RU2774167C1 - Method for development of complex-structured deep-lying deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to develop complex-structured deep-lying deposits of gold. The method includes drilling wells, identification of rich zones of the productive reservoir, expansion of wells, local extraction of a rich zone element with an auger. The remaining part of the rich zone, beyond the boundary of drilling with the auger along the stretch of the productive reservoir, is extracted by a cylindrical bucket mounted on a drilling rod. After the cylindrical bucket is submerged to the level of the productive reservoir, the automatic system sends signals to control the hydraulic mechanisms for turning the expanders pivotally attached to the cylindrical bucket body, and to control the hydraulic cylinders for positioning the rotary cutting edges at the calculated cutting angle. The expanders are installed in the direction of rotation of the cylindrical bucket and open as the layer is cut, and the angle of rotation of the expanders corresponds to the thickness of the layer being cut. The mineral mass cut by the rotary cutting edges is directed by expanders into the inner cavity of a cylindrical bucket with a bottom. After filling, the cylindrical bucket rises through the well to control the mineral mass for gold content and feed it to gravity enrichment. The development cycles of the productive reservoir continue until the quality of the extracted mineral mass in the transition zone decreases to a set level. The zone of a productive reservoir with a low gold content is worked out by methods for physico-chemical geotechnology.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of gold extraction from deep-lying placers, increase in the productivity and reliability of excavation, reduction of the ecological burden on the environment in the mining area.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to develop complex-structured deep-seated gold placers.

A known design of a mechanical expander mounted on a drill string to expand drilled wells in order to obtain rock samples of increased volume [1]. The mechanical expander includes a housing and expansion blades with cutting elements.

The disadvantage of a mechanical expander is the difficulty of extracting the sample separated from the mass to the surface during the expansion of the well.

There is a known method of downhole mining of solid minerals and a device for its implementation [2], including driving a leading well, using a working body in the form of an expander with blades reinforced with cutters for drilling rocks in reverse and extracting drilled rocks in the form of a slurry.

The disadvantage of this method is the loss of large native gold during the transportation of sands in the form of slurry.

Known design expander wells [3], including a drill rod, a plow, a plow swing axis, brackets and tub. When the drill rod rotates, the plow extends, which expands the well and dumps the cut soil into the bucket.

The disadvantage of using a well expander is the loss of part of the sand above the raft when expanding the well in the productive formation due to the curvilinear trajectory of the plow.

The closest in terms of technological essence is the method of borehole leaching of gold from complex-structured deep-seated placers, including drilling of wells, identification of rich zones of a productive reservoir, expansion of wells, local extraction of an element of a rich zone by auger and gravity enrichment of the mineral mass from rich zones containing coarse gold, mining by methods of physical -chemical geotechnology of the reservoir [5].

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of mechanical extraction of the entire volume of the mineral mass from the rich zones containing coarse gold, which subsequently leads to loss of gold due to incomplete dissolution of coarse gold by leaching solutions.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of extracting gold from deep placers, increasing productivity and reliability of extraction, reducing the environmental impact on the environment in the mining area.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing complex-structured deep-seated placers, including drilling wells, identifying rich zones of a productive formation, widening wells, locally extracting an element of a rich zone with a screw and gravity enrichment of the mineral mass from rich zones containing coarse gold, mining by methods of physical and chemical geotechnology of the productive formation, the remaining part of the rich zone - beyond the boundary of drilling with auger along the strike of the productive formation, is extracted by a cylindrical bucket mounted on a drill rod, while after immersing the cylindrical bucket to the level of the productive formation, the automatic system sends signals to control the hydraulic mechanisms for turning the expanders hinged to the body of the cylindrical bucket, and - to control the hydraulic cylinders for positioning the rotary cutting edges at the calculated cutting angle, while the expanders are installed in the direction of rotation of the cylindrical bucket and are opened as the layer is cut, and the angle of rotation of the expanders corresponds to the thickness of the cut layer, and the mineral mass cut by the rotary cutting edges is directed by the expanders into the internal cavity of the cylindrical bucket with a bottom, and after filling the cylindrical bucket rises through the well to control the mineral mass for gold content and supply to gravitational enrichment, and the development cycles of the productive formation continue until the quality of the extracted mineral mass in the transition zone decreases to the established level, and the zone of the productive formation with a low gold grade is worked out by the methods of physical and chemical geotechnology.

The possibility of forming the required sequence of actions performed by the proposed means allows solving the problem, determines the novelty, industrial applicability and inventive level of development.

In FIG. 1 - scheme for the development of a complex structure deep-seated placer; in fig. 2 - remote element A in Fig. one; in fig. 3 - section B-B in Fig. 2, cylindrical bucket with expanders in the original position; in fig. 4 - section B-B in Fig. 2, a cylindrical bucket with extended expanders in the extreme position.

