquid on the output shafts and/or on the hydraulic pumps, which would lead to an undesirable loss of liquid. In addition, the advantage of one or more fluid reservoirs is that when the oil fluctuates, in particular when the oil level rises, a stable and essentially constant oil supply to the gearbox can be ensured, whereby a stable thermal equilibrium can also be maintained. Due to the internal structure and the formation of one or more liquid reservoirs, it is also possible to increase the area of the gearbox required for cooling the fluid, and thus improve the cooling of the fluid in the gearbox. This makes it possible, in particular in inclined positions, to ensure reliable and efficient oil lubrication of the gearbox.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the gearbox comprises an idler gear meshing with the drive gear and at least one first driven gear, wherein the tooth tip circumference of the intermediate gear in the lower region is deeper than the tooth tip circumferences of the other gears. As a result, in the normal orientation of the gearbox, the fluid collects under the idler gear or flows there under the action of gravity, so that during operation at least the lower part of the intermediate gear is immersed in the liquid, while the said liquid is distributed in the inner chamber as a result of the rotation of the idler gear. gearbox housing to lubricate and/or cool other gears.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacer is in the form of a plate and/or integral with the gearbox housing. In this case, said separator in the form of a plate can be made of metal and/or plastic. A plate divider may be removably mounted on the gearbox housing to at least partially cover the recess. The advantage of the spacer in the form of a plate is that it can be economically and easily adapted to the spatial arrangement of the gearbox. Thus, for example, the separator for the side recess can be made in the form of a circular segment mounted on a corresponding recess, which can be located around the axis of rotation of the gear and to the side of it. The spacer integral with the gearbox housing can be made together with it, for example, from the same cast alloy as the gearbox housing. The advantage of this design is the possibility of supplying the separator together with the gearbox housing without additional installation.

The separator is preferably installed on the bottom side of the gear, whereby under at least one gear a bottom liquid reservoir is formed, which contains at least one hole facing the gear and permeable to liquid. The recess located on the bottom side of the gear may, for example, be completely closed by a spacer integral with the gearbox housing. In this case, the liquid-permeable hole can be made in the form of a drilled hole in the lower part of the separator near the gear, as a result of which the liquid exiting through this hole to the gear can be directly captured by this gear. In this case, said gear may in particular be an intermediate gear, with which, for example, the lubrication of the gearbox is carried out. By positioning the fluid reservoir below the gears, a liquid settling area can be created in which contaminants can settle.

Particularly preferably, the bottom liquid reservoir is connected in a liquid-permeable way to at least one more liquid reservoir, in particular located laterally next to the pinion. In this case, the liquid reservoirs located on the side of the gears are at least partially above the bottom liquid reservoir, so the liquid flows in the direction of the bottom liquid reservoir. In this case, said side liquid reservoirs can contain only this connection to the bottom liquid reservoir as a liquid outlet. As a result, at least part of the liquid can be supplied from the inner chamber to the gear, in particular to the intermediate gear, along a certain path through the bottom liquid reservoir and its hole on the side of the gear for redistribution in the inner chamber. This has the advantage of a reliable distribution of the liquid in the inner chamber, especially in inclined positions.

In one preferred embodiment of at least one gear, the bottom clearance along at least a portion of the female contour of the gear is substantially constant. This gap is the distance between the circumference of the tops of the gear teeth and the bottom of the gearbox housing, which is located in the radial direction near the gear. Said gear may in this case be an intermediate gear. Thus, the bottom, at least along a part of the perimeter of the gear, follows its contour, which can improve the movement of fluid by the rotating gear. In addition, the gap may be relatively narrow, such as less than or equal to the width of the gear teeth.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the internal structure is annular at least in the region of the rotational axis of the gear, and such an annular structure, in particular on the upper side, comprises at least one liquid-permeable opening for supplying liquid to the rotational axis. The internal structure of the gearbox housing may be ribbed and/or annular. The annular internal structure may have an axis of rotation and may be designed as a socket for seating a gear bearing. Through a liquid-permeable opening located on the upper side of the annular internal structure or bearing seat, liquid can be directed from the inner chamber to the gear, in particular from the inside of the gear to the shaft.

