RU2754982C1 - Plucked musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: musical instruments.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of musical instruments, particularly to the class of folk stringed plucked instruments, constituting a variety of designs of musical instruments of the Altai topshuur type. The plucked musical instrument includes an acoustic body with a resonator, a fretboard, with a nut, frets and strings attached thereto, wherein the fretboard is additionally equipped with a board, wherein interconnected cut channels are made on the lower, upper and side surfaces of said board, channels inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the fretboard are made on the lower surface, channels perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fretboard are made on the upper surface, vertical channels are made on the sides for laying a continuous synthetic thread, e.g. nylon, forming frets on the outer surface of the board, therein, wherein loops are made at both ends of the thread for attaching the thread to the board, e.g., using a pin. The inclined and vertical cut channels of the board are made with a depth of 1.0 to 1.25 of the thickness of the thread, and the cut channels located perpendicularly relative to the longitudinal axis of the fretboard are made with a depth of 0.45 to 0.55 of the thickness of the thread.

EFFECT: achieving a soft tone quality of the strings without distortion while maintaining authenticity, preventing hands and fingers of the performer from being held back by the protruding parts of the synthetic thread located on the fretboard, and simplifying formation of frets on the fretboard.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of musical instruments, in particular to the class of folk stringed plucked instruments, being a variety of designs of musical instruments such as the Altai topshur.

A well-known musical instrument - dombra vector see Dombra men besik Gazaqy toi gazaqytoi.kz Okaldy, consisting of a body with a socket, a soundboard with a saddle, a stand and a neck fixed to the body with a head, pegs, frets and two synthetic strings. The frets are made in the form of metal rods fixed in the grooves of the neck at a certain distance from each other.

The disadvantages of the well-known musical instrument include the coarse timbre of the sound of the strings, which limits the possibilities of performing musical works, reduces their saturation, completeness of perception and originality.

A known musical instrument with which you can reproduce and extract a softer timbre of sound, see the Conservatory of the Caucasus, Vestnik Kavkaza vestikavkaza.ru Tar - a stringed plucked instrument - a prototype consisting of an acoustic body with a saddle, a soundboard, a support for strings and a neck fixed to the body with head, tuning pegs, frets and strings. The frets are made in the form of closed synthetic rings covering the neck, mainly of nylon thread, fixed in the grooves of the neck at a certain distance from each other.

The disadvantages of the well-known musical instrument with synthetic thread frets include the difficulty of moving the palm along the back of the neck due to protruding knots on the thread (line) and moving the fingers along the fretboard when choosing the right fret and extracting the desired sound. In addition, in the process of playing such an instrument, the frets may shift along the plane of the neck, which introduces fake sounds into the sound of a musical work.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, in particular to obtain a soft timbre of sounding the strings without distortion while preserving the originality, preventing delays of the performer's palm and fingers by the protruding parts of the synthetic thread (fishing line) located on the neck and simplifying the formation of frets on the neck.

The delivered technical result is achieved by using well-known features common with the prototype, including an acoustic body with a resonator attached to it, a neck with a nut, frets and strings, and new features, consisting in the fact that the neck is additionally equipped with a fingerboard, on the lower, upper and side surfaces of which are made channels-slots connected to each other, on the bottom - oblique, at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the upper - perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the sides - vertical for laying in the channels-slots of a continuous synthetic thread, for example, nylon, forming on the outer surface of the fret lining, in this case, loops are made at both ends of the thread for fixing it on the inner side of the lining using, for example, pins or screws.

The inclined and vertical channels-slots of the lining are made with a depth equal to 1.0-1.25 of the thread thickness, and the channels-slots located perpendicularly relative to the longitudinal axis of the neck in depth are made equal to 0.45-0.55 of the thread thickness.

Connections of channels-slots - inclined with lateral vertical and vertical with external, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck, are made with roundings with a radius equal to 0.2-1.5 of the thread thickness.

