RU2752912C1 - Combined method for development of thin ore veins - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for the development of deposits of valuable mineral raw materials, composed of strong rocks and including thin steeply deeping ore veins. The method involves the simultaneous formation of two leading slits, which are cut along the sides of a thin ore vein by an actuating device consisting of two diamond cutting discs mounted on the drive shaft of the rotation mechanism at an adjustable distance equal to the power of a thin ore vein. After cutting the leading slits, a cone roller rises, which removes the part of a thin ore vein exposed by the leading slits with the supply of the beaten ore mass to the receiving hopper for the ore mass. Then the diamond cutting discs are extended to the width of the cut recess, additional slits are cut with diamond cutting discs with simultaneous separation of the rock pillars with pointed cone roller. The beaten ore mass is fed into the receiving hopper for the ore mass. After the completion of the working cycle, which includes the development of a thin ore vein and rock pillars to the cutting depth, the telescopic frame is lifted and the subsequent repetition of the working cycles until the cut-through recess is formed to the calculated depth. Drilling of boreholes, their loading and blasting of a near-contour array of rocks with the formation of the necessary cross-section for the placement of the cutter-loader is carried out.

EFFECT: increase in productivity and technological efficiency by increasing the functionality, reliability, wear resistance and ensuring the selectivity of the excavation of thin ore veins, reducing dilution, reducing the energy intensity of the excavation of strong rocks.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for the development of deposits of valuable mineral raw materials, composed of strong rocks and including thin steeply dipping ore veins.

Known technologies for the development of thin ore bodies using mining machines equipped with milling working bodies [1-2].

The disadvantage of these technologies is the low efficiency of mining machines in the development of strong rocks.

The known method of mechanized development of thin gold veins together with mineralized host rocks at the Darasun mine [3].

The disadvantages of this method are the significant energy consumption of the mechanical extraction process and the large dilution of the rich ore of the thin vein with mineralized enclosing rocks, which leads to an increase in the cost of the processes of subsequent ore processing and a decrease in the metal yield.

There is a method of developing low-power inclined veins, performed by a milling device containing two paired disc cutters, a pneumatic transportation system for loosened rock mass, a frame with power devices and hydraulic supports providing autonomous step movement [4-5].

The disadvantages of this method are the significant energy consumption of the process of milling rocks and the low efficiency of equipment in the development of solid rocks.

A known method of sawing blocks of natural stone into slabs of various sizes by means of sawing machines with working bodies in the form of several cutting and one scoring diamond cutting discs [6].

The disadvantage of this method is the relatively shallow depth of the formed slots and the impossibility of using a scoring disk in relation to the conditions of cutting out a thin ore vein from the massif.

The closest in technological and technical essence are the technology of low-cut mining of solid minerals from thin layers and the executive body of the mining machine for its implementation [7-8]. The method includes the formation of a leading slot by the executive body of the combine and the subsequent separation of the rock pillars with pointed cutters.

The disadvantages of this method are the significant energy consumption of the excavation process when cutting slots with a milling actuator and the impossibility of selective excavation of thin ore veins with a capacity of the first tens of centimeters, as well as low wear resistance of cutting elements.