It is also preferable that the internal structure, in particular in the area above the liquid-permeable opening, is funnel-shaped. In this case, the liquid-permeable opening can be located in the annular inner structure or in the bearing seat. The funnel-shaped internal structure may be formed by the ribs, so that the amount of fluid supplied to the hole can be increased. The advantage of this design can be improved lubrication of the gear and, accordingly, connected to it without the possibility of relative rotation of the shaft, for example, the output shaft.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the internal structure comprises at least one guiding element which substantially diverts fluid from the inside of the gearbox housing. The guide element can be releasably connected to the gearbox housing from the inside and is made, for example, of metal and/or plastic. It is also possible to implement the guide element integrally with the gearbox housing. The guide element is essentially an arc-shaped U-profile that conducts fluid from the inside of the gearbox housing, for example, to the axis of rotation of the gear and into it, so that the specified fluid can serve to lubricate the gear or shaft connected to it without the possibility of relative rotation, and thus the power take-off.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one gear contains on the inside an annular cap for retaining liquid. When this specified cap is located on the inner side of the gear and passes around its axis of rotation. On the side of the gearbox housing, the cap forms a circumferential flange directed radially inward towards the axis of rotation. This cap, due to the bead, can retain in the gear at least part of the fluid supplied by the guide element to the gear, to ensure minimal lubrication. In this case, the guide element can pass through the cap, in particular through the bead of the cap, into the pinion in order to ensure a reliable supply of liquid to the pinion.

The gearbox is preferably in the form of a transfer case for pumps. This transfer case can be configured to drive at least two power take-offs, for example two hydraulic pumps, simultaneously, with the drive being through the input shaft.

The invention also relates to an agricultural working machine, in particular to a tractor or a self-propelled harvesting machine, equipped with at least one of the gearboxes described above.

Brief description of the drawings

Below is a more detailed description of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a gearbox for an agricultural working machine according to the invention with an open crankcase;

fig. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the gearbox of FIG. 1 along the A-A axis;

fig. 3 is a detailed perspective view of the fluid reservoir located under the gears;

fig. 4 is a B-B sectional view of the liquid reservoir of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a detailed perspective view of the internal structure of the gearbox housing with guide member; and

fig. 6 is a sectional view along the C-C axis of the gearbox of FIG. 5.

Implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1 shows a gearbox 10 for an agricultural working machine, in particular for a tractor or self-propelled harvester. The structure of the tractor or self-propelled harvester is not described in detail as it is assumed to be known to those skilled in the art. The gearbox 10 includes a gearbox housing 12 in which a pinion gear 14 is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation 24 and driven by the input shaft 22, for example by means of a drive mechanism (not shown) with a drive motor. The drive gear 14 serves as a drive for the first driven gear 16 and the second driven gear 18, which are also mounted in the gearbox housing 12 to rotate about the rotation axis 25 and the rotation axis 27, respectively. The driven gears 16, 18 may be connected to a secondary shaft (not shown), while the power take-off mechanisms for the drive may be provided, for example, by means of hydraulic pumps, through which the working units of the hydraulically driven agricultural working machine can be driven.

The drive of the first and second driven gears 16, 18 is carried out using the intermediate gear 20. In this case, the intermediate gear 20, using radially outer teeth 26, engages in gearing with the corresponding teeth 26 of the drive gear 14. In the illustrated embodiment, the intermediate gear 20 is also in gear meshing with the first driven gear 16, so that the rotation of the drive gear 14 through the intermediate gear 20 is transmitted to the first driven gear 16. The first driven gear 16 is in gearing with both the intermediate gear 20 and the second driven gear 18, so the rotation driven gear 16 is also transmitted to the second driven gear 18. Thus, the drive of the second driven gear 18 is carried out from the driving gear 14 through the intermediate gear 20 and the first driven gear 16. In this case, the gears 14, 16, 18, 20, which have different diameters, located, in the crankcase, essentially in one horizontal m row close to each other and, in particular, in the same plane. To lubricate and cool the gearbox 10, in the inner chamber 30 formed inside the gearbox housing 12, there is a liquid 46, which, under the action of the rotation of the gears 14, 16, 18, 20, is distributed in the inner chamber, while excessive immersion of the gears 14, 16, 18 , 20 can lead to increased immersion losses and undesirable transmission heat.

