RU2753925C1 - Two-bath reverbatory furnace with a forehearth for remelting aluminium scrap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a two-bath reverbatory furnace with a forehearth for remelting aluminium scrap. The furnace is installed on a base reinforced with a three-row steel grid, filled with concrete with fireclay chips, whereon a welded frame is mounted, welded from an I-beam and provided with a lining of four rows of lightweight bricks and two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard, the body of the furnace is placed on the welded frame, two inclined platforms and hearths of two baths are made of corundum blocks laid on two layers of asbestos cardboard with sand padding. The inclined platforms and the hearths of the two baths are therein separated by a wall, a steel box is welded to the furnace frame, provided with thermal insulation between said box and each wall, consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard, the arches above the inclined platforms and above the first and second baths have a layer with double heat insulation lining coating, a layer of lightweight bricks with a layer of fire-resistant heat insulation mats laid thereon. A flue is made in the rear wall, wherein two injection three-row 39-mixer medium pressure burners are located in each side wall, wherein one is directed at an angle to the inclined platform and at an angle to the axis of the furnace, and the other injection three-row 39-mixer medium-pressure burner is directed at an angle to the hearth of the furnace and at an angle to the axis of the furnace, the furnace has two working windows, two slag windows made in the side walls, two tapholes are made in the rear end wall, the furnace has an economiser, a forehearth formed by fire-resistant external side, front and rear end walls, a bath bounded by a hearth, arch and walls, three drainage tapholes and a gas duct, wherein the welded frame of the forehearth has an upper layer of asbestos cardboard, six layers laid with lightweight bricks, as well as four layers of asbestos cardboard laid between the layers of lightweight bricks, wherein the hearth corundum blocks of the forehearth are laid on the four layers of asbestos cardboard and the dry silica sand padding, a steel box is welded to the frame of the forehearth, an injection three-row 39-mixer medium pressure burner is installed in the front wall of the forehearth inclined at an angle to the hearth. Two windows are made in one side wall of the forehearth, covered with electrically driven gates, and three tapholes are provided in the rear wall, made in quick-change bricks, wherein the gas duct of the forehearth is connected with the flue of the furnace forming a common gas duct, one branch whereof is connected with the stack and the other with the dust and gas purification system, wherein the dust and gas purification system consists of a mixing chamber, two smoke pumps, six-section gas purification unit, and two scrubbers.

EFFECT: simplification of the design, low heat losses, and a possibility of environmentally sustainable scrap remelting are provided.

9 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy, namely to melting units for remelting secondary aluminum scrap and waste aluminum alloys into ingots and ingots. The furnace can be used for refining, obtaining alloys, averaging the chemical composition.

Known analogue - a two-chamber reflective furnace for remelting aluminum scrap (source of information MS Shklyar "Furnaces of secondary non-ferrous metallurgy", ed. "Metallurgy", 1987. pp. 35-37), containing a body formed by the brickwork of the outer walls as in the declared furnace, two baths bounded by hearths and walls, two vaults, a drain tap and a flue.

The furnace is designed for remelting secondary aluminum and has the following disadvantages:

1. The second melting chamber acts as a mixer (moneybox), which ultimately reduces the productivity of the furnace.

2. The stove has insufficient thermal insulation of the walls and vault, which reduces heat loss to the environment.

3. The furnace does not have a dust and gas cleaning system and during operation will pollute the environment with harmful emissions.

4. The hearth lining furnace uses conventional refractory bricks rather than hearth blocks, which greatly extend the life of the furnace.

5. It follows from the description of the furnace that it does not provide a forced melting regime.

6. The oven does not have an economizer.

In view of the above disadvantages, the furnace cannot provide a solution to the technical problem.

Known analogue - a two-bath reflective furnace (source of information MS Shklyar "Furnaces of secondary non-ferrous metallurgy", ed. "Metallurgy", 1987. pp. 87-89), containing a body formed by the brickwork of the outer walls as in the declared furnace, two baths, limited by hearths, vaults and walls, drain tapes and gas ducts. I believe that the stove, taken as an analogue, has the following disadvantages:

1. The stove has insufficient thermal insulation of walls and vaults, which reduces heat loss to the environment.

2. The furnace does not have a dust and gas cleaning system and during operation will pollute the environment with harmful emissions.

3. The hearth lining furnace uses conventional refractory bricks rather than hearth blocks, which greatly extend the life of the furnace.

4. From the description of the furnace it follows that it does not provide a forced melting regime.

5. The furnace uses two stationary troughs to drain the molten metal.

6. The oven does not have an economizer.

In view of the above disadvantages, the furnace cannot provide a solution to the technical problem. A known analogue is a two-bath reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap (Source of information V.A. , two baths, limited by the hearth, vault and walls, gas ducts, a collection box containing a body formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, a bath, limited by the hearth, arch and walls, drain tap holes. I believe that the oven, taken as a prototype, has the following disadvantages:

1. The furnace does not have an economizer to reduce heat loss to the environment.

2. The walls of the furnace at the loading windows are lined with straight refractory bricks, and not refractory blocks, therefore they break down faster when loading the furnace with a charge.

3. In the furnace for lining the hearths, bottom blocks of the MLSP are used, and not the bottom blocks of KS-95, which significantly increase the service life of the furnace.

4. From the description of the furnace it follows that it does not provide a forced melting regime.

5. The furnace uses two stationary troughs to drain the molten metal.

In view of the above disadvantages, the furnace cannot provide a solution to the technical problem.

The objective of the invention is to create a gas twin-bath reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap of a simple design, which allows the remelting process on natural and artificial draft with a dust and gas cleaning system, to reduce heat losses to the environment, as well as to introduce an economizer, to increase its service life and productivity.

