RU2767208C1 - Mobile snow melting plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for cleaning streets, roads and in-house sites from snow mass and can be used in municipal services of cities and settlements, at transport and industrial enterprises. Mobile snow-melting plant contains a snow-melting chamber with a thermal panel and thermal insulation along the outer housing, a two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer and a hydraulic pump with an electric drive. Installation also includes a power supply, a running gear, a detachable grid, a control unit with a liquid level sensor, sludge, foam and pure water discharge pipes. Inside the installation there is an ion-exchange chamber located after the hydrocyclone-oxidizer, which is equipped with a continuous irrigation nozzle. Ion-exchange chamber is made in the form of two truncated cones connected by small diameters, with a rotating shaft inside the housing, on which in the upper cone there are rotation blades, in the lower cone there are distribution blades, and under them there is a perforated separator. In the upper cone in the zone of rotation blades there is a tangential branch pipe for liquid supply. Ion-exchange chamber is made in the form of a unit containing two replaceable ion-exchange cassettes, one of which is located in the zone of the continuous irrigation nozzle. On the side wall of the ion-exchange cassettes there is a guide annular projection corresponding to the inner groove on the walls of the ion-exchange chamber, and movement of the replaceable cassettes is carried out along freely rotating rollers. Also, the ion-exchange chamber has doors on both sides, which are equipped on the inner surface with elastic seals and fixing lever-splined locks.

EFFECT: use of the invention makes it possible to improve the quality of cleaning the collected snow masses, to increase the efficiency and economy of the cleaning process and to improve the operational characteristics of the installation.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The proposed device relates to equipment for cleaning streets, roads and indoor areas from snow mass and can be used in public utilities of cities and towns, transport and industrial enterprises.

Known devices for cleaning and forced melting of the collected snow masses (RF patent No. 44690 dated March 27, 2005, bull. No. 9. IPC VO4S5 / 00, CO2F 1/38).

The proposed device has the following disadvantages: the cleaning process is very slow, due to the successive repeated settling of purified water, low quality cleaning due to the presence of oils and petroleum products in the water.

The device according to (RF patent No. 108459 dated September 20, 2011 Bull. No. 30, IPC B045 / 00, CO2F 1/38) is a unit for melting the collected snow using a microwave inductor, without the use of cleaning methods.

A device is known (patent for invention No. 2695676 dated July 25, 2019, bull. No. 21) “Mobile snow melting plant”, in which there is a snow melting chamber with a thermal panel and a thermal insulation layer, a two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer is used for water purification, there is a hydraulic pump and an autonomous electric drive with power supply, control unit and running gear. This device is accepted by us as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows: the device purifies water after melted snow from suspended solids and organic compounds in the form of oils and petroleum products due to oxidation with ozone, but the dissolved components are not removed. An analysis of the composition of snow cover in cities (Kazan, Almetievsk, Nizhnekamsk, etc.) showed that heavy metal compounds present in the snow cover in the form of hydroxides and salts are of great danger. The content of cadmium Cd, copper Cu, lead Pd, nickel Ni, cobalt Co, zinc Zn, manganese Mn, chromium Cr was revealed.

The concentration of the noted substances is especially high at street intersections, where there is a large accumulation of cars, the engine of which is operating in off-design modes or at idle. The technical result that the proposed device is aimed at is to improve the quality of cleaning the collected snow masses through the implementation of mechanical, chemical and ion-exchange methods, to increase the efficiency and economy of the process and to improve the operational characteristics of the apparatus.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed mobile snow-melting installation, containing a snow-melting chamber with a thermal panel and thermal insulation along the outer casing, a two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer, an electric hydraulic pump, a power source, a chassis, a removable grill, a control unit with a liquid level sensor, branch pipes removal of sludge, foam and clean water, inside the unit there is an ion exchange chamber located after the hydrocyclone-oxidizer, equipped with a continuous irrigation nozzle, which is made in the form of two truncated cones connected by small diameters, with a rotating shaft inside the nozzle body, on the shaft in the upper cone are located rotation blades, in the lower cone of the distribution blade, there is a perforated separator under them, and in the upper cone, in the area of the rotation blades there is a tangential liquid supply pipe, the ion exchange chamber is made in the form of a block containing two replaceable ion exchange cassettes with ion exchanger, one of which is located in the zone of the continuous irrigation nozzle, the movement of replaceable cassettes is carried out along freely rotating rollers, on the side wall of the ion-exchange cassettes there is a guide annular ledge corresponding to the inner groove on the walls of the ion-exchange chamber. The ion-exchange chamber has doors on both sides, equipped on the inner surface with elastic seals and locking lever-slotted locks.