In the gearbox 10 according to the invention, the distribution of fluid in the inner chamber 30 of the gearbox 10 is carried out using an intermediate gear 20, which is located deeper than the drive gear 14 and the driven gears 16, 18. In this case, the circumference of the tops of the teeth of the intermediate gear 20 is located closer to the bottom, than the circumferences of the tooth tips of the other gears 14, 16, 18, so that the distribution of the liquid 46 in the inner chamber 30, the so-called lubrication, occurs essentially by means of the intermediate gear 20. The liquid 46 distributed in the inner chamber 30 can at least partially return to the bottom along the inner surfaces of the crankcase 12 of the gearbox. Due to the internal structure 28 formed inside the gearbox housing 12, its surface area can be increased and heat dissipation can be improved. To receive the returned fluid 46, the gearbox housing 12 has a recess 38 in its bottom which is separated from the inner chamber 30 at least in the lower region 32 by a divider 34, resulting in a bottom fluid reservoir 39. Said bottom fluid reservoir 39 is located essentially under intermediate gear 20.

At the same time, between the intermediate gear 20 and the separator 34 of the bottom liquid reservoir 39, a small lower gap of height h is formed, due to which the movement and distribution of the liquid 46 in the inner chamber can be improved. The height h of the gap is substantially less than or equal to the width b of the teeth of the intermediate gear 20. The lower region 32 is designed so that the separator 34 of the bottom liquid reservoir 39 at least partially follows the contour of the intermediate gear 20 with a constant distance and/or height h, therefore the gap formed is at least partly of a constant cross section, which can improve fluid transport.

The liquid 46 which is in the bottom liquid reservoir 39 can pass through the opening 36 in the divider 34 of the bottom liquid reservoir 39 towards the intermediate gear 20 into the lower region 32 in order to be again distributed from there into the inner chamber 30 of the gearbox housing 12, for example. The advantage of the bottom liquid reservoir 39 is that the liquid contained therein can settle down, while foreign impurities and contaminants can be deposited there, and not be distributed again in the inner chamber 30. In addition, thanks to the bottom liquid reservoir 39, it is possible to increase the amount of liquid, located in the gearbox 10 without causing an increase in the temperature of the gearbox, for example, due to losses from immersion. This has the advantage of extending the life of the fluid, such as oil, and the possibility of lengthening the intervals between necessary maintenance.

In FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the gearbox housing 12 along axis A-A. In this case, the specified section passes through the intermediate gear 20 rotated around the axis 29 of rotation, which, with the help of bearings 44, rests on the crankcase 12 of the gearbox. From the side of the bottom, i.e. below the intermediate gear 20, a bottom liquid reservoir 39 is formed, which is separated by a divider 34 from the intermediate gear 20, while the liquid 46 can exit through the opening 36 into the lower region 32 of the inner chamber. The separator 34 of the bottom liquid reservoir 39 can be mounted on the gearbox housing 12 with the possibility of removal or made integral with it. In this case, the separator 34 of the bottom liquid reservoir 39 can be integral or consist of several parts and can be made, for example, from metal and/or plastic.

In the lower region 32 on both sides of the intermediate gear 20 recesses 38 are located, which are closed by separators 34 in the form of plates from the intermediate gear 20, resulting in the formation of side liquid reservoirs 40. In this case, the plate separator 34 and/or side recesses 38 have a semicircular or arched shape. Said lateral recesses 38 and/or lateral liquid reservoirs 40 may extend around the axis of rotation 29 of the intermediate gear 20 and receive liquid 46 which flows back towards the bottom along the inner surfaces of the inner chamber 30.

By virtue of the side fluid reservoirs 40, the liquid flowing back 46 can immediately enter into them and be kept away from the intermediate gear 20 in the lower region 32, so that the intermediate gear 20 is not excessively immersed in the liquid, and sinking losses can be reduced. In addition, due to the arcuate and/or semicircular shape of the lateral recesses 38 and/or the separator 34 and/or the lateral liquid reservoir 40, the liquid is reliably retained even in an inclined position of the gearbox housing 12. The advantage of the side dividers 34 lies in the fact that in an inclined position, the liquid, in particular oil, cannot be on the driven gears 16, 18 and, for example, on the hydraulic pumps associated with them. In this way, liquid losses associated with so-called suction pumps can be avoided.

