RU2632219C1 - Method of active radiomasking radioelectronic means by stations of active interference and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: in the method of active radiomasking the radioelectronic means by stations of active interference, it is proposed to interface and synchronise the station of active interference and radioelectronic means with the help of coupling and synchronising devices so that active interference is created by simultaneous and synchronous emission of information and interference signals of the active interference station and radioelectronic means combined by devices of interface and synchronisation, provided that the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility between the station of active interference and radio receivers of the radioelectronic means are met. For the implementation of the method, the active interference station and the masked radioelectronic means are mated and synchronised with each other through the coupling and synchronising devices via any available communication channels, for example, wire, radio, radio relay, etc. The use of directional antennas at a station of active interference during the implementation of the method leads to a significant reduction in the distance ensuring compliance with the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility between the active interference station and radio receivers of the radioelectronic means.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of active radiomasking the radio electronic means.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radio engineering and can be used to protect electromagnetic radiation from the VHF range of radio electronic equipment (RES) from space radio and radio intelligence.

A known method of electronic suppression of a radio communication system [2], which consists in the fact that the method discloses the use of an aircraft as a carrier of a REP complex, held on a receiver-transmitter line at the minimum possible distance from the receiver. The REP complex receives the probing information signal of the suppressed system, reproduces its carrier frequencies from it, and generates an interfering signal, which is amplified and emitted in the direction of the suppressed means. In the radiation periodically with a period of the order of three seconds, pauses are made with a duration of the order of three milliseconds, during which a sounding information signal of the transmitter is received and the frequencies of the interfering signals are refined in the event of new carrier frequencies.

A known method of creating unmodulated active interference to suppress mobile communications in the conditions of multipath interference and signal [3], which consists in the fact that they receive the signals of the suppressed means, generate and emit using the antenna a continuous interfering signal at the operating frequency of the suppressed means. In this case, the antenna rotates in a circle whose radius is λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the interfering signal.

The above methods have several disadvantages: firstly, the need to register (receive) the sounding (information) signals of the suppressed electronic means imposes a restriction on the use of this method for radio suppression of systems without transmitters (receivers of technical means of radio and radio reconnaissance); secondly, the need to generate an interfering signal in the main lobe of the radiation pattern greatly complicates the implementation of the method, since it is necessary to use special devices that distinguish the main and side lobes of the antenna of the suppressed means; thirdly, the impossibility of accurately determining the fact of radio suppression of the suppressed means; fourthly, unmasking the station's position of active interference and, as a result, increasing the probability of its destruction.

A known method of creating unmodulated active radio interference [4], which consists in the formation and emission of continuous harmonic oscillations at the tuning frequency of the suppressed electronic means.

Along with unmasking the position of the active jamming station, this method has low efficiency of suppressing tools that use complex broadband noise-like signals, since the active jamming station in this case does not register (receives) the sounding (information) signals of the suppressed electronic means and, as a result, does not have it (suppressed agent) signature.

Closest to the proposed invention is a method of active radio and radio technical masking (AWP and ARTM), carried out by radiation, relaying special noise interference or imitating and false signals that exclude or impede the detection of radiations, the determination of their location, measurement of parameters, operating modes and quantities [1].

In this case, the conditions for camouflage are:

R_п≤R_с,

R _p ≤R _s

- мощность помехи и сигнала на входе разведывательного приемника; R_п и R_c - расстояния от самолета радиотехнической разведки до станции помех и РЭС соответственно.where ƒ _res and ƒ _p - operating frequencies of jamming stations and RES; Δƒ _c and Δƒ _p is the width of the spectrum of the noise and signal;

- interference power and signal at the input of the reconnaissance receiver; R _p and R _c are the distances from the aircraft electronic intelligence to the jamming station and RES, respectively.

This method has certain disadvantages. Active interference is generated exclusively by the active jamming station. Simultaneous asynchronous emission of interfering and information signals, along with unmasking the position of the active interference station, leads to low efficiency of the implementation of the stated goals of the method, associated primarily with the fact that various in duration and time of start and end of radiation is quite easy to detect, separate and, how as a consequence, process their parameters, which, in turn, will lead to the detection of radiation from RES, the determination of their location, the measurement of parameters, operating modes and quantities.