The proposed device is shown in Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, where

figure 1 - General scheme of the snow-melting installation;

fig. 2 – diagram of the ion exchange chamber;

figure 3 - lever-slotted lock;

fig. 4 – diagram of the door of the ion-exchange chamber;

fig. 5 - rotary bar of the lock;

fig. 6 - layout of ion-exchange cassettes.

Here: 1 - snow melter, 2 - thermal panel, 3 - thermal insulation layer, 4 - removable grill, 5 - ozonator, 6 - pollution (sludge) collection tank, 7 - hydraulic pump, 8 - two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer, 9 - control unit with liquid level sensor, 10 – electric motor, 11 – power supply, 12 – running gear, 13 – ion exchange chamber, 14 – roller, 15 – ion exchange chamber body, 16 – guide annular protrusion, 17 – ion exchange cassette body, 18 – ion exchanger, 19 - protrusions, 20 - perforated separator, 21 - distributor blades, 22 - nozzle housing, 23 - top cover, 24 - shaft blades, 25 - rotation units, 26 - shaft, 27 - inlet pipe, 28 - ion exchange chamber door, 29 - lower bottom, 30 - purified water outlet pipe, 31 - lock body, 32 - flexible jumpers, 33 - rotary cam, 34 - slotted linings, 35 - elastic seals, 36 - rotary bar, 37 - slots.

The mobile snow melting plant 1 is a single mobile structure with a running gear 12. The space of the installation 1, intended for collecting snow mass, has a thermal panel 2 and is equipped with a thermal insulation layer 3. In the upper part of the space for collecting snow there is a removable grate 4. The space under the removable grate is occupied elements and assemblies necessary for the operation of the unit: 5 - ozonizer, 6 - pollution (sludge) collection tank, 7 - hydraulic pump, 8 - two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer, 9 - control unit with liquid level sensor, 10 - electric motor, 11 - power source . In the end part of the installation there is an ion-exchange chamber 13, in which two ion-exchange cassettes 17 are placed. In the upper part of the chamber 13, above one of the cassettes 17, there is a nozzle 22, which is attached to the top cover 23. The body of the nozzle 22 consists of two cones connected by small diameters . In the upper part of the upper cone, a tangential inlet pipe 27 is equipped. Inside the nozzle 22, a shaft 26 is coaxially located, which rotates in the nodes of rotation 25. On the shaft 26, in the area of the tangential the lower cone has distributor blades 21. In the lower cone of the nozzle body 22, along the diameter of the lower cut, there is a perforated separator 20. Under the separator there is a body of the ion-exchange chamber 15, in which two ion-exchange cassettes 17 are installed, one of which is located coaxially under the nozzle 22. cassettes 17 are cylindrical containers in the form of a glass, consisting of a body 17, inside which there is an ion-exchange filling in the form of granules 18. On the side wall of the body there is a guide annular protrusion 16 corresponding to the inner groove on the side walls of the ion-exchange chamber 15. Above the lower bottom of the chamber 29 freely rotating rollers 14 are located. Chamber seals 15 have doors 28. On the inner surface of each door 28 there are elastic seals 35, made in the form of an arc of a circle of the cassette 17. Each door 28 is equipped with a lever-slotted lock, which consists of a lock body 31 having flexible jumpers 32 with slotted pads 34 A rotary cam 33 is installed above the jumpers 32. On the side wall of the body of the ion exchange chamber 15, on the ledge 19, there is a rotary bar 36 with slots 37. The ion exchange chamber 15 has a lower bottom 29 with a pipe for removing purified water 30.