The liquid, which during operation is scattered by the gears 14, 16, 18, 20 in the crankcase, can flow down the inner walls of the gearbox crankcase 12 and collect behind the separators 34 in the side liquid tanks 40. The bottom liquid tank 39 can be connected, in particular from the side inflow of liquid with at least only one of the side liquid reservoirs 40 with the possibility of liquid flow so that the collected liquid can move from the side liquid reservoir 40 to the bottom liquid reservoir 39. From the bottom liquid reservoir 39 (Fig. 3), liquid at least at least one hole 36 can enter the lower region 32 to the intermediate gear 20 to be distributed again in the inner chamber 30 from there. chamber 30, the influence of liquid level fluctuations on 10 gear box. In this way, the influence of the liquid filling level on the immersion loss and on the temperature increase can be reduced. The bottom liquid reservoir 40 has a large enough volume so that the liquid returned to it can settle before exiting through the opening 36, whereby impurities present in the liquid can be deposited and do not participate in the liquid circulation that occurs in the internal chamber 30 of the gearbox 10 . In the gearbox housing 12, on the lower side of the bottom liquid reservoir 40, there is a drain hole 48, which is closed by a removable screw plug 50 and serves to remove liquid and/or settled contaminants from the gearbox housing 12.

In FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the gearbox housing 12 along axis B-B. In this case, the specified section passes through the side liquid reservoirs 39 located on both sides of the intermediate gear 20, and the bottom liquid reservoir 39 located underneath. 30 can flow back down the inner walls into the side liquid reservoirs 40 is higher than on the underside of the idler gear 20 in the lower region 32, whereby sinking losses can be reduced. Fluid 46 through permeable connections (not shown) enters the bottom liquid reservoir 39, from where it can pass through the opening 36 (not shown) to the lower region 32 on the intermediate gear 32, to be distributed from there by means of the intermediate gear 20 in the crankcase 12 of the box gears. At the same time, the gearbox housing 12 includes a crankcase cover 42 attached to it with the possibility of removal by means of fasteners 52. The crankcase cover 42 has a certain internal structure 28 and a recess 38, which partially form the side liquid reservoirs 40 and the bottom liquid reservoir 39. Separator 34 bottom liquid reservoir 39 is at least partially formed in the cover 42 of the crankcase.

In FIG. 5 shows a portion of the gearbox housing 12 containing a second driven gear (not shown). The internal structure 28 of the gearbox housing 12 is formed by ribs 56 and an annular bearing seat 54 . The bearing seat 54 serves to receive a bearing (not shown), in particular the bearing of the second driven gear (not shown). The fins 56, in particular above the bearing seat 54, and/or above the (not shown) lateral fluid reservoir, are funnel-shaped and connected to the opening 36. The opening 36 is located on the upper side of the bearing seat 54 and allows the fluid that is directed into it from the inner wall along the funnel-shaped ribs 56, pass into the seat 54 of the bearing.

The driven gears 16, 18, in particular the second driven gear 18 shown in FIG. 6 in a section along the axis C-C, contain cavities located concentrically around the axis of rotation 27, through which liquid, for example, through appropriately made output shafts (not shown), can flow to lubricate the power take-off mechanism. In this case, the liquid is directed by the guide element 58, located inside the bearing seat 54 on the gearbox housing 12, into the driven gear 16, 18. The guide element 58 is connected at one end with the possibility of removal to the gearbox housing 12, and at the other end has a profile with a bend extending from the inside of the gearbox housing 12 to direct the fluid.

From the inner wall of the gearbox housing 12, fluid through a hole (not shown) can pass directly through the internal structure 28 or bearing ring 54 to the guide element 58. crankcase 12 of the gearbox to the gears 16, 18 and from there, for example, through the bearing 44 to the guide element 58. Then the liquid at least partially from the seat 54 of the bearing with the help of the guide element 58 is directed to the driven gear 16, 18.

In order for the liquid to remain in the driven gear 16, 18, a cap 60 is provided in its cavity on the side of the guide element, which extends along the edge in a circular direction, acts as a bead radially inward and holds the liquid in the driven gear 16, 18. The second driven gear 18 is installed in the gearbox housing 12 with the possibility of rotation with the help of bearings 44 located in the seats 54 of the bearings. In this case, one seat 54 of the bearing is made in the cover 42 of the crankcase. From the side of the crankcase cover on the driven gears 16, 18, there are no guide elements, since here secondary shafts (not shown) pass through the crankcase 12 of the gearbox and the crankcase cover 42 .

