RU2747040C1 - Fire extinguishing cassette - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fire engineering, in particular to fire extinguishing devices in explosion hazard conditions. The proposed device allows one to extinguish the ignition center at a safe distance for the personnel involved in fire extinguishing, with minimal risk to life in explosion hazard conditions (explosions of missiles, ammunition, explosives).

EFFECT: quick and unhindered fire extinguishing, including the possibility of extinguishing from closed positions, which reduces the likelihood of damage the fire team by the explosion and combustion products, increasing the area of effective fire extinguishing, and increasing the distance to the ignition source.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire engineering, in particular to devices for extinguishing a fire in an explosion hazard.

A device for extinguishing a fire is known from the prior art, when extinguishing a fire source is carried out by supplying a fire extinguishing agent through pressure hoses, hand barrels, a foam generator, a fire monitor (see KAMAZ vehicles and special equipment for dual purposes, Chelyabinsk, publishing house "Typography Autograph" 2004 p. 64. Open edition).

The known fire extinguishing device makes it possible to reduce the rate of spread of fire and interrupt further spread.

Also known from the prior art are devices for extinguishing fires in the form of carbon dioxide and water-foam fire extinguishers, one of which also includes a powder fire extinguisher, including a container for storing powder, a pyro cartridge, a starting device (see Technical description OP-5. GOST R - 51057 - 2001 p. 4 p. 4.6. Open edition). With the help of this device, the fire brigade has the ability to extinguish fires, but with a certain risk to life and health, especially in conditions of high explosiveness.

In addition, a device is known in the form of a fire-fighting rocket-propelled grenade, which includes a body, an explosive charge, a fire-extinguishing powder, a fuse and a reactive part (see Description of the invention "Fire-fighting rocket-propelled grenade" Patent No. 2442624 Published on 20.02.2012, Bulletin No. 5. Author and patentee Gerasimov A.V. Open edition). This device is the closest to the proposed technical solution and is taken as a prototype.

The use of the device makes it possible to increase the efficiency of fire fighting means at explosive objects, to increase the range of safe use of technical equipment, and to reduce labor costs for the elimination of these emergencies. However, the disadvantage of this device can be considered the imperfection of its design, expressed in the fact that the device uses a contact fuse, triggered by direct contact of a fire-fighting rocket grenade with a burning surface. The release of the extinguishing composition when the explosive charge is triggered forms a sphere in a radius of about 3 m, in which the combustion stops due to the lack of oxygen supply to the burning materials. But given the fact that fire, as a rule, can spread from bottom to top, covering vertical structures that support combustion, and therefore it is advisable to extinguish from above, which this device does not provide, and the extinguishing area can be significantly limited due to being directly next to with a dropped rocket-propelled grenade of objects that do not support combustion and prevent the extensive spread of the extinguishing agent over the area of fire.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of fighting fires, including riding on explosive objects, to increase the range of safe use of fire extinguishing means for personnel, to ensure unhindered extinguishing of the fire center from above, to increase the effective extinguishing area, to reduce labor costs for the elimination of these emergencies.

The technical solution of the proposed invention is the use of a cassette, the body of which has a tail unit and which structurally consists of three parts. In the main part there is a sealed container with outlet openings (nozzles) closed by valves, containing a pressurized fire extinguishing composition. In the second part there is a parachute compartment with an expelling charge, a metal plate and a parachute itself. And also the head part with the placement of the distance sensor in it, connected by means of electric wires with the actuators that open the valves in the outlet openings (nozzles).

The technical result of the proposed invention is a fast and unhindered fire extinguishing, including with the possibility of extinguishing from closed positions, which reduces the likelihood of damage to the fire brigade by explosion products and combustion, increasing the area of effective fire extinguishing, increasing the distance to the source of ignition.

At the same time, the essence of the operation of a fire extinguishing cassette is that to extinguish a fire source in an explosive atmosphere, the cassette is delivered to the fire source using a launcher placed on a protected vehicle, or with the help of aviation, and the cassette containing a fire extinguishing composition sprayed over the source of ignition at the command of the sensor, descends in free flight on a parachute system, providing fire extinguishing from above.

A cassette for extinguishing a fire, including a body, an explosive charge, a fire extinguishing powder, a fuse and a reactive part, characterized in that the cassette body, which has a tail unit, has three parts, in the main part there is a container with outlets and a fire extinguishing agent contained in it under pressure, a head a part of the cassette containing a distance sensor with a battery, a time relay connected by means of electric wires with actuating elements that open valves located in the outlet openings of the container, as well as a parachute compartment with a protective cover containing an expelling charge capable of pushing out a metal plate when triggered on the parachute system in order to exit the parachute compartment outside and further disclosure under the influence of wind pressure during the flight of the cassette.

