RU2769835C1 - Device for measuring distance between cutting edges of frontal groups of teeth of upper and lower jaws before and after crepitus in temporomandibular joint - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medical equipment, namely to dentistry, and can be used for diagnosis of pathology and correction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) at various stages of treatment. Device for recording distance between cutting edges of frontal groups of teeth of upper and lower jaws before and after crepitus in temporomandibular joint is made with possibility of recording sound noises, converting the received audio signal into an electrical signal and decoding the obtained phonograms. Dentoalveolar retainer of the device comprises upper and lower dentoalveolar terminals and is configured to be connected to a distance recording analyzer for measuring the gap between the upper and lower jaws. Analyzer is connected through an interface unit to a personal computer (PC). Tiarama bridge for fixation of acoustic signals with temporomandibular joints is made with possibility of fixation on the bridge of the patient's nose. Acoustic signal transducers for detecting click noise can be arranged in the temporomandibular joint, fixed by means of tiarama clamps and are connected through a comparator to a device for interfacing with a PC.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of recording the distance between the upper and lower jaws using an automated device before and after the onset of click noise in the temporomandibular joint with information processing on a personal computer.

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Description

The present invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and can be used to diagnose pathology and correct TMJ at various stages of treatment.

To date, there are various devices for recording noises in TMJ diseases: auscultation with a stethophonendoscope, phonography, sound signal recording from the external auditory canal closed by an obturator, a device for measuring the width of the mouth opening in TMJ dysfunctions.

An analogue device is known for recording noise in TMJ diseases, including recording an audio signal from an external auditory canal closed by an obturator, where the audio signal is converted into an electrical signal and the electrical signal is recorded in a three-coordinate frequency-intensity-time system in the form of a dynamic spectrogram (RF patent No. 2157145, 2000.10.10). However, the distance between the upper and lower jaws before and after the pathological crunch in the temporomandibular joint is not fixed here.

A device is known for recording clicking noises in TMJ diseases by converting an audio signal into an electrical signal using a microphone mounted on the outer surface of the zygomatic process near the tragus of the ear, and recording it in two coordinates displayed on a computer. The disadvantages of this registration method include the lack of information in the diagnosis of noise registration.

Prototype

The device, taken as a prototype, establishes the presence of TMD. The device has the following principle of operation. With the help of an electronic Littmann stethoscope, sound noises are recorded, the received sound signal is converted into an electrical one, the received phonograms are decoded in the Sp mode - the amplitude of the flashes, the color of the sound wave in intensity from blue to red and its height are determined. Registration of noises of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is performed during one slow opening and closing of the mouth, and the vessels of the head and neck - with closed teeth. With the indicators of the TMJ phonogram in the Sp mode: amplitude 0.01 to 0.05, green-blue, not higher than the lower third of the scale, as well as opening the mouth more than 4 cm without signs of pathology on the TMJ radiograph, it is determined that the root cause of pain pathology is the usual hypermobility of the articular head of the temporomandibular joint ("Method of express diagnostics with an electronic stethoscope Littmann of the root causes of pain pathology of the head and neck" 2012110302/14.19.03.2012 Vysochanskaya Yulia Sergeevna.)

Criticism of the prototype

The disadvantages of the prototype are the lack of information in the analysis of the TMJ, by measuring the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws, and also due to the lack of monitoring of the clicking noise of the TMJ.

Purpose of the invention

The aim of the invention is the development of an automated device that allows you to register with high accuracy (up to 10 ^-3 meters) the distance between the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of a clicking noise in the TMJ, with information processing on a personal computer.

The essence of the invention

The device consists of 4 blocks

The structure of the TMJ clicking noise monitoring unit consists of: (Fig. 1)

Pos. 1 - Bioobject

Pos. 2 - Acoustic signal converter

Pos. 3 - Comparator

Pos. 4 - Interface block

Pos. 5 - PC

The structure of the block for fixing the intermaxillary distance consists of: (Fig. 2)

Pos. 1 - Bioobject

Pos. 6 - Dental fixator

Pos. 7 - Analyzer for distance registration

Pos. 4 - Interface block

Pos. 5 - PC

The structure of the dentoalveolar retainer: (Fig. 3)

Pos. 8 - tripod

Pos. 9 - Upper dentoalveolar terminal

Pos. 10 - Lower dentoalveolar terminal

Pos. 11 - Fixed base

Pos. 12 - Electronic block

Tiarama structure with acoustic signal transducers: (Fig. 4)

Pos. 2 - Acoustic signal converter

Pos. 13 - Bridge

Pos. 14 - Clips

The proposed device works as follows:

