RU2767525C1 - Ice generator on flat heat exchanger with electrophysical effect - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; refrigerating equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to refrigeration equipment. Ice generator on flat heat exchanger with electrophysical action comprises reservoir (1) divided by partitions (2, 3) with heat-insulating material into three reservoirs: reservoir (4) for water with heat exchanger (5), reservoir (6) for antifreeze with evaporator (7), and reservoir (8) for collection and melting of ice. In an antifreeze reservoir with an evaporator there is a unit for electrophysical action (21). Evaporator is made in the form of a coil-type tube. Heat exchanger is made in the form of several parallel hollow silicone plates. Piezoelectric ultrasound radiator (14) located in the water reservoir is provided for ice separation from the surface of the silicone plates. Ice transfer device (15) moves ice into reservoir (8) for collection and melting of ice, in which there installed is heater (10) connected to solar collector (11).

EFFECT: higher efficiency, lower power consumption of obtaining ice.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to refrigeration engineering and can be used in agriculture, namely in the agro-industrial complex and in heat accumulator systems, as well as for heating industrial and infrastructure facilities.

A heating system of a residential building is known, containing a pool located in the basement of the house, in which the water-ice-water system is located, a heat pump located with the possibility of cooling the air in the air layer located above the upper layer of water, and heating the air in the heated room (RF patent No. 2412401, IPC F24D 15/04, published on February 20, 2011. Bull. No. 5). The system comprises a water pump installed with the possibility of pumping water from the lower layer to the upper layer, and a fan installed with the possibility of pumping air through the exhaust pipe from the specified air layer into the atmosphere outside the house, while the specified air layer is additionally connected to the atmosphere.

The disadvantages of the known system is the high cost and complexity of manufacturing.

An ice generator and a method for generating ice are known, containing a heat exchanger, a source water supply system and an ice removal means, a closed circuit, which is formed by a container for accommodating source water and generated ice, a supply pipeline, a flow pump, a heat exchanger, a valve and an outlet pipe (RF patent No. 2454616, IPC F25C 1/12, F25C 5/18, published 06/27/2012, Bull. No. 18).

The disadvantages of the known ice generator is that the equipment allows you to get ice without using the energy of the water-ice phase transition, low productivity, operates in a periodic mode with high energy costs.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is an ice generation device that contains an elastic membrane, a pump, a nozzle, water, a housing, a refrigerant, a layer of water and ice flakes (RF patent No. 2490567, IPC F25C 1/00, F25C 1/12, published on August 20, 2013. Bulletin No. 23). In the device, water is supplied to the outer surface of the elastic membrane by a pump through a nozzle, which evenly irrigates the outer surface of the membrane. The membrane is installed on the housing, where the refrigerant is periodically supplied and removed. As a result of heat exchange through the membrane between water and refrigerant, part of the water freezes and ice flakes form on the membrane surface.

The disadvantages of the known device is that it operates in a periodic mode with high energy costs, without using the energy of the water-ice phase transition.

The technical objective of the present invention is the use of the energy of the water-ice phase transition for heating agricultural facilities, at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex and in heat accumulator systems, as well as for heating industrial and infrastructure facilities.

As a result of using the proposed invention, it becomes possible to obtain the energy of the water-ice phase transition and use it for heating agricultural facilities, at agro-industrial enterprises and in heat accumulator systems, as well as for heating industrial and infrastructure facilities, due to the fact that the ice generator is equipped with a container, refrigerant, evaporator, heat exchanger made of hollow silicone plates, compressor, condenser, throttle valve, solar collector, ice moving device, circulation pumps, allowing to obtain energy of the water-ice phase transition.

The above technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed ice generator on a flat heat exchanger with an electrophysical effect, containing a tank, a circulation pump, according to the invention, is equipped with an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve, a solar collector, a device for moving ice, while the ice generator tank is divided partitions with thermal insulation material into three tanks, a water tank with a heat exchanger, a tank for antifreeze with an evaporator, and a tank for collecting and melting ice, which are connected by pipes with circulation pumps for circulating antifreeze from the antifreeze tank with an evaporator into the hollow silicone plates of the heat exchanger, tanks for water with a heat exchanger, for circulating an ice-water mixture from a container for collecting and melting ice into a container for water with a heat exchanger, for circulating cold tap water into a container for collecting and melting ice, and in a container for antifreeze a block for electrophysical action is installed with the evaporator, which lowers the freezing point of antifreeze, increasing the amount of energy received from the water-ice phase transition, and the evaporator is made in the form of a coil-type tube, and the heat exchanger is made in the form of several, parallel-mounted, hollow silicone plates, on the surface of which ice, and antifreeze circulates inside it to transfer the energy of the water-ice phase transition to the heat exchanger of the consumer, to separate ice from the surface of the plates, a piezoelectric ultrasound emitter is provided, which, using an ice moving device, moves to a container for collecting and melting ice, in which a heater is installed connected to a solar collector.