The fretboard with synthetic thread fixed in the channel-slots is fixed to the neck with glue or with the help of connecting elements such as pins or screws.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is the presence of an additional lining on the neck, on the lower, upper and side surfaces of which there are channels-slots connected to each other, on the lower - inclined, at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the upper - perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the lateral sides - vertical for laying a continuous synthetic thread, for example, nylon on the outer surface of the lining, in the channel-slots, while loops are made at both ends of the thread for fixing it on the inner side of the lining using, for example, pins or screws ...

Thus, the presence of an additional lining on the neck, on the lower, upper and side surfaces of which channels-slots connected to each other are made, allows the thread to be placed around the fingerboard without the formation of protrusions of the thread and its knots on the lower and side surfaces of the neck, without interfering with the movement of the performer's hand and fingers on the neck.

The execution of channels-slots, on the bottom - oblique, at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the upper - perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the sides - vertical - allows you to use a single solid synthetic thread to form frets, successively passing (laying and pulling) it along the channels-slots and passing along the inclined channels-slots from one fret to another, greatly simplifying the execution of the frets on the neck of a musical instrument.

Making loops from both ends of the thread to fix it on the inner surface of the lining using, for example, pins or screws - allows you to lay the thread with the required tension and fix it in a tense, taut state, which ensures a high-quality and soft sound of strings with the required timbre.

Signs of performing oblique and vertical channels-slots on the fretboard with a depth equal to 1.0-1.25 of the thread thickness, and perpendicular channels-slots located relative to the longitudinal axis of the neck in depth equal to 0.45-0.55 of the thread thickness, the connection of the channels- slots - inclined with lateral vertical and vertical with outer perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck with roundings with a radius equal to 0.2-1.5 thread thickness and fastening the lining with a synthetic thread fixed in the channel-slots on the neck using glue or using connecting elements , for example, pins or screws - are additional features that contribute to a more complete disclosure of the design features of the main features and the achievement of the technical result set by the invention.

Thus, the execution of inclined and vertical channels-slots on the fretboard with a depth equal to 1.0-1.25 of the thickness of the thread - allows you to completely "drown" the sections of the thread passing through them, without creating obstacles for the movement of the performer's hand and fingers.

The location of channels-slots perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck on the outer side of the lining in depth equal to 0.45-0.55 of the thread thickness - allows the synthetic thread passing through the channels to form frets due to the fact that at least half of the thread thickness protrudes above the flat surface fretboard overlays.

The connection of channels-slots - inclined with lateral vertical and vertical with external perpendicularly located relative to the longitudinal axis of the neck with roundings, with a radius equal to 0.2-1.5 of the thread thickness allows, without sharp bends and in connection with this possible damage to it, to arrange the thread strictly according to the performed in the patch to the channels-slots, while maintaining a uniform tension of the thread along its entire length.

Patent information search, carried out in the process of preparing the application materials, a combination of the proposed known and new features of the alleged invention in the patent and scientific and technical literature, did not reveal, which makes it possible to classify the features as having novelty.

Since the proposed combination of features is not known from the state of the art and allows a higher technical result to be obtained, the proposed essential features can be recognized as meeting the criterion of inventive step.

The description of the implementation of the proposed device and the experimental work carried out make it possible to classify the proposed device as industrially feasible.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a top view of the proposed musical instrument.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the neck of a musical instrument - side view showing the location and attachment of the synthetic thread on the fretboard.

FIG. 3 shows a fretboard top view with channels-slits for the passage of synthetic thread through them.

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a fingerboard with synthetic thread placed in channels-slots connected to each other on the upper, lower and side surfaces of the fingerboard.

FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fretboard with a slotted fretboard.

FIG. 6 shows the position of the thread that does not go beyond the lateral surface of the patch (hidden in the channels-slots).