The method for developing complex-structured deep-seated placers includes drilling wells 1, identifying rich zones 2 of a productive formation 3, widening wells 4, local extraction of an element 6 of a rich zone 2 by auger 5, and gravity enrichment of the mineral mass from rich zones 2. The remaining part 7 of a rich zone 2 is abroad 8 drilling out with auger 5, is retrieved by a cylindrical bucket 9 mounted on a drill rod 10 and submerged at the level 11 of the productive formation 3. The cylindrical bucket 9 is controlled by an automatic system 12, which sends signals to control the hydraulic mechanisms 13, 14 of the rotation of the expanders 15, 16, articulated 17, 18 attached to the body 19 of the cylindrical bucket 9, and - to control the hydraulic cylinders 20, 21 positioning the rotary cutting edges 22, 23 at the calculated cutting angle 24. The expanders 15, 16 are installed in the direction of rotation 25 of the cylindrical bucket 9 and open as the layer 26 is cut, angle of rotation 27 of expanders 15, 16 corresponds to the thickness not 28 gradually sheared layer 26. Sheared mineral mass is collected in the inner cavity 29 of the cylindrical bucket 9 on the bottom 30. The development cycles of the productive reservoir 3 continue until the quality of the extracted mineral mass decreases in the transition zone 31. Zone 32 of the productive reservoir 3 with a low gold content is worked out by methods physical and chemical geotechnology.

The method of developing complex-structured deep-seated placers is carried out as follows.

Wells 1 are being drilled, rich zones 2 of the productive formation 3 are identified, wells are expanded 4, element 6 of the rich zone 2 is locally extracted by auger 5 and the mineral mass is gravitationally enriched from the rich zones 2 containing coarse gold, and the productive formation 3 is being worked out by methods of physical and chemical geotechnology. The remaining part 7 of the rich zone 2 - beyond the boundary 8 of drilling with auger 5 along the strike of the productive formation 3, is extracted by a cylindrical bucket 9 mounted on a drill rod 10. After immersing the cylindrical bucket 9 to the level 11 of the productive formation 3, the automatic system 12 sends signals to control the hydraulic mechanisms 13 , 14 rotation of the expanders 15, 16, hinged 17, 18 attached to the body 19 of the cylindrical bucket 9, and - to control the hydraulic cylinders 20, 21 positioning the rotary cutting edges 22, 23 at the calculated cutting angle 24. The expanders 15, 16 are installed in the direction of rotation 25 cylindrical bucket 9 and open as layer 2 is cut 6, and the angle of rotation 27 of the expanders 15, 16 corresponds to the thickness 28 of the layer 26 being cut. rises to control the mineral mass for gold content and feed to gravity enrichment. The development cycles of the productive formation 3 continue until the quality of the recoverable mineral mass in the transition zone 31 decreases to the established level. Zone 32 of the reservoir 3 with a low gold content is worked out by the methods of physical and chemical geotechnology.

The method provides an increase in the efficiency of extracting gold from deep-seated placers, an increase in the productivity and reliability of extraction, a decrease in the environmental load on the environment in the area of mining operations.

Sources of information:

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2183249 dated 10.06.2002. mechanical expander.

2. RF patent No. 2236537 dated September 20, 2004. Method for borehole extraction of solid minerals and device for its implementation.

3. Utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 124299 dated 01/20/2013. Well expander.

4. RF patent No. 2716536 dated March 12, 2020. Method for borehole leaching of gold from complex-structured deep-seated placers.

Claims (1)

The method for developing complex-structured deep-seated placers includes drilling wells, identifying rich zones of a productive reservoir, widening wells, locally extracting an element of a rich zone with a screw and gravitational enrichment of the mineral mass from rich zones containing coarse gold, testing the reservoir using methods of physical and chemical geotechnology, characterized in that the remaining part of the rich zone - beyond the boundary of drilling with auger along the strike of the productive formation, is extracted by a cylindrical bucket mounted on a drill rod, while after immersing the cylindrical bucket to the level of the productive formation, the automatic system sends signals to control the hydraulic mechanisms for turning the expanders hinged to the body of the cylindrical bucket, and - to control hydraulic cylinders for positioning rotary cutting edges at the calculated cutting angle, while the expanders are installed in the direction of rotation of the cylindrical bucket and open as they are cut layer, and the angle of rotation of the expanders corresponds to the thickness of the cut layer, and the mineral mass cut by the rotary cutting edges is directed by the expanders into the internal cavity of the cylindrical bucket with the bottom, and after filling the cylindrical bucket rises through the well to control the mineral mass for gold content and feed it to gravity concentration, moreover the development cycles of the productive formation continue until the quality of the extracted mineral mass in the transition zone decreases to the established level, and the zone of the productive formation with a low gold grade is worked out using the methods of physical and chemical geotechnology.

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