EFFECT: developed gas two-bath reflective furnace with a storage box is simple in design, has a high productivity, an economizer, a long service life allowing the use of scrap unsorted from foreign inclusions, to reduce heat loss to the environment due to thermal insulation, to conduct the remelting process on natural and artificial traction with a dust and gas cleaning system, which makes it environmentally friendly.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a gas two-bath reflective type furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap (hereinafter referred to as the furnace), comprising a body formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, storage tanks and inclined platforms bounded by the hearth and walls , vaults, a drain tap and a gas duct, a welded frame is introduced, which has a lining of four rows of lightweight ShL-0.6 bricks and two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard, laid out in the frame under the bottom of two storage tanks and two inclined platforms. Four rows of lightweight bricks and two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard allow to reduce heat losses from two baths and two inclined platforms through the frame to the pedestal and floor of the workshop.

At the same time, the furnace is installed on a pedestal reinforced with a three-row steel mesh, which is poured with concrete filled with chamotte chips. Such a constructive solution allows to reduce heat losses from two baths and two inclined platforms to the floor of the workshop, as well as to raise the furnace for convenient discharge of the metal deposited in the furnace into the storage box.

In addition, storage tanks and inclined platforms are made of KS-95 hearth blocks, laid on two layers of asbestos cardboard and have sand padding. Bottom blocks KS-95 have high refractoriness and durability (service life according to practical data up to 8.5-9 years), while two layers of asbestos board and sand padding allow to additionally keep the temperature of the metal in the furnace baths and inclined platforms.

At the same time, the furnace has two tapholes made in the end rear wall for the discharge of molten metal, two lined rotary bowls with lined grooves welded to them, which can be rotated at an angle of 135 °, providing metal pouring into the storage box, while each taphole, made in a quick-change taphole brick, which is fixed in a steel grip, cast together with the casting spout, and the grip is fastened with nuts and spring washers to the studs welded to the steel box of the furnace, a bushing and a roller are welded to the lined rotary bowl at the bottom, which rotates on a ball placed in a glass on a bracket. Such a constructive solution provides ease of rotation, as well as the possibility of replacing the taphole bricks without stopping the furnace (during the break between melts for 6-9 minutes).

At the same time, a steel box is welded to the furnace frame, which has thermal insulation between it and each wall, consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard. Two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard allow to keep the temperature in two baths and oven walls additionally.

It is essential to note that the roof of the proposed furnace has a layer on top with a double heat-insulating coating, a layer of lightweight bricks and on it a layer of refractory heat-insulating mats for additional preservation of heat in the furnace.

It should be noted that the furnace has a piggy bank formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, a bath bounded by the hearth, vault and walls, three drain holes and a gas duct, and the welded frame of the piggy bank has an upper layer of asbestos cardboard, six layers laid out of lightweight bricks, as well as four layers of asbestos cardboard, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, while the bottom blocks of the KS-95 piggy bank are laid on four layers of asbestos cardboard and padding of dry quartz sand. Thermal insulation, consisting of an upper layer of asbestos cardboard, six layers of lightweight fireclay bricks, four layers of asbestos cardboard, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, allows you to maintain the temperature of the metal in the bath of the piggy bank, and KS-95 bottom blocks, laid on four layers of asbestos cardboard and padding of dry quartz sand , have high refractoriness and durability and allow to increase the service life of the piggy bank.

Further, in the front burner wall of the piggy bank, an injection three-row 39-mixing medium pressure burner is installed at an angle of 35 ° to the bottom.

Moreover, the furnace has two slag windows located in the side walls, and the storage box has two slag windows located in the side wall, while each drive for raising and lowering the slag window flap consists of an electric motor, a clutch, a worm gear, a drum, cables, a pulley with supports and a steel welded damper lined with lightweight fireclay bricks of the SHL-0.6 grade with thermal insulation from double sheet asbestos cardboard.

At the same time, the furnace has three steel lined swivel bowls in the piggy bank, mounted on brackets welded to the piggy box box, which rotate with steel lined swivel chutes welded to the bowls, which makes it possible to consistently pour liquid metal from the piggy bank into the filling equipment located in the service sector with an angle 135 °.

It should be noted that the three tapholes in the piggy bank are made in quick-change taphole bricks, while each is fixed in a steel grip, cast at the same time with the pouring sock, and the grip is attached with nuts and spring washers to the studs welded to the steel box of the piggy bank, at the bottom it is welded to the lined swivel bowl a bushing and a roller that rotates on a ball placed in a glass on a bracket. Such a constructive solution provides ease of rotation, as well as the possibility of replacing the taphole bricks without stopping the furnace (during the break between melts for 6-9 minutes).

It is essential to note that the vault of the piggy bank has on top a double layer of refractory heat-insulating mats and a layer of lightweight bricks for additional heat preservation in the piggy bank.

In addition, to maintain the temperature on the inclined platforms in the furnace baths, to warm up the tap holes, if necessary, to overheat the alloy, as well as to increase productivity and maintain a forced melting mode, two injection three-row 39-row medium-pressure mixing burners are installed in each side wall of the furnace, with one directional at an angle of 20 ° to an inclined platform and at an angle of 22 ° to the axis of the furnace, and another injection three-row 39-mixing medium-pressure burner directed at an angle of 20 ° to the bottom of the furnace and at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the furnace, while the proposed arrangement of burners allows achieve a high melting rate, reduce waste (according to practical data), as well as load an uncontaminated charge through two slag windows and quickly remelt it. The total thermal power of the burners is 13,200 kW, which makes the furnace highly efficient, allowing for forced melting.

In this case, each of the four burners contains a cast flame stabilizing tunnel, a refractory ramming mass, mixers united by a common welded gas distribution chamber, four nozzles are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 26 ° to their axes, and the burner also contains a casing welded to the gas distribution chamber, in addition to In addition, the gas distribution chamber contains: in the first row thirteen mixers with long nozzles having 16 cast ribs on the inner surface, in the second row thirteen mixers with short nozzles having 16 cast ribs on the inner surface, in the third row there are 13 mixers with nozzles, having a device for the final mixing of the gas-air mixture.