The invention is illustrated by the figure, which shows a cassette device for extinguishing a fire, where: 1 - cassette body; 2 - tail unit, 3 - parachute system; 4 - capacity; 5 - outlet openings (nozzles); 6 - cassette head; 7 - distance sensor with battery; 8 - time relay; 9 - electric wires; 10 - executive element; 11 - valves; 12 - parachute compartment; 13 - expelling charge; 14 - metal plate; 15 - protective cover.

The cassette constructively consists of a body that has a tail unit that stabilizes it in flight until the parachute system is deployed. In the main part there is a sealed container in which a fire extinguishing composition is contained under pressure. For its uniform exit from the container, outlet openings are provided in the form of nozzles, which are permanently closed by valves opened by executive elements, made, for example, in the form of electromagnets with rods at the command of a distance sensor with a battery.

A distance sensor with a battery, a time relay and actuators are located in the cassette head. The distance sensor is supplied with electricity from a power source in the form of a chemical current source and is designed to timely supply a signal supplied through electric wires through a time relay to the actuators, as well as directly to the opening of the parachute system located in the parachute compartment in the tail (bottom) part of the cassette. The time relay regulates the transmission of signals with a time difference, first to the operation of the parachute system, and then to the actuators that open the valves.

The parachute system is designed for braking the cassette during its free fall over the ignition source. The parachute compartment also includes an expelling charge, which is a pyrotechnic composition placed in a capsule, a metal plate that protects the parachute system from gases released when the expelling charge is triggered. Also, the metal plate, due to the impact on its surface of gases released from the detonated expelling charge, creates a buoyancy force on the parachute system, which it pushes out of the parachute compartment, pushing the protective cover. In the parachute compartment, a protective cover made, for example, of a polymer material, serves to protect the parachute system and the propelling charge from adverse environmental influences (changes in temperature, humidity, etc.), as well as mechanical damage during storage and transportation of the cassette.

The cassette is delivered to a specific area of the airspace using a launcher or aircraft. When the cassette approaches the ignition source at the set distance, the distance sensor is triggered, which sends a signal through the electric wires to trigger the parachute system and the actuators that open the valves. The cassette descends in free fall over the fire source, the extinguishing agent comes out through the outlet openings and is sprayed onto the fire source, extinguishing it.

An example of how the device works. The cassette body 1 has a tail unit 2 that stabilizes the cassette during flight before the parachute system 3 opens. Also, the cassette body 1 has a container 4 with outlet openings 5 and a fire extinguishing agent contained in the container 4 under pressure. In the head part of the cassette 6 there is a distance sensor with a battery 7 and a time relay 8 connected by means of electric wires 9 with actuating elements 10 that open valves 11 for the extinguishing agent to exit from the tank 4. The signal is also fed through electric wires 9 to an expelling charge located in the parachute compartment 12 13, which, when triggered by the pressure of the generated gases, pushes the metal plate 14 and the parachute system 3 out of the parachute compartment 12, while throwing off the protective cover 15 in the parachute compartment 12. The cassette in free fall descends over the source of fire and extinguishes it from above with a fire extinguishing agent.

Thus, the proposed device allows, at a safe distance for personnel involved in extinguishing a fire, to extinguish the fire site with minimal risk to life in explosive conditions (explosions of missiles, ammunition, explosives). For delivery, a cassette to the source of fire can be used by a launcher placed on a vehicle, as well as aviation.

Literature

1. Automobiles KAMAZ and special equipment of dual purpose, Chelyabinsk, publishing house "Typography Autograph" 2004, p. 64. Open edition.

2. Technical description of OP-5. GOST R - 51057 - 2001 p. 4 p. 4.6. Open edition.

3. Description of the invention "Fire-fighting rocket grenade" Patent No. 2442624 Published on February 20, 2012, Bulletin No. 5. Author and patentee Gerasimov A.V. Open edition.

Claims (1)

A cassette for extinguishing a fire, including a body, an explosive charge, a fire extinguishing powder, a fuse and a reactive part, characterized in that the cassette body, which has a tail unit, has three parts, in the main part there is a container with outlets and a fire extinguishing composition contained in it under pressure , a cassette head containing a distance sensor with a battery, a time relay connected by means of electric wires with actuators that open valves located in the outlet openings of the container, as well as a parachute compartment with a protective cover containing an expelling charge capable of pushing out a metal plate when triggered acting on the parachute system in order to exit the parachute compartment outside and further disclosure under the influence of wind pressure during the flight of the cassette.

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