The proposed musical instrument consists of an acoustic body 1 with a neck 2 with a head 3, a nut 4, frets 5, a resonator 6 and strings 7 attached to it. the planes are made inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the neck 2 channels-slots 9, connecting adjacent plates 8 made on the upper plane 8 perpendicularly located to the longitudinal axis of the neck 2 channels-slots 10, in which the frets are placed 5. On the lateral sides of the removable plate 8 there are vertical channels - slots 11. Channels-slots 9, 10 and 11 are made for laying in them a continuous synthetic thread, made, for example, of nylon and forming on the outer surface of the fret lining 5. At both ends of the synthetic thread, loops 12 are made, fixed on the lining 8 when using pins 13. On the resonator 6 of the housing 1 there is a support 14 for strings 7. In the central part of the resonator, о resonator hole-socket 15. Dotted line 16 shows a synthetic thread passing along inclined channels-slots 9 on the lower surface of the lining 8.

The inclined 9 and vertical 11 channels-slots of the lining 8 are made with a depth equal to 1.0-1.25 of the thread thickness, and the channels-slots 10 located perpendicularly relative to the longitudinal axis of the neck 2 in depth are made equal to 0.45-0.55 of the thread thickness. A synthetic thread, laid in inclined and vertical channels-slots 9 and 11, does not protrude above the corresponding surface of the lining 8 beyond its limits (see, for example, pos. 17 - the thread does not protrude beyond the lateral surface of the lining 8.).

Connections of channels-slots - inclined 9 with lateral vertical 11 and vertical 11 with external 10, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck 2, are made with a rounding 18 with a radius equal to 0.2-1.5 thread thickness.

An overlay with a synthetic thread fixed in the slotted channels can be fixed to the neck using glue or connecting elements, such as pins or screws 19.

In the proposed musical instrument, the frets are performed as follows: Initially, after the lining 8 is made, the sloped channels, vertical and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck, are connected to each other, slots 9, 11, and 10 on it. channels-slots 9, 11 and 10 after putting on the loop 12 of the thread on the pin 13, the synthetic thread is laid with a simultaneous tension. In this case, the thread from the left pin 13 first goes along an inclined section of channel 9 to the vertical channel 11, then the thread is bent and laid in channel 11 with a transition to the perpendicular channel 10. Then the thread is lowered to the lower plane of the lining 8 along the vertical channel-slot 11, and then it is bent and passed through the inclined channel-slot 9 to the location of the second perpendicular channel-slot 10, which forms the second fret. Further, the process of laying the synthetic thread is repeated many times according to the number of frets until the second pin 13, on which the thread is fixed. The excess thread is cut off. After laying the thread into the cut-out channels, the fingerboard 8 is fixed on the neck 2 by gluing the fingerboard to the neck or using pins or screws 19. After installing and tuning the strings, the musical instrument is ready for use.

When playing the proposed musical instrument, the performer's hand and fingers move freely along the entire length of the neck when selecting the desired fret and when extracting the desired sound 2. Strings 7, when in contact with frets 5, made of synthetic thread, emit sounds with the required timbre, volume and softness, giving a musical work without distortion a distinctive flavor and improved perception. This greatly simplifies the design and technology of frets.

Currently, the author has made several musical instruments of the proposed design, which are undergoing preliminary tests with musicians. Based on the test results, a decision will be made on the production of the proposed musical instruments.

Claims (4)

1. Musical plucked instrument, including an acoustic body with a resonator attached to it, a neck with a head, a nut, frets and strings, characterized in that the neck is additionally equipped with an overlay, on the lower, upper and side surfaces of which there are channels-slots connected to each other , on the lower side - oblique, at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the upper side - perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck, on the lateral sides - vertical for laying in the channels-slots of a continuous synthetic thread - nylon, forming on the outer surface of the fretboard, while on loops are made at both ends of the thread to secure it to the strap with pins. 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined and vertical channels-slots of the lining are made with a depth equal to 1.0-1.25 of the thread thickness, and the channels-slots in depth, located perpendicularly relative to the longitudinal axis of the neck, are made equal to 0.45 -0.55 thread thickness. 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the connections of the channels-slots - inclined with lateral vertical and vertical with the outer ones perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck - are made with roundings with a radius equal to 0.2-1.5 of the thread thickness. 4. An instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the pad with a synthetic thread fixed in the slotted channels is fixed to the neck using glue or screws.

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