It should be noted that each mixer of the upper row is a casting and represents a pipe with an outer diameter of 67 × 10 mm and a length of 380 mm, in which four nozzles are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while each mixer has a nozzle with a length of 290 mm with an outer ∅ 72 mm, on the inner surface of which ∅ 47 mm there are 16 cast ribs, the cast ribs on the side of the gas-air mixture movement have a 5 mm length "sharpening" lead-in part, the angle of "tapering" is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4 mm, the length of the thread is 15 mm, in addition, two flats are milled in the lower part of the nozzle for the convenience of screwing it onto the mixer and screwing from it. The first row mixers with nozzles and cast fins, as well as a cast flame stabilizing tunnel, allow the torch length of the first row to be increased to 3.7 m.

Moreover, each mixer of the second row is a casting and represents a pipe with an outer diameter of 67 × 10 mm and a length of 380 mm, in which four nozzles are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm under an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer there is a nozzle 150 mm long with an outer ∅ 72 mm, on the inner surface of which ∅ 47 mm there are 16 cast ribs, the cast ribs on the side of the gas-air mixture movement have a "pointed" lead-in part 5 mm long, the angle "Tapering" is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4 mm, the length of the thread is 15 mm, in addition, two flats are milled in the lower part of the nozzle for the convenience of screwing it onto the mixer and screwing from it. Second-row mixers and a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel allow torch lengths up to 2.8 m.

It should be noted that each mixer of the third row is a casting and represents in the upper part a pipe with a diameter of 32 × 5 mm, passing in the lower part into a pipe with a diameter of 64 × 10 mm and a length of 260 mm, taking into account an external thread of 15 mm, in which four nozzles are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer there is a nozzle 120 mm long with an external ∅ 69 mm and an internal thread 15 mm long, and the nozzle has a device for final mixing of the gas-air mixture, a 10 mm thick disc with an outer diameter of 46 mm, having 12 holes ∅ 3 mm, is welded into the nozzle groove, and a disk with flats and an outer diameter of 69 mm is screwed on from the end, having one central diameter of 5 mm and eight holes with a diameter of 2 , 5 mm, drilled on a diameter of 20 mm, and twelve holes with a diameter of 1.6 mm, drilled at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the nozzle. The design of the nozzle makes it possible to obtain a torch with a length of 950 mm, and the nozzles to the mixers are replaced with new ones in the event of burning out, melting during long-term operation, which ultimately increases the service life of the burner.

In this case, the refractory ramming mass for lining the burners and filling the space between the mixers has the following composition:

mullite-corundum mortar MMK-85 37%; technical lignosulfonate 16%; powder of ground clay PGT 22%; binder alumochromophosphate MIX 4%; quartz sand grade 1K ten%; water eleven%.

The refractory ramming mass developed by the author after calcination has high hardness, high refractoriness, significant resistance to shattering at temperatures up to 1650 ° C. With all this, the furnace has an economizer, which is located between the masonry of one and a half refractory bricks with a vault and a hog, while it is a box-shaped semi "spiral" that is in contact with the outer wall of the hog and has internal dimensions of 30 × 50 mm and the number turns - 45 pieces, and the semi "spiral" is welded, welded from steel 12X18H9, and the hog itself and the masonry of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault are made on a steel sheet and two corners of 110 × 110 mm, which rest on steel supports from channel # 18, which are fixed in the floor of the workshop with foundation bolts. The economizer allows you to heat water for the technological needs of the enterprise.

Moreover, the design of the proposed furnace includes a drive for raising and lowering the dampers of two working windows of the furnace, consisting of two electric motors, two couplings, two worm gearboxes, four shafts with pulleys, counterweights, cables, chains, two drums and two steel dampers lined with lightweight bricks brand ШЛ-0.6 and having thermal insulation consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard.

Finally, the furnace is equipped with a dust and gas cleaning system to achieve an environmentally friendly process, which consists of a mixing chamber, two smoke exhausters, a six sectional gas cleaning unit, two scrubbers, while the dust and gas cleaning system has the following characteristics: capacity for the purified gas 45600 m ³ / hour, thickness of the adsorbent layer 0.3 m, the degree of purification for hydrogen fluoride is 73%, the degree of purification for copper oxide is 85%; the degree of purification for carbon monoxide is 91%, the degree of purification for nitrogen oxide is 87%, the degree of purification for aluminum oxide is 81%, the degree of purification from dust is 87%, with the temperature of the gas being purified from 30 to 80 ° C.

The introduction of the above into the proposed furnace provides a solution to the problem. The developed design of the furnace allows for the remelting of uncut and magnetic separation of aluminum scrap, since alterations (cast iron and steel rings, bushings, bushings, pins, pushers, valves, etc.) do not fall into the molten metal, but remain on inclined platforms ...

FIG. 1. View of the furnace in plan with a dust and gas cleaning system, an economizer, a piggy bank and filling equipment.

FIG. 2. Longitudinal section of the furnace А-А.

FIG. 3. Cross-section of the BB furnace along the slag windows (view of the chimney).

FIG. 4. Section B-B of the furnace (view of the loading window).

FIG. 5. Section Г-Г of a part of the taphole wall with a quick-change taphole brick installed in it.

FIG. 6. View of the piggy bank in the plan.

FIG. 7. Section D-D of the piggy bank (view of the chimney).

FIG. 8. Section E-E of the piggy bank (view of the burner).

FIG. 9. Longitudinal section of Zh-Zh piggy bank.

FIG. 10. Section З-З of thirty-nine medium pressure mixing injection burners.

FIG. 11. Cross section of the I-I economizer.

FIG. 12. Section of the K-K economizer.

FIG. 13. Six-section gas cleaning unit (frontal view).

FIG. 14. Plan view of the six sectional gas cleaning unit.

FIG. 15. Frontal view of the scrubber.

