RU2753030C1 - Protective mask with heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of medicine, namely to personal protective equipment, and can be used for protection of the population from bacterial infections, from direct ingress of small particles and dust into the respiratory organs. The protective mask with a heat exchanger comprises a front part with an inspiration valve and an expiration valve, configured to fit tightly on the face of the user and covering the nose and mouth of the user, a unit for fastening the mask on the head in the form of straps, a filtering element, a helmet. The helmet constitutes a heat exchanger and is made with three layers with at least two cavities formed between the layers: for the inhaled air and for the exhaled air. The inhaled air cavity has at least one hole for inspiration and is configured to heat the air from the natural temperature of the human head and from the temperature of the exhaled air. The exhaled air cavity has at least one expiration hole. Each of the cavities also has at least one hole wherein the inspiration and expiration tubes are installed, connected with the inspiration and expiration valves, respectively. The inspiration hole is equipped with a filter.

EFFECT: possibility of heating and purifying the inhaled air with a simple design.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to personal protective equipment and can be used to protect the population from bacterial infections, from direct ingress of small particles and dust into the respiratory system.

The known solution WO 2008021824 A2 includes a protective screen and a helmet with a built-in fan, due to which air enters the space under the screen.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of the possibility of heating the incoming air, vibration from the operating fan, dependence on the operation of the fan, the need for a power source for the fan to operate, and the absence of elements for heating the inhaled air. (WO 2008021824 A2, https://www.wipo.int/portal/ru/).

Another analogue can be considered the solution RU 2740866 C1 "Safety and communication system of the rescuer", which includes a head protection device and a full-face respiratory mask designed to fit snugly to the rescuer's face and equipped with a built-in microphone device, an exhalation unit and an inhalation unit connected to a lung demand valve having a channel for supplying air through the air hose from the reducer of a compressed air cylinder, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with a telephone and microphone headset, the head protection device is made in the form of a protective helmet, consisting of an inner frame and an outer shell made of one piece, made by the method of matrix pressing composite material, including a reinforcing filler made of glass cloth, carbon fiber and Kevlar based on a binder made of a slow-burning polymer with high heat resistance, impact strength and chemical resistance, and having a dome element made with the ability to cover the parietal, the occipital and frontal parts of the user's head, as well as two opposite side elements.

The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity of the design, requiring a compressed air cylinder, the absence of elements for heating the inhaled air. (RU 2740866 C1, https://new.fips.ru/)

The problem to which the claimed solution is directed is the development of a simple design of a protective mask having a heat exchanger capable of purifying and heating the inhaled air.

The essence of the invention

The problem is solved due to the fact that the face of the protective mask is connected to a heat exchanger (1) in the form of a helmet, made at least three layers, between which cavities are formed with openings for inhalation (1.1) and exhalation (1.2) of air in Fig. 2, 3. The inhalation and exhalation cavities are connected, respectively, by the inhalation and exhalation tubes with the inlet and exhalation valves located on the face of the protective mask.

The protective mask has a face (3) of FIG. 1, 3 with an inhalation valve (2.1) and an exhalation valve (4.1), designed to fit snugly against the user's face (6), closing the nose and mouth.

The valve (2.1) opens upon inhalation and lets air into the face of the mask; after inhalation, the valve (2.1) closes FIG. 1, 3. A filter (not shown in the figure) is installed in the inhalation opening (1.1).

The valve (4.1) opens on exhalation and releases air from the face of the mask; after exhalation, the valve (4.1) closes FIG. 13.

Heat exchanger (1) fig. 1-3 has the form of a helmet, made at least three-layer. There are at least two cavities between the layers: for inhaled air (1.1.1) and exhaled air (1.2.1). The cavities (1.1.1) and (1.2.1) have at least one opening each connecting the channel with the environment, an opening (1.1) for inhalation and an opening (1.2) for exhaling, FIG. 2, 3. Cavities (1.1.1), (1.2.1) have at least one hole, in which the tubes for inhalation (2) and exhalation (4) are installed, through which. Cavities (1.1.1), (1.2.1) are connected to the face (3) of the mask.

It should be noted that the air passing through the cavity of the inhaled air (1.1.1) warms up from the natural temperature of the human head and from the temperature of the exhaled air and enters the face of the mask warmer.

Tubes (2), (4) are made with thermal insulation.

The protective mask with a heat exchanger has fixing elements made in the form of straps.