The technical result consists in increasing productivity and technological efficiency by increasing functionality, reliability, wear resistance and ensuring the selectivity of the extraction of thin ore veins, reducing dilution, reducing the energy intensity of the excavation of strong rocks.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a combined method for the development of thin ore veins, including the formation of a leading slot by the executive body of the combine and the subsequent separation of rock pillars with pointed cutters, two leading slots are simultaneously formed, which are cut along the sides of a thin ore vein by an executive body that includes two diamond cutting discs mounted on the drive shaft of the rotation mechanism at an adjustable distance equal to the power of a thin ore vein, while the diamond cutting discs, by means of a hydraulic cylinder of a telescopic frame pivotally attached to the body of the harvester, are installed at an angle of incidence of a thin ore vein, and after cutting the leading slots, the harvester along the rails moves to its original position, while a sharpened cutter rises by means of a hydraulic cylinder and a lever, which separates the part of a thin ore vein exposed by leading slots with the supply of the broken ore mass through the guide plate to the receiving the first hopper for ore mass, then the combine moves to its original position, the diamond cutting discs are expanded to the width of the cut to be cut, additional slots are cut with diamond cutting discs with simultaneous separation of the rock pillars with pointed cutters raised by means of a hydraulic cylinder and a lever, while the broken rock mass is the guide plate is fed into the receiving hopper for the rock mass, and after the completion of the working cycle, including the development of a thin ore vein and rock pillars to the cutting depth, the combine is returned to its original position, the telescopic frame is raised to a height corresponding to the cutting depth, and the subsequent repetition of the working cycles before the formation of the cut to be cut to the design depth, after which the bore-holes are drilled, their loading and blasting of the boundary rock mass with the formation of the required section for the placement of the combine.

The possibility of forming the required sequence of actions performed by the proposed means allows you to solve the problem, determines the novelty, industrial applicability and inventive level of development.

FIG. 1 is a general view of a combine cutting leading slots; in fig. 2 - section a-a in Fig. 1; in fig. 3 - separation of a part of a thin ore vein by a pointed cutter; in fig. 4 - cutting additional slots with diamond cutting discs; in fig. 5 - detachment of rock pillars with pointed cutters; in fig. 6 is a diagram of a near-contour array for explosive loosening.

The combined method for the development of thin ore veins is carried out by a combine 3 installed on rails 1 in the initial position 2, equipped with an executive body 4, pointed cutters 5, 6, a receiving hopper for ore mass 7, a receiving hopper for rock mass 8. The executive body 4 includes two diamond cutting discs 9, 10, mounted on the drive shaft 11 of the rotation mechanism 12 at an adjustable distance 13, equal to the power 14 of a thin ore vein 15. Diamond cutting discs 9, 10 are mounted under angle of incidence 20 of a thin ore vein 15. Sharp cutter 5 is mounted on a lever 21 with a guide plate 22 and is lifted by means of a hydraulic cylinder 23. Sharpened cutters 6 are installed on a lever 24 with a guide plate 25 and are raised by means of a hydraulic cylinder 26. Leading slots 27, 28 are cut along the sides 29 fine ore vein 15 to a cutting depth of 30 and expose part 31 of a thin ore vein 15. Additional slots 32, 33 are cut to the width 34 of the cut-out 35 to form rock pillars 36, 37. The formation of the cut-out 35 to the estimated depth 38 is carried out by successive lifts of the telescopic frame 17 to a height 39 corresponding to the cutting depth 30. The boreholes 40 are drilled in the near-contour rock mass 41 to form an opening 42 of the required section 43 by blasting.

The combined method for the development of thin ore veins is carried out as follows.

The miner 3 is simultaneously forming two leading slots 27, 28, which are cut along the sides 29 of the thin ore vein 15 by the executive body 4, including two diamond cutting discs 9, 10, installed on the drive shaft 11 of the rotation mechanism 12 at an adjustable distance 13, equal to the power 14 thin ore vein 15. Diamond cutting discs 9, 10, by means of a hydraulic cylinder 16 of a telescopic frame 17, 18 pivotally attached to the body 19 of the combine 3, are set at an angle of incidence 20 of a thin ore vein 15. After cutting the leading slots 27, 28, the combine 3 along the rails 1 moves to the initial position 2. By means of the hydraulic cylinder 23 and the lever 21, a pointed cutter 5 is raised, which separates the thin ore vein 15 exposed by the leading slots 27, 28 with the supply of the broken-off ore mass through the guide plate 22 into the receiving hopper for the ore mass 7. Then the combine 3 moves to the starting position 2, the diamond cutting discs 9, 1 are spread apart 0 to the width 34 of the cut to be cut 35. Additional slots 32, 33 are cut with diamond cutting discs 9, 10 with simultaneous tearing off of rock pillars 36, 37 with pointed cutters 6, raised by means of a hydraulic cylinder 26 and a lever 24. The broken rock mass is fed along the guide plate 25 to receiving hopper for rock mass 8. After the completion of the working cycle, including the development of a thin ore vein 15 and rock pillars 36, 37 to a cutting depth of 30, the combine 3 is returned to its original position 2, the telescopic frame 17 is raised to a height of 39, corresponding to a cutting depth 30 , and the subsequent repetition of the working cycles until the formation of the cut 35 to the design depth 38. Drilling of the boreholes 40 is performed, their loading and blasting of the boundary rock mass 41 with the formation of an opening 42 of the required section 43 to accommodate the combine 3.