The furnace contains a body formed by refractory outer side 1, front 2 and rear 3 end walls, while the sloped platforms 4 and bottom 5 of the two baths are separated by wall 6. Front 2 and rear 3 end walls are laid in two and a half straight fireclay bricks, and the side walls 1 are laid out in two bricks ША 1 No. 5 and one-and-a-half ША 1 No. 12 GOST 8691-73 fig. 2, 4. Wall 6 is lined with four bricks. The body is mounted on a welded frame 7, which is welded from an I-beam No. 35SH2. The hearths 5 of the furnace and inclined platforms 4 are laid out of the hearth blocks KS-95 (thickness 300 mm, width 400 mm, length 1000 mm or 500 mm). The threshold 8 of the loading window 9 of the furnace is also lined with KS-95 hearth blocks. Bottom blocks KS-95 contain more aluminum oxide, have a higher refractoriness and a higher temperature of the beginning of softening than the bottom blocks of the MLSP-72 prototype. Each furnace under 5 consists of three rows of KS-95 hearth blocks, six pieces in each row, laid on a welded frame 7 and sand padding 10, below which 11 asbestos cardboard is laid in two layers. Each inclined platform 4 consists of three rows of hearth blocks of four in each row and one row of hearth blocks with a saw cut for better cleaning of a part of the hearth 5 and inclined platform 4, laid on KS-95 hearth blocks, which are located on a sand pad 10, from below which is laid asbokarton 11 in two layers. Bottom blocks KS-95 have high refractoriness and resistance (according to practical data, the service life is up to 8.5-9 years). Two layers of asbestos cardboard 11 and sand padding 10 allow you to additionally maintain the temperature of the metal on the hearth 5 of the furnace and inclined platforms 4.

The welded frame 7, inside has a lining of four rows of lightweight bricks 12 grade SHL-0.6 and two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard 13. Four rows of lightweight bricks 12 grade SHL-0.6 and two layers of sheet asbestos board 13 reduce heat losses from two hearths 5 and two inclined platforms 4 through the welded frame 7 onto the concrete floor of the workshop.

A refractory solution consisting of refractory clay (19%), chamotte powder (76%), water glass (4%) and foscon (aluminochromophosphate mixture, 1%) is used as a binder.

The furnace has two tapholes 14 in the rear end wall 3 for discharging molten metal, two lined rotary bowls 15 with lined grooves 16 welded to them, which can be rotated at an angle of 135 °, providing the liquid metal is drained into the storage box.

Each taphole 14 is made in a quick-change taphole brick 17, which is reinforced with a steel welded mesh 18, made in the form of a "short pipe", while the quick-change taphole brick in case of wear is quickly replaced with a new one without stopping the furnace during the period of cleaning the bottom 5 from slag Fig. 5. Each quick-change taphole brick 17 is covered with a KS-95 slab pos. 19 fig. 5. The quick-change taphole brick 17 is fixed in a steel gripper 20, which is cast in one piece with the casting spout 21 of FIG. 5. Gripper 20 with a fixed taphole brick 17 is attached with nuts 22 and spring washers 23 to pins 24 welded to the steel box 25 of the furnace. At the bottom, a sleeve 26 with a roller 27 is welded to the lined rotary bowl 15, which rotates on a ball 28 placed in a glass 29, the latter being welded to a bracket 30. The taphole brick 17 is inserted into the wall niche 3 and is removed from it using two handles 31 welded to grip 20. For better extraction from the niche, the taphole brick is wrapped with refractory felt 32. The end plane B of the taphole brick 17 and the conical part of the taphole brick form a broken line, due to which the liquid metal does not flow into the joint and provides easy extraction of the worn taphole brick 17.

A steel box 25 is welded to the welded frame 7 of the furnace, which has thermal insulation between it and each wall, consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos board 33 with a thickness of 8 mm each. Two layers of 33 sheets of asbestos-board make it possible to additionally maintain the temperature of the oven walls. Fastening of the steel box 25 to the welded frame 7 is made by vertical channels No. 16 pos. 34 fig. 4. To prevent the spreading of the furnace masonry vertical channels 34 have a bundle of horizontal channels №16 pos. 35 fig. 2, 4.

In the front end wall 2 of the furnace body there are two loading windows 9. The loading window 9 has a vault 36, laid out according to a pattern from a fireclay end wedge ША 1 No. 22, 23 and resting on the heel bricks 37 of FIG. 4. In the side walls 1 there are two slag windows 38 with a threshold 39, designed to clean most of the bottom 5 and the taphole 14 from slag closed by lined shutters 40 of FIG. 1, 3. Each drive for lifting and lowering the shutter 40 of the slag window 38 consists of an electric motor 41, a clutch 42, a worm gear 43, a drum 44, cables 45, a pulley 46 with supports and a welded steel shutter 40 lined with lightweight fireclay brick 47 of the SHL- 0.6 with thermal insulation of double sheet asbestos board 48. Two sliders (not shown) are welded to each shutter 40 of the slag window 38, which smoothly slide over the copiers 49 and provide a hermetic closure of the slag window 38. Two handles 50 are welded to each slag shutter 40. The shutter 40 of the slag window 38 rests on an angle 51, which is supported by a steel support 52. Each slag window 38 has an arched vault 53 of FIG. 1, 3. In the rear end wall 3, gas ducts 54 are laid, having arched vaults 55 resting on heel bricks 56. The gas ducts 54 enter the furnace bur 57, on which the explosive valve 58 of FIG. 1, 3. Large vaults 59 of the proposed furnace are made according to a template from a wedge end ША 1 No. 22, 23 GOST 8691-73 and rest on heel bricks 60 of grade ША 1 No. 67, have a layer with double heat-insulating coating 61, a layer of lightweight bricks 62 and thereon a layer of refractory heat-insulating mats 63 to further retain heat in the furnace of FIG. 2, 4. It is essential to note that the heel beams 64 are welded from channels # 25 and # 30. In this case, the furnace is installed on a pedestal 66 reinforced with a three-row steel mesh 65, which is poured with concrete filled with chamotte chips, FIG. 2. Such a constructive solution allows to reduce heat losses from two hearths 5 and two inclined platforms 4 to the floor of the shop, as well as to raise the furnace for convenient discharge of the metal deposited in the furnace into the storage box.

The charge is loaded into the furnace using two vibrating machines 67, into which the charge is loaded with a crane.

