RU2773531C1 - Method for disinfection of objects of veterinary supervision of the hatchery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: poultry farming.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to industrial poultry farming, in particular to a method for disinfection of hatching poultry eggs and technological equipment of a hatchery. The method for disinfection of hatching eggs of poultry and technological equipment of the hatchery includes surface treatment of hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery with a 0.05-0.1% aqueous solution of the preparation, which contains ammonium trimethyloctadecyl bromide, glutaraldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride. Hatching eggs are treated with the drug 2-3 hours before they are laid for incubation, with the formation of a polymer protective film 0.3-0.5 nm in size, while the aqueous solution of the drug is used at a temperature of 18-20°C in the following ratio of components, wt.%: glutaraldehyde 10-13, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20-30, trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 1-3 and water - the rest.

EFFECT: proposed method for disinfection of hatching eggs of poultry and technological equipment of the hatchery provides effective protection against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, prolonged bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal action during the entire period of incubation, provides an increase in hatching and safety of chickens, and the drug used in the method does not have an irritating, skin - resorptive and allergic action, non-toxic, no pungent odor, does not cause corrosion of metal equipment.

1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to industrial poultry farming, in particular, to a method for disinfection of hatching poultry eggs and technological equipment of a hatchery, and can be used for the prevention of infectious diseases in poultry.

State of the art

A known method of disinfection of hatching eggs, including their treatment with an aqueous solution of chemicals at 35-40°C, while the treatment is carried out for 2-4 min by immersion in a 1-3% solution of a composition of inorganic salts containing the following components, wt .%:

Alkyltrimethylammonium chloride 0.3-0.6 sodium carbonate 0.5-0.7 Trisodium phosphate 0.5-0.7 Sodium pyrophosphate 0.4 -0.7 Water rest

(see A.S. SU No. 900830, IPC A 01 K 43/00, publ. 30.01.1982).

The disadvantage of this method is the ineffective reduction of bacterial contamination of eggs.

There is a known method of pre-incubation disinfection of eggs and incubators, with a surface-active drug ATM, including treating their surface with tetra-substituted ammonium salts, while using a composition of equal parts of acetic acid and ammonium bromide salts in a final concentration of a solution of 0.2% with which eggs are treated and incubators 2 hours before laying eggs for incubation (see Pat. RU No. 2099939, IPC A 01 K 43/00, publ. 27.12. 1997).

The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of obtaining the acetic acid salt of tetrasubstituted ammonium.

A known method of disinfection and stimulation of the embryonic development of birds by treating eggs, while the eggs are gassed with ozone at the rate of 343-350 mg / m ³ , after which aerosol treatment is carried out with 0.2-0.3% succinic acid at a dose of 1.5 -2 ml m ³ for 30-35 minutes, then exposed to pairs of para-aminobenzoic acid in an incubator for 18 days (see Pat. RU No. 2259818, IPC A 61K 9/12.33/00.31/194, 31/19, A 01 K 43/00, published on September 10, 2005).

The disadvantage of this method is the duration of disinfection.

A means for disinfecting hatching eggs and increasing their hatchability is known, including antimicrobial substances, while the complex of target ingredients includes macro- and microelements in powder in the ratio, g: sodium benzoate -20, potassium sorbate -20, succinates (II) manganese-0 .01, zinc -0.4, iron -0.6, calcium -16.99, sodium -41 and potassium -41, as well as propylene glycol to bring the total volume of the solution to 1000 ml (see Pat. RU No. 2671387, IPC A 01 K 41/00, A 23 K 20/00, published 13.06.2018).

The disadvantage of this tool is a large amount of use in the complex of target ingredients, which significantly increases the cost of the tool.

A known method of processing hatching eggs with formaldehyde vapor, which involves 6-fold processing of eggs before incubation and during incubation (See Veterinary legislation v.4, M.. 1988, p. 411-415).

Repeated and uncontrolled fumigation with formaldehyde leads to pathological changes in the internal organs of the embryo and an increase in embryo mortality in the second half of incubation. The use of formaldehyde vapors has an adverse effect on service personnel, in whom it causes allergic reactions, increases the number of respiratory diseases and is a carcinogen for humans, animals and birds.