To obtain and use the energy of the water-ice phase transition in the proposed ice maker, the heat exchanger is made in the form of several hollow silicone plates, in which antifreeze circulates, on the surface of which ice is formed, which is easily separated from the surface of the silicone plates by exposure to a piezoelectric ultrasound emitter. A heater connected to a solar collector is used as a heat source for melting ice.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the general scheme of the ice maker on a flat heat exchanger with electrophysical action.

The ice maker on a flat heat exchanger with an electrophysical effect consists of a tank 1 covered with a heat-insulating material to reduce heat exchange with the environment. Tank 1 is divided by partitions 2 and 3, also covered with heat-insulating material, into three tanks. Tank 4 with heat exchanger 5 is filled with water. Tank 6 with evaporator 7 is filled with antifreeze. Container 8 is a container for collecting and melting the formed ice and obtaining a water-ice mixture. Moreover, the height of partition 2 between containers 4 and 8 does not reach the upper edge of container 1, the height of partition 3 between containers 6 and 4 reaches the upper edge of container 1. The antifreeze used can be a NaCl salt solution with a concentration of 20%, but is not limited to it.

At the same time, tanks 4 and 8 are connected by a circulation pump to a tube 9 for pumping the water-ice mixture from tank 8 to tank 4, which was formed during the melting of ice using a heater 10 installed in tank 8, which is connected to a solar collector 11.

In the tank 4 there is a heat exchanger 5 in the form of plates, in which antifreeze circulates. The heat exchanger 5 is made in the form of hollow silicone plates, which are parallel to each other. The heat exchanger 5 can be made, in particular, of silicone rubbers, styrene-butadiene rubbers, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene glycol acetate. The examples given do not limit the list of materials that can be used as a heat exchanger.

Cold tap water is continuously supplied to tank 8 from tank 12 by means of a circulation pump with tube 13. Moreover, the temperature of cold water in the water supply network during the heating period is 5°C; in the non-heating period - 15 ° C (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 306 dated 05/23/2006 (as amended on 04/16/2013) "On approval of the Rules for establishing and determining standards for the consumption of utilities").

Excess water-ice mixture from the tank 8 is pumped to the consumer, for example, to cool milk, or to cool the premises of agricultural facilities (not indicated in the drawing).

The ice formed on the surface of the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5 is easily separated by means of a piezoelectric ultrasound emitter 14 installed in the container 4, and comes off the surface of the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5. Since the density of ice is less than the density of water, the ice rises up in the container 4, with ice moving device 15 installed on the partition 2, the ice moves and falls into the container 8. The ice moving device 15 can be represented as a rotating auger, or other device. Also, to move the ice, the partition 2 can move in a vertical plane.

The received energy of the water-ice phase transition is accumulated inside the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5 and in the form of liquid hot antifreeze with a temperature of 65°C is sent to the heat exchanger of the consumer 16 using a circulation pump with a tube 17. The spent antifreeze is returned to the tank 6.

Tank 6 and tank 4 are connected by a circulation pump to tube 17 for pumping antifreeze from tank 6 to silicone plates of heat exchanger 5 of tank 4.

In the tank 6 there is a coil-type evaporator 7 in which the refrigerant circulates. The refrigerant used may be R410a freon, but is not limited to it.

Compressor 18, condenser 19, and throttle valve 20 are located on the outside of tank 1 on the side of tank with antifreeze 6.

In the condenser 19, heat is taken in and supplied to the consumer (position not shown in the drawing). The consumer can be, for example, the heating system of an agricultural facility, as well as industrial and infrastructure facilities.

A unit for electrophysical action 21 is installed in the tank 6, which lowers the freezing point of the saline solution (antifreeze), which then enters the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5, to increase the amount of frozen ice on its surface and, thereby, increasing the amount of energy received from the phase transition water - ice.

The ice generator works on a flat heat exchanger with an electrophysical effect as follows.

When freon enters the evaporator 7 of the tank 6, it evaporates, as a result of which the released heat is absorbed by the antifreeze of the tank 6. The compressor 18 pumps out the freon vapor from the evaporator 7 of the tank 6 and pumps them into the condenser 19. In the condenser 19, the freon vapor is cooled, condensed and transferred to liquid state, while the released heat is taken and supplied to the consumer (position not shown in the drawing). The consumer can be, for example, the heating system of an agricultural facility, as well as industrial and infrastructure facilities.

Further, liquid freon is fed through the throttle valve 20 to the evaporator 7 of the tank 6. At the inlet of the freon to the evaporator 7 of the tank 6, its pressure drops from the condensation pressure to the freon boiling pressure, the freon boils, entering the evaporator tube 7, the freon boils, the energy required for boiling , in the form of thermal energy, is taken from the surface of the evaporator 7, cooling the coiled tube of the evaporator 7. The freon circulation cycle is closed.