The design of the proposed furnace includes two drives for lifting and lowering the dampers of the loading windows, consisting of two electric motors 68, two couplings 69, two worm gearboxes 70, four shafts 71 with pulleys 72, four counterweights 73, cables 74, chains 75, two drums 76 and two steel dampers 77, lined with lightweight fireclay bricks 78, grade SHL-0.6 and having thermal insulation consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard 79. Each two shafts 71 have pressed-in pulleys 72 at the ends, which rotate together with the shafts 71 in rolling bearings located in racks 80. Eight racks 80 are welded to the furnace metal structure. The pulleys 72 have grooves in the shape of the chains, due to which the chains 75 thrown over the pulleys 72 have a large contact area, during the operation of the drive, slippage of the chains 75 is excluded. The weight of each shutter 77 of the loading window 9 is balanced by the weight of two counterweights 73. In the lower position, the shutter 77 rests on the window sill 81. Two handles 82 are welded on the damper 77.

To maintain the temperature on inclined platforms 4 in the furnace baths, to warm up the tap holes 14, if necessary, to overheat the alloy, as well as to increase productivity and maintain a forced melting mode, two injection three-row 39-row mixing burners of medium pressure 83 are installed in each side wall of the furnace 1, and one directed at an angle of 20 ° to the inclined platform 4 and at an angle of 22 ° to the axis of the furnace, and the other injection three-row 39-mixing medium-pressure burner 83, directed at an angle of 20 ° to the hearth 5 of the furnace and at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the furnace, Moreover, the proposed arrangement of the burners makes it possible to achieve a high melting rate, reduce waste (according to practical data), as well as load an uncontaminated charge through two slag windows 38 and quickly remelt it FIG. 10. The total thermal power of the burners is 13,200 kW, which makes the furnace highly efficient, allowing for forced melting.

Each of the four burners 83 contains a cast flame stabilizing tunnel 84, a refractory ramming mass 85, mixers united by a common welded gas distribution chamber 86, four nozzles 87 are drilled in each mixer at an angle of 26 ° to their axes, and the burner also contains a casing 88 welded to gas distribution chamber 86, in addition, in the gas distribution chamber 86 are placed: in the first row thirteen mixers 89 with long nozzles 90 having 16 cast ribs 91 on the inner surface, in the second row thirteen mixers 92 with short nozzles 93 having 16 cast ribs 91, in the third row there are 13 mixers 94 with nozzles 95 having a device for final mixing of the gas-air mixture.

Each mixer 89 of the first row is a casting and is a pipe with an outer diameter of 67 × 10 mm and a length of 380 mm, in which four nozzles 87 are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle 90 °, while in each mixer 89 there is a nozzle 90 290 mm long with an outer Ø 72 mm, on the inner surface of which Ø 47 mm there are 16 cast ribs 91, the cast ribs 91 on the side of the movement of the gas-air mixture have a lead-in part "sharpening" with a length of 5 mm, the angle of "tapering" is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4 mm, the thread length is 15 mm, in addition, two flats 96 are milled in the lower part of the nozzle 90 for the convenience of screwing it onto the mixer 89 and screwing it off. The mixers of the first row 89 with nozzles 90 and cast fins 91 in them, as well as a cast flame stabilization tunnel 84, allow the torch length of the first row to be increased to 3.7 m.

Each mixer 92 of the second row is a casting and represents a pipe with an outer diameter of 67 × 10 mm and a length of 380 mm, in which four nozzles 87 are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle 90 °, while in each mixer 92 there is a nozzle 93 with a length of 150 mm with an outer ∅ 72 mm, on the inner surface of which ∅ 47 mm there are 16 cast ribs 91, the cast ribs on the side of the movement of the gas-air mixture have a "sharpened" lead-in part 5 mm long , the angle of "tapering" is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4 mm, the length of the thread is 15 mm, in addition, two flats 96 are milled in the lower part of the nozzle for the convenience of screwing it onto the mixer 92 and screwing from it. The second row mixers 92, as well as the cast flame stabilization tunnel 84, allow torch lengths up to 2.8 m.

Each mixer 94 of the third row is a casting and represents in the upper part a pipe with a diameter of 32 × 5 mm, passing in the lower part into a pipe with a diameter of 64 × 10 mm and a length of 260 mm, taking into account an external thread of 15 mm, in which four nozzles 87 are drilled along the periphery at an angle 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer 94 there is a nozzle 95 with a length of 120 mm with an external ∅ 69 mm and an internal thread 15 mm long, and the nozzle 95 has a device for final mixing of the gas-air mixture, a disc 97 10 mm thick with an outer diameter of 46 mm, having 12 holes ∅ 3 mm pos. is welded into the groove of the nozzle 95. 98, and from the end a disk 99 with 96 flats and an outer diameter of 69 mm is screwed on, having nine holes with a diameter of 3 mm pos. 100, drilled 20 mm in diameter, and twelve 1.6 mm holes drilled at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the nozzle. The design of the nozzle makes it possible to obtain a torch with a length of 950 mm, and the nozzles to the mixers, in the event of burning out, melting during long-term operation, are replaced with new ones, which ultimately increases the service life of the burner.

In this case, the refractory ramming mass 85 for lining the burners and filling the space between the mixers has the following composition:

mullite-corundum mortar MMK-85 37%; technical lignosulfonate 16%; powder of ground clay PGT 22%; binder alumochromophosphate MIX 4%; quartz sand grade 1K ten%; water eleven%.

The refractory ramming mass developed by the author after calcination has high hardness, high refractoriness, significant resistance to shedding at temperatures up to 1650 ° C. Mixers, nozzles and a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel are cast from corrosion-resistant heat-resistant cast iron ChKh22S, which leads to the fact that the burners have high reliability and long service life. A necessary condition for the normal operation of the burner is the presence of a vacuum in the combustion chamber in the range of 3 ÷ 20 DaPa (mm.w.c.). The nominal gas pressure in front of the burner is 0.08 MPa.