In the particular case of the performance, the mask has buckles (5) fixed to the heat exchanger on the sides and a strap (5.1) fixed in the buckles (5) and around the chin, holding the heat exchanger on the user's head (6), straps (5.2) are fixed in each buckle ( 5) and on the face (3) of the mask, pressing it to the face of the user (6), and the strap (5.3) is fixed on the face (3) of the mask and goes around the neck of the user (6) holding the mask.

The straps (5.1), (5.2), (5.3) have length adjusters with latches.

In the particular case of execution, the cavity of both inhalation and exhalation inside the helmet can have a complex shape, for example, have partitions with holes, compartments with transitions.

In the case of performing several cavities of the same direction (inhalation), (exhalation), they can be connected to each other, additional channels or transitions, or holes.

In the particular case of execution, the face part of the mask (3) has the ability to drain the condensate formed during breathing. The face (3) of the mask has a condensate collection chamber, which has an opening closed by the drain plug (3.1) of FIG. 1.

In the particular case of execution, the heat exchanger (1) has the ability to drain the condensate formed during breathing. The expiratory cavity (1.2.1) has a condensate collection chamber, which has an opening closed by the drain plug (1.3) of FIG. 3, 4.

The technical result consists in the possibility of heating and purifying the air entering the inner space of the breathing mask with a simple design, as well as in the possibility of draining the condensate formed during breathing.

Brief Description of Drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protective mask with a heat exchanger on the user (front view);

in fig. 2 is a schematic view of a protective mask with a heat exchanger on the user (rear view);

in fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a protective mask with a heat exchanger on the user (left side view);

in fig. 4 is a callout of a part of FIG. 3.

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - heat exchanger;

1.1 - inhalation hole;

1.1.1 - inspiratory cavity;

1.2 - exhalation opening;

1.2.1 - expiratory cavity;

1.3 - cork;

2 - inhalation tube;

2. 1 - inhalation valve;

3 - front part;

3.1 - drain hole;

4 - an exhalation tube;

4.1 - exhalation valve;

5 - buckle;

5.1 - strap;

5.2 - strap;

5.3 - strap;

6 - user.

Implementation of the declared decision

The stated solution works as follows.

The user (6) puts on a protective mask, a heat exchanger-helmet (1) on top of the head, the face (3) of the mask from the side of the face, covering the nose and mouth. The tubes (2), (4) are located on the sides of the face of the user (6) of FIG. 1-3. Then fix, if necessary, adjust the position of the mask elements in accordance with the head girth using the strap length adjusters (5.1), (5.2), (5.3) and fix the set position.

After installation, the user breathes normally. When the user inhales (6), the valve (2.1) opens, air is taken from the external environment through the opening (1.1), cleaned in the filter, enters the inhalation cavity (1.1.1) inside the heat exchanger (1), through the tube (2) enters the front part (3) masks. After inhalation, the inhalation valve closes.

The flow of air exhaled by the user (6) opens the valve and exhaled air saturated with carbon dioxide through the tube (4), the exhalation cavity (1.2.1) of the heat exchanger (1) and the opening (i) (1.2) is released into the environment.

The design of the face shield provides heating and purification of the inhaled air from dust, small solid particles, smoke and foreign gases, reducing their harmful effects on the user's body.

Claims (8)

1. A protective mask with a heat exchanger, containing a face part with an inhalation valve and an exhalation valve, made with the possibility of snug fit to the user's face and covering the user's nose and mouth, a mask fixation unit on the head in the form of straps, a filter element, a helmet, characterized in that the helmet is a heat exchanger and is made of three layers with at least two cavities formed between the layers: for inhaled air and for exhaled air, the cavity of inhaled air has at least one opening for inhalation and is made with the possibility of warming up the air from the natural temperature of the human head and from the temperature of the exhaled air, the cavity of the exhaled air has at least one opening for exhalation, the cavities also have at least one opening each, in which the inhalation and exhalation tubes are installed, connected respectively to the inhalation and exhalation valves, the inhalation opening is equipped with a filter. 2. The protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that it has buckles on the helmet and a strap fixed in the buckles and the envelope of the chin, straps fixed in each buckle and on the face of the mask, and a strap fixed on the face of the mask and the envelope around the neck user. 3. Protective mask according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the straps have length adjusters with clamps. 4. A protective mask according to claim. 1, characterized in that the cavities inside the helmet may have, for example, partitions with holes, compartments with transitions. 5. A protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that it has several cavities of the same direction (inhalation, exhalation). 6. A protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavities are interconnected by additional channels or passages or holes. 7. The protective mask according to claim. 1, characterized in that the face of the mask has a condensate collection chamber with an opening closed by a drain plug. 8. The protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that the expiratory cavity has a condensate collection chamber with an opening closed by a drain plug.

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