The closest in technical essence and achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a method for sanitizing objects of zootechnical control of a hatchery and hatching eggs, including treating their surface with an aqueous solution of a preparation based on a quaternary ammonium compound, while as an aqueous solution based on a quaternary ammonium compound, 0.05 - 0.2% - aqueous solution of the composition of trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide - 40%, trimethyloctadecyl ammonium iodide - 40% and trimethyloctadecyl ammonium acetate - 20%, which is used to treat objects of zootechnical control of the hatchery and hatching eggs 2-4 hours before laying eggs for incubation (see Pat. RU No. 2456556, IPC A 61 L 2/16, A 61L 2/18, A 61 K 33/02, publ. 20.08.2011).

The disadvantages of this method are the duration of the disinfection process, the need to use heated solutions to a certain temperature, which is a health risk, the presence of additional containers for bathing eggs or trays with eggs, which create hygienic inconvenience in the hatchery.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for disinfecting hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery, which has an increase in the hatching and safety of chickens by disinfecting the hatching eggs of birds, using an antiseptic agent that is environmentally safe and cheap, and also has a prolonged bactericidal effect.

The technical result that can be obtained using the present invention is to increase the hatchability and safety of chickens by disinfecting the hatching eggs of birds using an environmentally friendly and cheaper antiseptic.

The technical result is achieved using a method for disinfecting hatching eggs and hatchery technological equipment, including treating their surface with an aqueous solution of a preparation based on a quaternary ammonium compound, which is used as ammonium trimethyloctadecyl bromide 0.05-0.1% aqueous solution, which is used to treat hatching eggs and incubation cabinets 2-3 hours before laying them for incubation, with the formation of a polymer protective film, while the aqueous solution of the drug additionally contains glutaraldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, and the polymer film is formed with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, while an aqueous solution of the drug is used at a temperature of 18-20°C with the following ratio of components in wt.%:

glutaraldehyde 10-13 alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20-30 quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 1-3 water rest

The essence of the method of disinfection of hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery is as follows.

The surface of hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery, as well as trays, carts, is treated with an aqueous solution of the drug, which is used as an aqueous solution of the drug based on a quaternary ammonium compound, while the latter is used trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 0.05-0.1% - an aqueous solution with which hatching eggs are treated 2-3 hours before laying them for incubation, with the formation of a polymeric protective film, moreover, the aqueous solution of the preparation additionally contains glutaraldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, and the polymeric protective film is formed with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, while an aqueous solution of the drug is used at a temperature of 18-20°C in the following ratio of components in wt.%:

glutaraldehyde 10-13 alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20-30 quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 1-3 water rest

Brief description of drawings and other materials

In FIG. the method of disinfection of hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery, the results of the hatching of hatching eggs and bacteriological examination of washings from the surface of the egg shell and technological equipment of incubators are given, table.

Implementation of the invention

Examples of a specific implementation of the method for disinfecting hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery.

Disinfection of hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery is carried out using the proposed method of disinfection of hatching eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery, by treating the surface of the hatching eggs and the inner walls of the incubation cabinets of the technological equipment of the hatchery, as well as trays, carts with an aqueous solution of the drug, which is used as an aqueous solution of the drug based on a quaternary ammonium compound, while the latter is used trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 0.05-0.1% aqueous solution, which is used to treat hatching eggs 2-3 hours before laying them for incubation and the inner walls of the incubation cabinets of the technological equipment of the hatchery , trays, carts, with the formation of a polymeric protective film, and the aqueous solution of the drug additionally contains glutaraldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, and the polymeric protective film is formed with a size of 0.1-0.5 nm, the aqueous solution is used at a temperature of 18-20°C with the following ratio of components in wt.%:

glutaraldehyde 10-13 alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20-30 quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 1-3 water rest

after which a thin polymeric protective film is formed on the objects of disinfection, which is formed with a size of 0.1-0.5 nm with the ability to protect eggs from the penetration of microbes during the entire period of incubation, and also disinfects the surface of the egg shell from pathogens of escherichiosis, salmonellosis, mycoplasmosis, streptococcosis , pseudomonosis, candidomycosis and staphylococcosis for the entire period of incubation.

The drug dissolves well in water, does not have an irritating, skin-resorptive and allergic effect, is non-toxic, without a pungent odor, does not cause corrosion of metal equipment, has a prolonged bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal effect for one month, in a hatchery, which compares favorably it from other drugs that do not have a prolonged bactericidal effect and are used in the form of water-alcohol solutions.

The drug has a pronounced bactericidal effect against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Its prolonged bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal action was established throughout the entire period of incubation, due to the formation of a thin polymer film on the treated surface, which serves as a barrier to microflora and has a bactericidal effect throughout the entire period of egg incubation.