The furnace has a piggy bank formed by refractory outer side 101, front 102 and rear 103 end walls, a bath 104 bounded by a hearth 105, a vault 106 and walls, a drain 107 and a gas duct 108, and the welded frame 109 of the piggy bank has an upper layer 110 of asbestos cardboard, six layers 111, lined with lightweight bricks, as well as four layers 112 of asbestos cardboard, laid between layers 111 of lightweight bricks, while the bottom blocks KS-95 pos. 113 piggy banks are stacked on four layers of asbestos board 114 and padding 115 of dry quartz sand. Thermal insulation, consisting of the upper layer 110 of asbestos cardboard, six layers 111 of lightweight fireclay bricks, four layers of asbestos cardboard 112, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, allows you to maintain the temperature of the metal in the bath 104 of the piggy bank, and the bottom blocks KS-95 pos. 113, laid on four layers of asbestos board 114 and padding 115 of dry quartz sand, have high refractoriness and resistance and allow you to increase the service life of the piggy bank.

In the front 102 of the end burner wall of the piggy bank obliquely at an angle of 35 ° to the hearth 105, an injection three-row 39-mixing burner 83 of medium pressure is installed, the same as the four installed in the furnace. The copier has two slag windows 116 located in the side wall 101, while each drive for raising and lowering the shutter 117 of the slag window 116 consists of an electric motor 118, a clutch 119, a worm gear 120, a drum 121, cables 122, a pulley 123 with supports 124 and a steel welded damper 117, lined with lightweight fireclay bricks 125, grade SHL-0.6, with thermal insulation made of double sheet asbestos board 126 FIG. 6, 7, 8. For the convenience of cleaning the bottom, two slag windows 116 are provided in the piggy bank, with each slag window 116 having an arched vault 127.

At the same time, the furnace has three steel lined swivel bowls 128 in the piggy bank, mounted on brackets 129 welded to the box 130 and the frame 109 of the piggy bank, which rotate with steel lined rotary chutes 131 welded to the bowls 128, which makes it possible to consistently pour liquid metal from the pig-box into the casting equipment located in the service sector with an angle of 135 °: filling conveyors 132, 133 and molds 134 for sauces. It should be noted that the three tap-holes 107 in the piggy bank are made in quick-change tap-hole bricks 17 such as those installed in the furnace. Quick-change taphole bricks 17 in the piggy bank, burner 83 in the piggy bank, burners 83 in the furnace are blocked by blocks 135 KS-95.

It is significant to note that the vault 106 of the piggy bank has on top a double layer of refractory heat-insulating mats 136 and a layer of lightweight bricks 137 to further retain heat in the piggy bank. A steel box 130 is welded to the welded frame 109 of the piggy bank, which has thermal insulation 138 between it and each wall, consisting of chamotte chips, two layers of sheet asbestos board, and refractory wool. The vault 106 of the piggy bank rests on heel bricks 139 # 67. Two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard, chamotte chips, refractory wool allow you to additionally maintain the temperature of the furnace walls. The furnace has an economizer 140, which is located between the masonry in the form of two walls 141 of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a roof 142 and a hog 143, while the economizer 140 is a box-shaped semi "spiral" that is in contact with the outer wall of the hog 143 and has internal dimensions in section 30 × 50 mm and the number of turns - 45 pieces, and the semi "spiral" is welded, welded from steel 12X18H9, and the hog itself 143 and the masonry in the form of two walls 141 of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault 142 are made on a steel sheet 144 and two corners 110 × 110 mm pos. 145, which rest on steel supports 146 from channel # 18, fixed in the workshop floor with foundation bolts 147. Walls 148 of hog 143 are lined with one-and-a-half fireclay bricks No. 12, and the base 149 of the hog and its ceiling 150 are made of refractory slabs. End walls 151 masonry are lined with one-and-a-half brick No. 12. Cold water is supplied to economizer 140 through pipe 152, and hot water comes out through pipe 153 of FIG. 11, 12. The economizer allows you to heat water for the technological needs of the enterprise.

In this case, the furnace is designed to operate on natural and artificial draft with a dust and gas cleaning system to achieve an environmentally friendly process, which consists of a mixing chamber 154, two smoke exhausters DN-12 pos. 155, 156, six sectional gas cleaning unit 157 and two scrubbers 158 of FIG. 1. In front of the DN-12 smoke exhauster pos. 155, a mixing chamber 154 is installed, in which the gate 159 is designed to regulate the supply of flue gases to the gas cleaning unit, and the gate 160 is for the process of mixing flue gases with the air of the shop. The six-section gas cleaning unit 157 has a steel rectangular cross-section body 161, which is divided by five steel partitions 162 and, in which six rotary charging grates 163 with holes are placed, each having a pivot axis 164 with a flywheel 165 attached to the end of FIG. 13, 14. Six inlet pipes 166 are welded in the lower part of the housing 161, in the upper part there are six outlet pipes 167, in addition, there is a service platform 168, which rests on eight supports 169, and also has a welded ladder 170 and a guardrail 171. Above each loading grate 163 there is a loading branch pipe 172. Lime "fluff", activated carbon, birch charcoal are loaded as an adsorbent. The spent adsorbent and dust are collected in the lower part of the casing 161. The spent adsorbent is discharged from each slot section of the sectional gas cleaning unit 157 by turning the handles 173 into a container 174 mounted on an electrified trolley 175, which moves along the track 176. Eight supports 169 have welded steel plates 177 , which are attached to the concrete floor of the workshop with foundation bolts 178.

The cleaned gases are fed through pipe 179 to two scrubbers 158. Each scrubber 158 is a 6 mm thick steel cylinder 181 standing vertically on four supports 180, having a cone 182 at the bottom and a tangentially located volute-shaped inlet 183 of FIG. 15. In order to avoid rapid wear due to corrosion and abrasive action of dust, the scrubber 158 is lined inside with ceramic tiles 184. Water is supplied inside through nozzles 185, set at a distance of 420 mm from each other. The stream of water exiting the nozzles 185 is directed tangentially to the wall of the scrubber 158 in the direction of the gas flow rotation in order to avoid intensive entrainment of the spray. A continuous water film formed on the wall in a spiral, the direction of which coincides with the direction of rotation of the gas flow, continuously flows downward. Dust particles thrown onto the film under the action of centrifugal forces are captured by it and in the form of sludge are removed from the scrubber 158 through the hydraulic seal 186, and the cleaned air exits through the nozzle 187. In addition, the dust is captured by streams of water, which is fed through the irrigation nozzles of the double-row bar grate 188, the water in the bar-shaped grating 188 is supplied through the pipe 189. to flush accumulated in the inlet pipe 183 provided wet dust sweep nozzles 190. dust collection proposed scrubber has a degree of trapping SO ₂ and SO ₃ in the range 44-47%, indicating that for high cleaning efficiency in a scrubber. The flue gases cleaned from dust are fed by the smoke exhauster 156 into the chimney 191, through which they are removed into the atmosphere. In front of the entrance to the pipe 192, which goes to the chimney 191, a gate 193 is installed, for the maintenance of which a service platform 194 with a ladder 195 is provided. The service platform 194 with a ladder 195 is also used to service the valves 159, 160 installed in the mixing chamber 154. 155 flue gases are fed through pipe 196 to a six-section gas cleaning unit 157.