The aim of the invention is to pair and synchronize the operation of an active jamming station and electronic means for radiation, which will provide a technical result consisting in increasing the effectiveness of active radio masking of electronic means, as well as eliminating, significantly complicating the detection of emissions of both a masked radio electronic station and an active jamming station radio masking, determining their location, measuring parameters, operating modes and their quantity by means of space radio and radio otehnicheskoy enemy intelligence.

This technical result in the proposed method is achieved by the fact that between the station of active interference and the masked radio electronic device, a conjugation and synchronization device is introduced, which allows generating an active interference by simultaneously and synchronously emitting information and interference signals of the radio electronic device and the active interference station, and ensure that the electromagnetic compatibility requirements are met between the station of active interference and radio receivers of electronic equipment.

Space radio and radio reconnaissance is carried out by the spacecraft 1 in the overview and detailed modes as shown in FIG. 1. Moreover, in the survey reconnaissance mode, the beam width of the antenna device lies within θ _a ≥20 °, and in the detailed θ _a ≥2 °. Thus, when the comic reconnaissance apparatus 1 is in a circular orbit with an altitude of H _k = 1000 km, depending on the conditions of reconnaissance, the directivity pattern of the antenna device forms a reconnaissance zone 6 on the Earth’s surface with a radius of about 353 km for a survey mode and a reconnaissance zone 5 with a radius about 34 km for a detailed reconnaissance regime, respectively.

If a spacecraft 1 is used for reconnaissance in a geostationary orbit with an altitude of H _g = 37,000 km, depending on the conditions of reconnaissance, the directivity pattern of the antenna device forms a reconnaissance zone 6 on the Earth’s surface with a radius of about 13090 km for a survey mode and a reconnaissance zone of 5 s with a radius of about 1258 km for a detailed reconnaissance regime, respectively.

When radio-electronic equipment 4 enters the reconnaissance zone, the radiation of its transmitter becomes available to the spacecraft 1 of radio and radio reconnaissance and, as a result, its location is determined, parameters, operation modes and the number of transmitters are measured.

With the aim of eliminating, significantly complicating the detection of RES 4 radiation, determining its location, measuring parameters, operating modes and their amount by means of space radio and radio reconnaissance of the enemy, an active radio masking method is proposed, namely, that the active jamming station 2 and the electronic means 4 simultaneously and simultaneously working on radiation, they form an active noise, which is an additive mixture of their signals, while the signal parameters and operating modes of both means in are selected in advance and as close as possible to each other.

Simultaneous and synchronous operation of RES and SAP for radiation in direction 8 - to the spacecraft of radio and radio intelligence 1, will lead to a significant decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio at the input of the suppressed means receiver.

[2]The signal-to-noise ratio q at the input of the reconnaissance receiver at the time of the absence of radio suppression depends on the power of the information signal P _s and the spectral density of the noise power

[2]

Considering that the noise power at the input of the reconnaissance receiver depends on the intrinsic noise of the receiving device and the noise of the antenna, and their absolute values are much less than the power of the interfering signal P _p , the spectral width of which is equal to the spectral width of the information signal and is known, the values of these quantities can be neglected and the expression ( 1) will take the form

In this case, if the radio and electronic reconnaissance means determine the location of the masked radio electronic means, the signal-to-noise ratio q at the receiver input will substantially depend on the power of the interfering signal of the active jamming station and the smaller the higher the superiority of the interfering signals over the information ones.

A similar conclusion is also true for the opposite case, when the means of radio and radio reconnaissance are used to determine the location of the station of active interference, in this case the information signal will be the interference radiation of the station of active interference, and the interference signal will be information signals of the masked electronic means.

To determine the location of the radiation source in the radio range, various direction finding methods are used, depending on the antenna systems placed on board the reconnaissance spacecraft.

Limit (potential) RMS bearing angle measurement error σ _φ depending on the selected direction finding method can be calculated by the following formulas [5]

with the amplitude method of direction finding for maximum signals

with an amplitude direction finding method by comparing signals

with the phase direction finding method

where θ _a is the width of the direction finder antenna diagram;

d is the length of the direction finder base;

λ is the wavelength.