The doctor wipes the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws of the patient with an antibacterial solution. After that, the patient sits close to the table, on which the fixed base (Fig. 3, item 11) of the dentition (Fig. 3) is rigidly fixed. With the help of a tripod (Fig. 3 pos. 8) the required height is set to the patient's oral cavity. On the upper frontal group of the dentoalveolar row, the upper dentoalveolar clamp is installed using an adhesive material (Fig. 3, item 9), and on the lower group, the lower dentoalveolar terminal (Fig. 3, item 10). A tiaram is fixed on the patient's head (Fig. 4), the bridge (Fig. 4, item 13) of which is fixed on the bridge of the patient's nose. In the TMJ region, acoustic signal transducers are applied (Fig. 4, item 2), the position of which is fixed with clamps (Fig. 4, item 14). Next, the dentition is connected to the distance registration analyzer (Fig. 2, item 7) in order to measure the gap between the upper and lower jaws. After that, the analyzer for registering the distance through the interface unit (Fig. 2. pos. 4) transmits a signal to a personal computer (Fig. 2. pos. 5). An electrical impulse from the acoustic signal converter is fed to an electronic comparator (Fig. 1, pos. 3), which generates an output signal at a certain sharp increase in the noise level corresponding to the noise level of the pathological crunch of the TMJ. From the comparator, the signal is fed to the interface unit (Fig. 1. pos. 4) from the PC. The PC software synchronizes the incoming signals and fixes the desired distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws, with the output of information on the monitor and saving in the patient database.

An example of a specific implementation of the method.

Example 1

An example of a specific implementation of the method is given in a study on a patient: a man, age 32, no symptoms, no pathology of the TMJ. Determination of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of a click.

We install a dental fixator in the area of the upper and lower incisors and an acoustic signal converter in the TMJ area. When examining the TMJ, there is normally no clicking noise when the mouth is opened by 4.8 cm. As a result, the comparator does not work and the developed software fixes the absence of TMJ pathology.

The result obtained from the use of the device confirms the achievement of the goal.

Example 2

An example of a specific implementation of the method is given in a study on a patient: a woman, aged 57 years, with a symptom of a crunch in the TMJ area. Determination of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of a click. We install a dental fixator in the areas of the upper and lower incisors and an acoustic signal converter in the TMJ area. When examining the TMJ, a clicking noise is determined on a segment of 0.27 m.

The results obtained from the use of the device confirm the achievement of the goal.

Example 3

An example of a specific implementation of the method is given in a study on the patient: a man aged 71 with TMJ dysfunction. Determination of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of a click. We install a dental fixator in the areas of the upper and lower incisors and an acoustic signal converter in the TMJ area.

When examining the TMJ, a clicking noise is determined on a segment of 0.2 m.

The result obtained from the use of the device confirms the achievement of the goal.

Example 4

An example of a specific implementation of the method is given in a study on a patient: a woman aged 26 years with symptoms of crunching, pain when opening the mouth, pain in the temporal region. Determination of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of a click. We install a dental fixator in the areas of the upper and lower incisors and an acoustic signal converter in the TMJ area. When examining the TMJ, clicking noise is determined on a segment of 0.15 m.

Result

Thus, thanks to the developed device for fixing the clicking noise, the registration of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws is carried out synchronously.

The results of the study of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of the click confirm the achievement of the goal of the invention: obtaining accurate data on the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after the occurrence of the click, which are based on the study of the TMJ.

The result obtained from the use of the device confirms the achievement of the goal.

Features of the invention, distinguishing from the prototype

Prototype Features

Registration of sound noise after conversion of received sound signals from electrical ones. Registration of TMJ noises during one slow opening of the mouth, and vessels of the head and neck with closed teeth. During the study, it is determined that the root cause of pain pathology is the habitual hypermobility of the articular head.

Distinctive features of the invention:

Pos. 2 - Acoustic signal converter

Pos. 6 - Dental fixator

Pos. 7 - Analyzer for distance registration

Pos. 9 - Upper dentoalveolar terminal

Pos. 10 - Lower dental terminal

Distinctive features of the device are the use of a TMJ clicking noise monitoring unit, in which the acoustic signal converter captures a clicking crunch, the comparator operates precisely and sends a signal to the PC interface unit, and the analyzer for recording the distance of the intermaxillary distance fixation unit synchronously with the above process transmits accurate data to the PC interface unit. parameters of the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws.

The positive effect of the application of the invention

The proposed device will allow the development of guidelines in prosthetic dentistry in the treatment of TMJ.

Information taken into account

"Method of Express Diagnosis with an Electronic Littmann Stethoscope of the Root Cause of Head and Neck Pain Pathology". Vysochanskaya Yu.A. Patent No. 2012110302/14, 03/19/2012 - prototype

Claims (1)

A device for recording the distance between the cutting edges of the frontal groups of teeth of the upper and lower jaws before and after a crunch in the TMJ, made with the possibility of recording sound noises, converting the received sound signal into an electrical one and decoding the received phonograms, characterized in that it contains the upper and lower dentoalveolar terminals a dentoalveolar fixator configured to be connected to a distance recording analyzer for measuring the gap between the upper and lower jaws, connected via an interface unit with a PC, a tiaram for fixing acoustic signals from the TMJ, the bridge of which is designed to be fixed on the patient’s bridge of the nose, and acoustic signal transducers for registration of clicking noises is made with the possibility of placement in the TMJ area, fixation with tiarama clamps and connected through a comparator to a PC interface device.

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