The stove can be operated with natural or artificial draft.

The natural draft stove works as follows. A crane (not shown) is used to load the charge into vibrating charging installations 67, which move to the furnace along rails 197. It is important to note that before the furnace starts operating, the metal and alloy smelter climbs the stairs 195 to the service platform 194 and opens gate 193 on pipe 192, and gate 159 , 160 on the mixing chamber 154 closes. Notches 14 are plugged, molds are heated on conveyors 132, 133, as well as molds 134 for sauces, and they are painted with non-stick paint. The furnace is calcined in accordance with the technological instructions, uncut aluminum scrap is loaded into the calcined furnace on the sloped platforms 4 through the loading windows 9 using vibration loading units 67 at ambient temperature. The flame of four burners 83 embedded in the openings in the side walls 1 heat the scrap to the melting point. The metal melts and flows down the inclined platforms 4 to the hearths 5. The hot flue gases enter the hog 57, heat cold water in the economizer 140, then through the pipe 192 they are removed into the chimney 191 and into the atmosphere. During the melting process, two, three, four burners are turned on, if necessary. All burners are switched on to achieve a high furnace output, i.e. providing a forced melting mode. During the melting process, all inclusions remain on the inclined platform 4, the melting temperature of which is higher than that of the aluminum alloy. These wastes (alterations: cast iron and steel rings, bushings, bushings, pins, pushers, valves, etc.) do not get into the molten metal, since they are periodically removed with a scraper from the surface of the inclined platform 4 into the slag. The liquid metal from the hearth 5 of the furnace flows into the piggy bank, where it is treated with flux, if necessary, ligatures are introduced, the metal is thoroughly mixed, the smelters open three tap holes 107 of the piggy bank and pour the alloy into molds of conveyors 132, 133 and molds of sauces 134. After casting the metal, the tap holes are plugged, clean the sloping platforms 4, the hearth 5 of the furnace and the hearth 105 of the piggy bank from slag and the process is repeated.

An artificial draft stove works as follows.

Before starting the furnace, the smelter of metal and alloys climbs the stairs 195 to the service platform 194, closes the gate 193 on the pipe 192, and opens the gates 159 and 160 on the mixing chamber 154. A fresh adsorbent (activated coal 5 kg, silica gel 3 kg, birch charcoal 5 kg and lime "fluff" in the amount of 20 kg.). The dust and gas cleaning system is switched on. The operations carried out on the stove are the same as when the stove is operated with natural draft. The flue gases released during metal melting in the furnace pass through the boar 57, heat cold water in the economizer 140, pass through the mixing chamber 154 and dilute with fresh air from the shop, their temperature drops from 950-1050 ° C to 160-170 ° C. Further, by the smoke exhauster 155, flue gases are injected into the gas cleaning unit 157, where they are cleaned from harmful substances and dust. When the flue gases pass through the adsorbent layer, a "fluidized bed" is formed, in which the flue gases are intensively purified from harmful substances. Then the cleaned flue gases are fed into two scrubbers 158, cleaned from dust in them and pumped by the smoke exhauster 156 into the chimney 191 and, then, are discharged into the atmosphere. After pouring the liquid metal, the tapholes are plugged, the sloped platforms 4, the hearths 5 of the furnace and the bottom 105 of the piggy bank are cleaned from slag, and the process is repeated.

The furnace is distinguished by its simplicity of design, high productivity, good thermal insulation, low heat loss, the presence of a piggy bank, an economizer and can operate on natural and artificial draft with a dust-gas cleaning system, which makes the process of remelting aluminum scrap environmentally friendly.

Claims (10)