Cooled antifreeze temperature -20°C from the tank 6 is pumped into the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5 of the tank 4 by the circulation pump 17, which is filled with water. Tanks 6 and 4 are completely covered by partition 3.

In the tank 4 with water there is a heat exchanger 5 made of silicone plates, in which antifreeze circulates. When the cooled antifreeze enters the heat exchanger 5 of the tank 4, ice forms on the surface of the silicone plates as a result of a decrease in temperature. At the same time, due to the formation of energy of the water-ice phase transition, heat is simultaneously released, which is absorbed by the antifreeze of the heat exchanger 5 of the tank 4, the liquid antifreeze is heated to a temperature of 65 ° C and transferred to the consumer heat exchanger 16 using a circulation pump with a tube 17. The spent antifreeze in the form liquid is supplied to container 6. The antifreeze circulation cycle is closed.

The heating system of the premises of an agricultural facility, as well as industrial and infrastructure facilities, can act as a consumer 16.

On the surface of the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5 of the container 4, ice is formed, the thickness of which should not exceed 3.5 cm, which is easily separated by the action of a piezoelectric ultrasound emitter 14. As a result of the fact that the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5 of the container 4 are elastic, the resulting ice is detached from the surface of the heat exchanger plates 5. Since the density of ice is less than the density of water, the ice rises up in the tank 4, with the help of the ice moving device 15, the ice moves, and falls through the partition 2 into the tank 8. The water level in the tank 4 is maintained by the flow of melted water (hydro-ice mixture) from tank 8 by circulation pump 9, and supply of cold tap water to tank 8 from tank 12 using circulation pump 13. Excess water-ice mixture from tank 8 can also be used to cool, for example, milk, or to cool the premises of agricultural facilities not shown in the drawing).

A heating element 10 is installed in the tank 8, which is connected to the solar collector 11. As a result of heating, the ice melts, turns into a liquid state (at a temperature of 0-1 ° C), and is pumped from the tank 8 to the tank 4 using the circulation pump 9. Into the tank 4, cold tap water is continuously supplied from the tank 12 by the circulation pump 13. The cold tap water circulation cycle is closed.

A unit for electrophysical action 21 is installed in the tank 6, which lowers the freezing point of the saline solution (antifreeze), which then enters the silicone plates of the heat exchanger 5, to increase the amount of frozen ice on its surface and, thereby, increasing the amount of energy received from the phase transition water - ice.

A microwave generator (magnetron frequency 2450 MHz, rated power - 800 W, duration 120 s, solution volume 50 ml) can be used as a block for electrophysical influence 21, which lowers the freezing point of a eutectic solution with a concentration of 23.1% from -21.2 to -25°C, and a solution with a concentration of 20% - from -16.6 to -18.5°C. Also, as a block for electrophysical action 21, an electro-hydraulic installation can be used (voltage 35 kV, electric capacitance 0.2 μF, air gap distance 10 mm, between electrodes 10 mm, shape of the electrodes "point-plane", 1000 discharges, volume 2.5 l), with electro-hydraulic action on a 20% solution, a decrease in the freezing point from -16.6 to -19 ° C is observed.

The proposed technical solution can be used to create heat pumps using the energy of the water-ice phase transition for heating agricultural facilities, as well as to obtain a water-ice mixture for cooling products in agricultural production, for example, freshly milked milk.

Claims (1)

Ice maker on a flat heat exchanger with an electrophysical effect, containing a container, a circulation pump, characterized in that it is equipped with an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve, a solar collector, an ice moving device, while the container of the device is divided by partitions with heat-insulating material into three containers , a water tank with a heat exchanger, an antifreeze tank with an evaporator, and a tank for collecting and melting ice, which are connected by pipes with circulation pumps for circulating antifreeze from the antifreeze tank with an evaporator to the silicone plates of the water tank with a heat exchanger, for circulating the water-ice mixture from containers for collecting and melting ice into a container for water with a heat exchanger, for circulating cold tap water into a container for collecting and melting ice, and a unit for electrophysical action is installed in the container for antifreeze with an evaporator, which lowers the freezing temperature antifreeze, increasing the amount of energy received from the water-ice phase transition, and the evaporator is made in the form of a coil-type tube, and the heat exchanger is made in the form of several parallel hollow silicone plates, on the surface of which ice forms, and antifreeze circulates inside it to transfer the energy of the phase transition water-ice to the heat exchanger of the consumer, to separate the ice from the surface of the silicone plates, a piezoelectric ultrasound emitter is provided, located in the tank, which, using an ice moving device, moves to the tank for collecting and melting ice, in which a heater connected to the solar collector is installed.

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