The method provides an increase in productivity and technological efficiency by increasing the functionality, reliability and ensuring the selectivity of the extraction of thin ore veins, reducing dilution, reducing the environmental impact on the environment in the mining area.

Sources of information:

1. Cheban A.Yu. Method and equipment for open-pit mining of small-scale steeply dipping deposits. Bulletin of the Magnitogorsk State Technical University. G.I. Nosov. - 2017. - T. 15. - No. 3. - S. 18-23.

2. Cheban A.Yu. Improvement of geotechnology for the extraction of thin ore bodies with the use of a boom harvester // Bulletin of the Tula State University. Earth Sciences. - 2020. - No. 1. - S. 340-348.

3. Gorash Yu.Yu. Development of gold mining at the Darasun mine // Mining information and analytical bulletin. - 2004. - No. 11. - S. 154-156.

4. RF patent No. 2705984 dated 11/14/2019. Method for the development of low-power oblique veins.

5. Cheban A.Yu. Technology of ore bodies processing by a mining installation equipped with an autonomous mining module // Mine survey and subsoil use. - 2019. - No. 4. - S. 22-28.

6. Chirkov A.S. Extraction and processing of building rocks - M .: Publishing house MGGU, 2005. - P. 564.

7. Dmitrak Yu.V., Kartavy A.N., Kartavyi N.G., Serov V.A. Technique and technology of low-cut mining of solid minerals from thin layers // Mining information and analytical bulletin. -2011. - No. S4-7. - C. 3-13.

8. RF patent No. 2480585 dated 04/27/2013. Mining machine executive body.

Claims (1)

A combined method for the development of thin ore veins, including the formation of a leading slot by the executive body of the combine and the subsequent separation of the rock pillars with pointed cutters, characterized in that two leading slots are simultaneously formed, which are cut along the sides of a thin ore vein by an executive body that includes two diamond cutting discs mounted on the drive shaft of the rotation mechanism at an adjustable distance equal to the power of a thin ore vein, while the diamond cutting discs are set at the angle of fall of the thin ore vein by means of a hydraulic cylinder of a telescopic frame pivotally attached to the combine body, and after cutting the leading slots, the combine moves along the rails to its original position , at the same time, by means of a hydraulic cylinder and a lever, a sharpened cutter rises, which separates the part of a thin ore vein exposed by leading slits with the supply of the broken ore mass through a guide plate into a receiving hopper for ore masses s, then the harvester moves to its original position, the diamond cutting discs are extended to the width of the cut to be cut, additional slots are cut with diamond cutting discs with simultaneous separation of the rock pillars with pointed cones lifted by means of a hydraulic cylinder and a lever, while the broken rock mass is fed into receiving hopper for the rock mass, and after the completion of the working cycle, including the development of a thin ore vein and rock pillars to the cutting depth, the combine is returned to its original position, the telescopic frame is raised to a height corresponding to the cutting depth, and the subsequent repetition of the working cycles until the cutting cut is formed to the design depth, after which the boreholes are drilled, loaded and blasted out of the near-contour rock mass with the formation of the required section to accommodate the combine.

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