1. Two-tank reflective furnace with a storage box for remelting aluminum scrap, containing a body formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, two baths bounded by hearths with two inclined platforms from hearth blocks, a roof and walls, working windows, a drain tap hole, burners , a gas duct, a dust and gas cleaning system connected to the chimney and containing a mixing chamber, a smoke exhauster and a dust and gas cleaning unit, while the copier contains a body formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, a bath bounded by the hearth, walls and a vault, a steel box with a between it and each wall of the piggy bank with thermal insulation, two drain holes made in the rear end wall of the piggy bank, two swivel troughs with a rotary bowl, burners and a gas duct, characterized in that it is installed on a pedestal reinforced with a three-row steel mesh, poured with concrete filled with chamotte crumbs, on which the weld is mounted the second frame, welded from an I-beam, and having a lining of four rows of lightweight bricks and two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard, the furnace body is placed on the welded frame, two inclined platforms and the bottom of two baths are made of corundum blocks laid on two layers of asbestos cardboard with sand lining, with In this case, the sloped platforms and the bottom of the two baths are separated by a wall, a steel box is welded to the furnace frame, which has thermal insulation between it and each wall, consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos board, the vaults above the inclined platforms and above the first and second baths have a layer with double heat-insulating coating, a layer lightweight brick with a layer of refractory heat-insulating mats laid on top of it, the chimney is made in the rear wall, in each side wall there are two injection three-row thirty-nine-mixing medium-pressure burners, one directed at an angle to the inclined platform and at an angle to the furnace axis, and the other is an injection three-row thirty-nine mixing burner middle d The burner is directed at an angle to the bottom of the furnace and at an angle to the axis of the furnace, while it has two working windows, a drive for raising and lowering the dampers of two working windows, consisting of two electric motors, two couplings, two worm gearboxes, four shafts with pulleys, counterweights , cables, chains, two drums and two steel dampers lined with lightweight bricks and having thermal insulation consisting of two layers of sheet asbestos cardboard, two slag windows made in the side walls, an economizer placed between the masonry of refractory one-and-a-half bricks with a vault and a hog, when it is a box-shaped half-spiral, which is in contact with the outer wall of the hog and has internal dimensions of 30 × 50 mm and the number of turns - 45 pcs. sheet and two corners, which rest on steel supports from the channel, which are fixed in the basement bolts of the workshop, the furnace has a piggy bank formed by refractory outer side, front and rear end walls, a bathtub bounded by the hearth, vault and walls, three drain holes and a gas duct, and the welded frame of the piggy bank has an upper layer of asbestos cardboard, six layers laid out from lightweight bricks, four layers of asbestos cardboard, laid between layers of lightweight bricks, while the bottom corundum blocks of the piggy bank are stacked on four layers of asbestos cardboard and a padding of dry quartz sand, a steel box is welded to the piggy bank frame, an injection box is installed in the front wall of the piggy bank obliquely at an angle to the bottom a three-row thirty-nine-mixing medium-pressure burner, and in one side wall of the piggy bank there are two windows, closed with electric shutters, the flue gas duct is connected to the hog of the furnace to form a common flue, one branch of which is connected to the chimney, and the other - to the dust and gas cleaning system, and the systemThe dust and gas cleaning unit consists of a mixing chamber, two smoke exhausters, a six-section gas cleaning unit, and two scrubbers. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two tapholes in the rear end wall, as well as three tapholes in the rear wall of the piggy bank for the release of molten metal, and each taphole has a lined rotary bowl with a lined groove welded to it, which can be rotated at an angle of 135 ° to provide metal pouring into the casting equipment located in a sector with an angle of 135 °, while each taphole is made in a quick-change taphole brick, which is fixed in a steel gripper, cast in one piece with the casting nose, and the grip is fastened with nuts and spring washers to the studs welded to the steel box of the furnace or piggy bank, a bushing and a roller are welded to the bottom of the lined rotary bowl, which rotates on a ball placed in the glass on the bracket. 3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that each mixer of the first, upper row is made in the form of a cast pipe with an outer diameter of 67 × 10 mm and a length of 380 mm, in which four nozzles are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while each mixer has a nozzle 290 mm long with an outer diameter of 72 mm, on the inner surface of which there are sixteen cast ribs with a diameter of 47 mm, the cast ribs on the side of movement of the gas-air mixture have lead-in part with a tip length of 5 mm, the angle of tip is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4 mm, the length of the thread is 15 mm, two flats are milled in the lower part of the nozzle, for the convenience of screwing it onto the mixer and screwing from it, while the mixers of the first row with nozzles and ribs cast in them, as well as a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel allow to increase the length of the torch of the first row up to 3.7 m. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that each mixer of the second row is made in the form of a cast pipe with an outer diameter of 67 × 10 mm and a length of 380 mm, in which four nozzles are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while in each mixer there is a nozzle 150 mm long with an outer diameter of 72 mm, on the inner surface of which there are sixteen cast ribs with a diameter of 47 mm, the cast ribs on the side of the gas-air mixture have a lead-in with a tip length of 5 mm, the angle of tip is 30 °, the height of the ribs is 4 mm, the length of the thread is 15 mm, in addition, two flats are milled in the lower part of the nozzle, for the convenience of screwing it onto the mixer and screwing from it, while the mixers of the second row and a cast flame-stabilizing tunnel allow a torch length of up to 2.8 m. 5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that each mixer of the third row is made in the form of a cast pipe and is in the upper part a pipe with a diameter of 32 × 5 mm, passing in the lower part into a pipe with a diameter of 64 × 10 mm and a length of 260 mm, taking into account an external thread of 15 mm, in which four nozzles are drilled along the periphery at an angle of 26 ° ± 1 ° to their axes with a countersink of the inlet part of 0.5 mm at an angle of 90 °, while each mixer has a nozzle 120 mm long with an outer diameter of 69 mm and an internal thread 15 mm long, and the nozzle has a device for the final mixing of the gas-air mixture, a 10 mm thick disc with an outer diameter of 46 mm, having twelve holes with a diameter of 3 mm, is welded into the groove of the nozzle, and a disk with flats and an outer diameter of 69 mm is screwed on from the end having one central hole with a diameter of 5 mm and eight holes with a diameter of 2.5 mm, drilled in a diameter of 20 mm, and twelve holes with a diameter of 1.6 mm, drilled at an angle of 25 ° to the axis of the nozzle, while the nozzle is made and with the possibility of obtaining a torch with a length of 950 mm, and with the possibility of replacing it with a new one when burning and melting during long-term operation. 6. The furnace according to claim. 1, characterized in that said mixers, nozzles for mixers, cast flame-stabilizing tunnel are cast from heat-resistant cast iron CHKH22S. 7. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory ramming mass for lining the burners and stuffing the space between the mixers has the following composition: mullite-corundum mortar MMK-85 37% technical lignosulfonate 16% powder of ground clay PGT 22% binder alumochromophosphate MIX 4% quartz sand grade 1K ten% water eleven%. 8. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for raising and lowering each shutter of the furnace slag windows and a piggy bank consists of an electric motor, a coupling, a worm gear, a drum, cables, a pulley with supports and a welded steel shutter lined with lightweight fireclay bricks with thermal insulation made of double sheet asbestos cardboard. 9. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a dust and gas cleaning system with a purified gas capacity of 45600 m ³ / hour, a hydrogen fluoride purification degree of 73%, a copper oxide purification degree of 85%, a carbon monoxide purification degree of 91% , the degree of purification for nitrogen oxide is 87%, the degree of purification for aluminum oxide is 81%, the degree of purification for dust is 87%, with the temperature of the gas being purified from 30 to 80 ° C.

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