Obviously, with decreasing q, regardless of the direction-finding method, the limiting (potential) root-mean-square error of measuring the angle of the bearing σ _ϕ will increase, which will lead to an increase in the error in determining the location of the masked electronic means, and in the proposed method also the active interference station.

When implementing the method, it is necessary to comply with the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility of the active jamming station 2 and the radio receiving devices 3 included in the radio network of the electronic means 4 related to the implementation of the norms of territorial separation 7. The calculations performed for the heights of the antennas of the active jamming station 2 and the electronic means 4 equal to 4 and 20 meters, respectively, show that the minimum permissible distance between the active jamming station 2 and the radio receiving means 3, which ensures compliance with the According to their electromagnetic compatibility, lies within 27 km, which allows us to implement the proposed method even when the reconnaissance spacecraft 1 operates in detailed mode.

The use of directional antennas at the active jamming station 2 and the orientation of the antenna pattern of the active jamming station 10 relative to the radiation pattern of the radio receiving device 9 when implementing the method can lead to a significant reduction in the distance 7, ensuring compliance with electromagnetic compatibility requirements between the active jamming station and the radio receiving devices of the electronic means.

To implement the method, a device is proposed, the essence and principle of operation of which is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. 2 shows the structural-functional diagram of providing external control of the station of active interference by electronic means:

1 - a device for pairing and synchronization, consisting of:

1.1 control panel;

1.2 radiation control unit;

1.3 block synchronization of the operating frequency and phase;

1.4 block synchronization of the spectrum width of the SAP signal;

1.5 block synchronization type of work of SAP and RES;

1.6 block synchronization of the type of work of SAP and RES;

1.7 switching block;

1.8 signal conversion unit;

1.9 display unit;

2 - station active interference;

3 - radio receiver;

4 - electronic means;

5 - channel-forming equipment.

In order to accomplish this task, it is proposed to use an interface and synchronization device 1 to pass the active jamming station 2 under external control to the operator or process controlling the electronic means, so that when the radio electronic equipment is switched on to work on radiation, it would be simultaneously and synchronously switched on to work on radiation, and SAP . In this case, the parameters of the interfering signal of the SAP are selected and assigned as close as possible to the parameters of the RES.

The device operates as follows: in order to implement active radio masking, the operator of RES 4 in advance, through an intercom channel formed by channel-forming equipment 5, agrees with the operator of SAP 2 to connect the interface and synchronization device 1.

After connecting the interface and synchronization devices 1 to the SAP and RES, the operator of the RES using the control panel 1.1 and blocks 1.3-1.6 creates the parameters of the RES signal to configure the SAP, then the corresponding interface and synchronization signals are sent to the switching unit 1.7 and the signal conversion unit 1.8, where the signals are combined and the parameters of the combined information signal are matched with the parameters of the channel-forming equipment 5. Further, according to the elements of the channel-forming equipment 5, depending on you rannogo communication channel signal is transmitted to the input of the coupling device and synchronization EPS 1, in which the inverse transformation of the combined data signal, dividing it into separate signal parts and transfer them to corresponding blocks 1.3-1.6 coupler and the synchronization 1 SAP.

The current settings of SAP 2 from the corresponding blocks of the synchronization interface unit 1 SAP will be displayed on the display panel of the display unit 1.9.

In the event that the control of the SAP is digital, then the reconfiguration of the SAP in accordance with the received settings of the RES through the signal conversion unit 1.8 of the device for coupling and synchronization of 1 SAP will happen automatically. If the CAD control is analog, then the CAD setting in accordance with the received RES settings, which are displayed on the panel of the indicating unit 1.9, will be performed by the CAD operator in manual mode. After setting up the SAP, its operator, through the intercom channel, will convey the information on the readiness of the SAP to work with the operator of the radio electronic equipment and using the 1.1 control panel and the radiation control unit, will transfer the electronic computer to the direct control of the radiation of the electronic computer for the electronic radio station.

After these manipulations, the actions of the operator of the RES or the process controlling the RES, aimed at turning on the RES to work on radiation, simultaneously and simultaneously lead to the inclusion of EPS for working on radiation.

Implement the proposed method is quite easy. Modern stations of active interference have external shields equipped with connectors for transferring the station under external control in the automatic mode to the interference control point. Instead of an interference control station, an active interference station is transferred through an interface and synchronization device to the external control of the electronic means involved in the implementation of the active radio masking method.