Mobile snow melting installation works as follows. Snow mass is collected in the snow collection bunker of the installation 1 and the heating mode is switched on on the control unit 9 from the thermal panel 2 power source. electric motor 10, the hydraulic pump 7 begins to work, pumping melted snow water through a two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer. The oxidizing agent - ozone O ₃ is supplied from the ozonizer 5. Water, passing through the device 8, is purified from suspended pollutants, oils and petroleum products. The retained pollutants are collected in the tank 6. Further, the water purified at the first stage in the device 8 is pumped by the pump 7 through the inlet pipe 27 in the body of the ion exchange chamber 13. The ion exchange chamber, before starting the installation, is filled with two ion exchange cassettes 17, which contain ion-exchange filling 18. Ion-exchange cassettes 17 are installed through the open doors 28, using the lock 31 when the cam 33 is turned and the strap 36 is released from spline connections 34 and 37. The presence of annular protrusions 16 ensures the correct installation of the cassettes 17, and the rollers 14 ensure the smooth movement of the cassettes 17 After installing the cassettes 17 in the chamber 13, the doors 28 are closed and using the strips 36 and spline connections 34 and 37, turning the cam 33 ensures a reliable blocking of the cassettes 17. The presence of elastic seals 35 provides a tight clamping of the cassettes and eliminates possible movement during transportation, using the running gear 12 .pre-cleaned i, water is supplied by pump 7 through pipe 27 to nozzle body 22. The supply is organized tangentially, water enters the blades of shaft 24 and shaft 26 begins to spin at the rotation nodes 25. Further, the water flow enters the lower part of the nozzle, where it enters the distributor blades 21 , fixed on the shaft and evenly distributed over the perforated separator 20. The separator 20 provides uniform irrigation of the entire surface of the ion-exchange bed 18 in the cassette 17, eliminating the formation of stagnant zones. Water, passing through the borders of backfill 18, due to ion exchange, is cleared of pollutants (ions of heavy metals, hydroxides, etc.) and is discharged through pipe 30. Purified water can be used for technical needs, or drained into a public sewer. During the operation of a mobile snow-melting plant, the exchange capacity of the ion-exchange filling 18 can be exhausted, and in order to avoid “overshoot”, it is necessary to replace the working cassette 17.

Replacing the cassette 17 is carried out by opening the door 28 using a lever-slotted lock. The used cassette, which has exhausted its ion-exchange resource, is removed, a spare cassette located in the chamber 13 is moved in its place, and a new cassette is installed in its place. Next, close the doors in reverse order. The used cassette is directed to the regeneration of the ion exchanger.

Thus, using a mobile snow melting unit, it is possible to improve the quality of cleaning of the collected snow masses, to achieve an increase in the efficiency and economy of the cleaning process, and to improve the operational characteristics of the apparatus.

Claims (1)

Mobile snow melting plant, containing a snow melting chamber with a thermal panel and thermal insulation along the outer casing, a two-stage hydrocyclone-oxidizer, an electric hydraulic pump, a power source, a running gear, a removable grille, a control unit with a liquid level sensor, sludge, foam and clean water discharge pipes, different by the fact that inside the unit there is an ion-exchange chamber located after the hydrocyclone-oxidizer, equipped with a continuous irrigation nozzle, which is made in the form of two truncated cones connected by small diameters, with a rotating shaft inside the housing, on which rotation blades are located in the upper cone, in the lower cone distribution blades, and under them there is a perforated separator, in the upper cone in the area of the rotation blades there is a tangential liquid supply pipe, while the ion-exchange chamber is made in the form of a block containing two replaceable ion-exchange cassettes, one of which is located in the area of the continuous irrigation nozzle i, on the side wall of the ion-exchange cassettes there is a guide annular protrusion corresponding to the inner groove on the walls of the ion-exchange chamber, the movement of replaceable cassettes is carried out along freely rotating rollers, and the ion-exchange chamber also has doors on both sides, equipped with elastic seals on the inner surface and fixing lever-slotted locks .

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