EXAMPLE 1 Three batches of 1000 eggs each were selected for the processing of hatching eggs, which were placed in trays and then in trolleys.

The first batch of eggs, together with trays and trolleys, is treated once wet with a 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug at a temperature of 17 ° C with the formation of a polymer protective film 0.3-0.5 nm in size, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaric aldehyde 10%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride -20% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide - 1%; water is the rest.

The second batch of eggs is treated with a 0.1% solution of the drug at a temperature of 17 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 10%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride - 20% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide - 1%; water - the rest (see Fig. 1).

Wet processing of hatching eggs is carried out using a sprayer. An hour after treatment, hatching eggs placed in trays in carts are placed in incubators pre-treated with a 0.2% solution of this preparation.

The third batch of eggs (control) is treated six times with formaldehyde vapors: the 1st - 2 hours after laying, the 2nd - after sorting the eggs in the warehouse. 3rd - after sorting in the hatchery, 4th - 6 hours after the start of incubation, 5th - before transferring the embryos to the hatcher, 6th - in the hatchers. Incubators and technological equipment are treated with formaldehyde vapors.

Bacteriological control of washouts of the shell of incubated eggs is carried out before treatment, then 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation for E. coli, staphylococcus and salmonella in control.

Result: The bacteriological control of washings of the shell of incubated eggs after treatment, 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation, showed the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the control.

Example 2. Carried out similarly to example 1, also for the processing of hatching eggs of poultry, three batches of 1000 eggs each were selected, which were placed in trays, and then in carts, but the processing is carried out at the following ratio of components in wt.%.

The first batch of eggs, along with trays and carts, is treated once wet with a 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug at a temperature of 18 ° C, with the formation of a polymeric protective film 0.3-0.5 nm in size, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde - 11%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride - 22% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide - 2%; water - the rest (see Fig. 1).

The second batch of eggs is treated with a 0.1% solution of the drug at a temperature of 18 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film 0.1-0.5 nm in size, with the following ratio of components in wt%: hydrogen peroxide 10%, sodium bicarbonate -10 % and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium iodide - 40-50%; water - the rest (see table, fig.).

Wet processing of hatching eggs is carried out using a sprayer. Two hours after treatment, hatching eggs placed in trays in carts are placed in incubators pre-treated with a 0.2% solution of this preparation.

The third batch of eggs (control) is treated six times with formaldehyde vapors: the 1st - 2 hours after laying, the 2nd - after sorting the eggs in the warehouse. 3rd - after sorting in the hatchery, 4th - 6 hours after the start of incubation, 5th - before transferring the embryos to the hatcher, 6th - in the hatchers. Incubators and technological equipment are treated with formaldehyde vapors.

Result: Conducted bacteriological control of washouts of the shell of incubated eggs after treatment 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation for E. coli, staphylococcus aureus and salmonella did not identify causative agents of bacterial infection (see table 1).

Example 3. Carried out similarly to example 1, also for the processing of hatching poultry eggs, three batches of 1000 eggs each were selected, which were placed in trays and then in carts, but the processing is carried out at the following ratio of components in wt.%.

The first batch of eggs, along with trays and trolleys, is treated once wet with a 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug at a temperature of 19 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film 0.3-0.5 nm thick, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 11%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride -25% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide - 2%; water is the rest.

The second batch of eggs is treated with a 0.1% solution of the drug at a temperature of 19 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 11%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride - 25% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide - 2%; water is the rest.

Wet processing of hatching eggs is carried out using a sprayer. Two and a half hours after treatment, hatching eggs placed in trays in carts are placed in incubators pre-treated with a 0.2% solution of this preparation.

The third batch of eggs (control) is treated six times with formaldehyde vapors: the 1st - 2 hours after laying, the 2nd - after sorting the eggs in the warehouse. 3rd - after sorting in the hatchery, 4th - 6 hours after the start of incubation, 5th - before transferring the embryos to the hatcher, 6th - in the hatchers. Incubators and technological equipment are treated with formaldehyde vapors.

Result: Conducted bacteriological control of washouts of the shell of incubated eggs after treatment 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation for E. coli, staphylococcus and salmonella did not identify causative agents of bacterial infection.

Example 4. Carried out similarly to example 1, also for the processing of hatching eggs of poultry, three batches of 1000 eggs each were selected, which were placed in trays, and then in carts, but the processing is carried out at the following ratio of components in wt.%.