An active jamming station and a masked electronic device are interfaced and synchronized with each other through an interface and synchronization device via any available communication channel, for example, wired radio, radio relay, etc. This creates the conditions for transferring an active jamming station under external control of the electronic device.

The use of directional antennas at an active jamming station during the implementation of the method can lead to a significant reduction in the distance ensuring compliance with the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility between the active jamming station and the radio receivers of the electronic means.

In the proposed method, there is no need to register (receive) the sounding (information) signals of the suppressed electronic means, since the characteristics of the signal that must be masked to exclude (significant difficulty) direction finding, namely the information signals of the masked electronic means, are known.

By means of conjugation and synchronization devices, either automatic or manual tuning of the active jamming station takes place in accordance with the parameters of the electronic means. It is important to note the fact that with the same characteristics of the signals of the active jamming station and the masked electronic means, both the active jamming station can radio mask the radio electronic means and the masked radio electronic signal can radio mask the active jamming stations from direction finding by radio and electronic reconnaissance equipment.

In addition, a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio, leading to an increase in σ _ϕ , will simultaneously entail the exclusion (significant difficulty) of revealing the characteristics and contents of the received signal, which is a complex additive mixture of an information signal, an interfering signal that simulates an informational, artificial and natural interference as well as the internal noise of the intelligence receiver itself.

A comparative analysis of the essential features of the prototype and the proposed method shows that the claimed invention due to the creation of active interference by simultaneous and synchronous radiation of information and interference signals of the electronic means and the active interference station, combined by interfacing and synchronization devices, provided that the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility between the active interference station are met and radio receivers of electronic means, allows to obtain a technical result t, which consists in increasing the effectiveness of active radio masking of electronic equipment, as well as the exclusion, significant difficulty in detecting emissions of both a masked radio electronic station and an active jamming station performing radio masking, determining their location, measuring parameters, operating modes and their quantity by means of space radio and radio engineering enemy intelligence, which was not possible in the prototype.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Menshakov Yu.K. Fundamentals of protection against technical intelligence: textbook. allowance; under the general. ed. M.P. Sychev. - M.: Publishing House of MSTU. N.E. Bauman, 2011 .-- 478 p.

2. The method of electronic suppression of a radio communication system. Patent for invention No. RU 520559 dated June 27, 2014

3. A method of creating unmodulated active interference to suppress mobile communications in the conditions of multipath interference and signal. Patent for invention №RU 308049 dated October 10, 2007

4. Paly A.I. Electronic warfare. - M .: Military Publishing House, ed. 2nd, rev. and add., 1989, p. 12-15, p. 34-35.

5. Horev A.A. Technical protection of information: textbook. manual for university students. In 3 t. T. 1. Technical channels of information leakage. - M .: SPC "Analytics", 2008. - 436 p.

Claims (2)

1. The method of active radio masking of electronic equipment, which consists in the fact that radio and radio technical masking is carried out by radiation, relaying noise interference or imitating and false signals, characterized in that by interfacing and synchronizing the active interference station and the masked radio electronic device, the active interference station is set up in accordance with the parameters of the electronic means so that the parameters of the active interference station are as close as possible to the parameters of the radioelectronic of the electronic means, they form an active interference in the form of an additive mixture of signals of the active interference station and the electronic means by simultaneously and simultaneously emitting information and interference signals of the electronic means and the active interference station with the possibility of providing both radio masking of the electronic means by the active interference station and radio masking of the active interference station by electronic means, and the electromagnetic compatibility of the active jamming station and the radioelectronic receiver Nogo means provide compliance with the rules of their spatial separation through the use of directional antennas at the station jamming and orientation of the antenna station jamming chart regarding antenna pattern receiving device electronic means. 2. A device for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising an active jamming station and a masked radio electronic device with a radio receiving device, characterized in that two pairing and synchronization devices are introduced, interconnected by a service communication channel, the first pairing device and synchronization is connected with the active jamming station, and the second interface and synchronization device is connected with masked electronic means, and the antenna pattern of the active jamming station oriented relative to the radiation pattern of the antenna of the radio receiving device of the masked electronic equipment.

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