List of reference symbols

10 Gearbox

12 Transmission housing

14 Drive gear

16 First driven gear

18 Second driven gear

20 Intermediate gear

22 Input shaft

24 Axis of rotation

25 Axis of rotation

26 teeth

27 Axis of rotation

28 Internal structure

29 Axis of rotation

30 Inner chamber

32 Lower area

34 Separator

36 Hole

38 Recess

39 Bottom liquid tank

40 Side fluid reservoir

42 Crankcase cover

44 Bearing

46 Liquid

48 Drain hole

50 Screw plug

52 Fasteners

54 Bearing seat

56 Rib

58 Guide element 60 Cap

b Tooth width

h Height

Claims (11)

1. Gearbox (10) for an agricultural working machine, in particular a tractor, a combine harvester or a forage harvester, containing a drive gear (14) and at least one first driven gear (16), each of which is mounted for rotation around an axis of rotation and is made with the possibility of connection without the possibility of relative rotation with the input shaft (22) or with the secondary shaft as a power take-off mechanism of an agricultural working machine, while the gearbox (12) contains an intermediate gear (20), which is in gear engagement with the drive gear ( 14) and at least one driven gear (16), while the gearbox (10) contains a crankcase (12) of the gearbox, while the gears (14, 16, 20) are located in the inner chamber (30) formed by the crankcase (12 ) gearbox, which on the inside has an internal structure (28) to increase the surface of the crankcase (12) of the gearbox and improve the heat dissipation of the car tera (12) of the gearbox and during operation is at least partially filled with liquid (46), characterized in that the crankcase (12) of the gearbox on the inside contains at least one recess (38), which is located on the side, near the intermediate gear (20), and which, to form a liquid reservoir (39, 40), is at least partially closed by a separator (34), while said liquid reservoir (39, 40) is connected with at least one liquid-permeable hole (36) to the inner chamber (30) of the crankcase (12) of the gearbox, while the crankcase (12) of the gearbox has a recess (38) in the bottom, separated from the inner chamber (30) at least in the lower region (32) of the inner chamber (30) by a separator (34), as a result of which, at least under the intermediate gear (20), a bottom liquid reservoir (39) is formed, while the separator (34) of the bottom liquid reservoir (39) contains a liquid-permeable hole (36) that allows liquid (46) flows into the lower region (32) of the inner chamber (30) during operation, while the circle of the tops of the teeth of the intermediate gear (20) is located closer to the bottom than the circles of the tops of the teeth of other gears (14, 16), so that in during operation, the lower region (32) of the intermediate gear (20) is immersed in the liquid (46). 2. Gearbox (10) according to claim. 1, characterized in that it contains a second driven gear (18), and the drive gear (14) serves as a drive for the first driven gear (16) and the second driven gear (18), which is also installed in the gearbox housing (12) with the possibility of rotation around the axis of rotation, while the first driven gear (16) is in gearing with both the intermediate gear (20) and the second driven gear (18), so that the rotation of the first driven gear (16) is also transmitted to the second driven gear (18). 3. Gearbox (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer (34) is made in the form of a plate and/or integrally with the gearbox housing (12). 4. Gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gearbox housing (12) on the inside contains at least one additional liquid reservoir (40) located on the side next to the gear (14, 16, 18, 20), wherein the bottom liquid reservoir (39) is connected in a liquid-permeable manner to the liquid reservoir (40). 5. Gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that between the intermediate gear (20) and the separator (34) of the bottom liquid reservoir (39) a gap is formed with a height (h), while the separator (34) of the bottom liquid reservoir (39) at least partially repeats the contour of the intermediate gear (20) with a constant height (h), so that the specified gap is made in the form of a gap with at least partially constant cross section. 6. The gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal structure (28) is annular at least in the region of the axis of rotation of the gear (14, 16, 18, 20), while the annular structure (54) contains in particular, on the upper side there is at least one liquid-permeable opening (36) for supplying liquid to the axis of rotation. 7. Gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal structure (28), in particular in the area located above the liquid-permeable opening (36), is funnel-shaped. 8. Gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal structure (28) contains at least one guiding element (58), which removes fluid (46) essentially from the inside of the crankcase (12) gearboxes. 9. Gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one gear (14, 16, 18, 20) contains on the inside an annular cap (60) for holding fluid (46). 10. Gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it is a transfer case for pumps. 11. Agricultural working machine, containing at least one gearbox (10) according to one of the preceding paragraphs.

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