RU2757893C1 - Device for indication of air flow distribution by air flow regulator of gas dynamic type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of forced-type mechanical ventilation, namely to devices for indicating the amount of air flow. Self-regulating mechanical ventilation network with indicator automatic air flow control device, which contains a device for outside air intake, a fan, air distributors, air flow control devices, tees, main branch and branches. Instead of the existing devices and methods of control over the regulation of air flow in the main and in the branches of the air duct network, as well as control in the premises of the complex storage arsenal, an indication air flow controller of the gas-dynamic type is proposed, the principle of operation of which is based on the features of the distribution of air flows in the tee, which provides automatic control air consumption and the formation of a control signal, which is displayed on the dashboard.

EFFECT: objective of the invention is to display the air flow rate on the dashboard, when the mechanical ventilation network is operating, through the use of a device that allows generating a signal from the gas-dynamic type air flow controller.

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Description

1. The field of technology to which the utility model belongs

Usage: the invention relates to the field of forced-type mechanical ventilation, namely to indication devices for air flow control.

2. State of the art

Indication of a change in the flow rate of the supplied air into the main branch of the ventilation network requires additional forces and means to monitor the status in a particular room (for example, a ventilation control system - a panel with automation). The installation of indication systems implies the installation of additional elements (servo drives, flow sensors, a system for ensuring the operation of automation). Taking into account this need, numerous efforts have been and are being made to develop appropriate indicators of changes in the flow rate of the supplied air ("Automation module" RU 102980 U1 - application: 2010112273/08, 2010.03.31; "Structured monitoring and control system of engineering systems of buildings and structures ";" Laboratory test bench of automatic control devices for ventilation systems).

Of the listed methods of control, in the first case, organizational problems arise, and in the second case, significant capital investments are required.

In order to minimize costs and optimize the work of the material and service personnel, instead of the existing devices and methods for indicating the air flow rate in the room, a gas-dynamic type air flow device is proposed, the principle of which is based on the peculiarities of the distribution of air flows in the tee. The content of this early patent application is incorporated in its entirety into this application by reference (application 2018138424, 2018.10.30, RF patent for invention No. 270950).

3. The essence of the invention

Taking into account the above problems with the indicators known from the prior art, the present invention sets the task of creating a self-adjusting air regulator of the gas-dynamic type, which, depending on the magnitude and direction of the resulting aerodynamic moment, changes the angle of rotation of the axle with the transfer clutch and allows you to create a control signal for regulating the ventilation system with indication on the instrument panel.

Description of the invention: during the operation of the ventilation network, it becomes necessary to organize the control of the amount of supplied air in the room. The schematic diagram of air supply to the premises is shown in figure 1. The schematic diagram contains: 1 - a device for intake of outside air; 2 - fan; 3 - air distributor; 4 - serviced premises; 5 - device for regulating the flow rate of the supplied air; 6 - tee; 7 - main branch; 8 - branch. In this case, devices are used, the adjustment of which is carried out manually or by automatic regulation [1].

An indicator that controls the flow rate of the amount of gas-dynamic air, the schematic diagram of which is shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, depending on the magnitude and direction of the resulting aerodynamic moment created by the air flow, the angle of rotation of the axis 25 with the clutch changes and thereby allows the signal to be sent to the indication panel providing control and monitoring. The panel can be portable, mobile or stationary.

A fragment of an air duct with an air flow indicator is shown in figure 5, and the design of the device is shown in figure 6. In the tee 22 on the axis - 25 are rigidly mounted: plate - 26, impeller - 27 and transfer coupling - 24. Axle - 25 is fixed on 2 bearings slides - 23 which are located in the wall of the tee - 1 and in the branch of the tee 28.

The essence of the invention of the claimed effect of indexing the air flow rate is to send a signal about an emergency situation in the room to the control panel of the regulator.

According to the air movement pattern (see figure 2, 3, 4 and 6), the air flow, acting on the plate - 26, creates a torque M1 relative to the axis - 25 equal to

where c _x is the coefficient of the aerodynamic shape of the plate; R is the radius of the plate; ρ is the air density; υ _v - axial flow velocity in the tee shaft; β is the angle of rotation of the plate on the axis.

The rotational component of the flow of the moment of momentum - M ₂ , created by the impeller - 27 on the axis, is equal to:

where R is the channel radius; r - current radius; ρ is the air density; υ _ϕ is the rotational component of the flow velocity created by the flow in the branch of the tee at the axial velocity V3.

When air moves in the tee, the impeller is -27 and the plate is -26. rigidly mounted on the axis - 25, create oppositely directed torques M1 and M2.

If the torques M1 and M2 are equal, the axis with the transfer clutch - 24 will be in a stationary position. A change in the ratio between the torques will lead to a rotation of the axis - 25 with the transfer clutch - 24 in the direction with a large moment. By turning the transfer clutch, it is possible to regulate air flows in other parts of the serviced ventilation network or in another system by either direct rotation of the throttle valve, or by changing the value of the electrical signal on the servo drive of the regulating device.

The presented design makes it possible to replace the installed complex and expensive ventilation indication systems with sensors located in industrial premises where controlled ventilation is required.

Depending on the magnitude and direction of the resulting moment, the angle of rotation of the axis changes - 25 with the transfer clutch - 24 and allows you to create a control signal to regulate the ventilation system and output them to the dashboard.

The experimental setup shown in FIG. 7 has been successfully tested and proven to work.

4. Conclusion

The answer to the question about the need for a large-scale transition to mechanical exhaust ventilation in industrial buildings is positive, and its combination with an indication of a change in the flow rate of the supplied air into the main branch of the ventilation network requires the need to control the amount of air supplied to the production premises and the complex storage arsenal workshops.

To date, the following requirements have been identified for the microclimate of the industrial premises of the complex storage arsenal:

- the concept of "harmfulness of premises" includes a large set of indicators: carbon monoxide (combustion products), nitrogen oxides, biological pollutants, inorganic volatile compounds, radon, human odors, formaldehydes, household chemicals, powder particles in complex storage arsenals, etc. .d .;

- ensuring the conditions of the microclimate of the room includes averaged data for large groups of people, as well as the individual needs of each person, that is, ventilation systems should provide for the possibility of individual regulation of microclimate parameters within the regulatory range;

- when designing ventilation systems, it is necessary to focus not only on neutralizing permanent disturbances, but also take into account short-term changes in disturbances.

Air consumption indexing consists in signaling an emergency situation in the production room of the complex storage arsenal to the control panel that regulates the air supply to the main ventilation branch.

Claims (1)

A self-regulating mechanical ventilation network with an indicator gas-dynamic type air flow regulator, containing a device for taking outside air, a fan, air distributors, devices for regulating the flow of supplied air, tees, a main branch, is distinguished by the fact that it has an indicator gas-dynamic type air flow controller that changes the angle of rotation axles with a transfer clutch, depending on the magnitude and direction of the resulting aerodynamic moment, and allows you to create a control signal for regulating the ventilation system, which is transmitted to the instrument panel to signal a malfunction in production premises.

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