The first batch of eggs, along with trays and trolleys, is treated once wet with a 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug at a temperature of 20 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film 0.3-0.5 nm thick, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 10%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 3%; water - the rest (see figure 1).

The second batch of eggs is treated with a 0.1% solution of the drug at a temperature of 20 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 10%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20 % and a quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 3%; water - the rest (see Fig. 1).

Wet processing of hatching eggs is carried out using a sprayer. Three hours after treatment, hatching eggs placed in trays in carts are placed in incubators pre-treated with a 0.2% solution of this preparation.

The third batch of eggs (control) is treated six times with formaldehyde vapors: the 1st - 2 hours after laying, the 2nd - after sorting the eggs in the warehouse. 3rd - after sorting in the hatchery, 4th - 6 hours after the start of incubation, 5th - before transferring the embryos to the hatcher, 6th - in the hatchers. Incubators and technological equipment are treated with formaldehyde vapors.

Result: Conducted bacteriological control of washouts of the shell of incubated eggs after treatment 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation for E. coli, staphylococcus and salmonella did not identify causative agents of bacterial infection.

Example 5. Carried out similarly to example 1, also for the processing of hatching eggs of poultry, three batches of 1000 eggs each were selected, which were placed in trays, and then in carts, but the processing is carried out at the following ratio of components in wt.%.

The first batch of eggs, along with trays and trolleys, is treated once wet with a 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug at a temperature of 22 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film 0.3-0.5 nm thick, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 13%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 30% and quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 3%; water is the rest.

The second batch of eggs is treated with a 0.1% solution of the drug at a temperature of 22 ° C, with the formation of a polymer protective film with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, with the following ratio of components in wt%: glutaraldehyde 13%, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 30 % and a quaternary ammonium compound trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 3%; water is the rest.

Wet processing of hatching eggs is carried out using a sprayer. Three and a half hours after treatment, hatching eggs placed in trays in carts are placed in incubators pre-treated with a 0.2% solution of this preparation.

The third batch of eggs (control) is treated six times with formaldehyde vapors: the 1st - 2 hours after laying, the 2nd - after sorting the eggs in the warehouse. 3rd - after sorting in the hatchery, 4th - 6 hours after the start of incubation, 5th - before transferring the embryos to the hatcher, 6th - in the hatchers. Incubators and technological equipment are treated with formaldehyde vapors.

Result: The bacteriological control of washings of the shell of incubated eggs after treatment 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation for E. coli, staphylococcus and salmonella did not identify causative agents of bacterial infection, but the costs of carrying out the method of disinfection of incubation eggs and technological equipment of the hatchery increased.

Thus, examples 1, 2 and 3 are the most optimal, since bacteriological control of washings of the shell of incubated eggs is carried out before treatment, then 3, 12 and 18 days after the start of incubation for E. coli, staphylococcus and salmonella, which showed positive hatching results. hatching eggs and bacteriological examination of washings from the surface of the egg shell and are presented in Table 1. After a single sanitation of the hatching eggs of birds with a 0.05-0.1% solution of the drug, the surface of the egg shell was decontaminated from pathogens of bacterial infection, with the formation of a polymer protective film with a thickness 0.3-0.5 nm, while in the control, with 6-fold disinfection of eggs with formaldehyde vapor, pathogens of bacterial infection were isolated throughout the incubation.

The output of young birds in the experimental batch was 2.5 - 2.8% higher than in the control, the safety of broilers at 37 days was 2.1-2.3%, and the live weight in the experiment was 92-103 grams higher. Economic efficiency per 1 million incubated eggs is more than 500 thousand rubles.

The present invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- environmental Safety;

- low cost;

- disinfectant, has a prolonged bactericidal action;

- the possibility of using a disinfectant for the technological equipment of objects in the hatchery;

- increasing the output and productivity of broilers.

Claims (2)

A method for disinfecting hatching eggs and technological equipment of a hatchery, including treating their surface with a 0.05-0.1% aqueous solution of a preparation based on a quaternary ammonium compound, which is used as ammonium trimethyloctadecyl bromide, which is used to treat hatching eggs 2-3 hours before bookmarking them for incubation, with the formation of a polymeric protective film, characterized in that the drug additionally contains glutaraldehyde and 4 alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, and the polymer film is formed with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 nm, while an aqueous solution of the drug is used at a temperature of 18- 20°C at the following ratio of initial components, wt.%: glutaraldehyde 10-13 alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride 20-30 trimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide 1-3 water rest

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