RU2625210C2 - Aircraft plane ditching system level pressure float - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: aircraft plane ditching system level pressure float comprises a casing of a predetermined volume divided with internal flexible partitions into two or more sections, safety and charging valves in each section and the mounting elements of the float. The refilling volumes formed by the internal intersectional partitions double-face whipping contour, are divided into separate volumes provided with the possibility of filling with gas and at the same time filling all the float sections. Charging valves of each float section are provided with specified resistance throttle valves.

EFFECT: gas pressure constancy in the float at a decompression of one section, reducing of the entire system mass, improvement of float reliability and safety.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aviation, in particular to aircraft rescue systems during emergency landing on water, and in particular to the device of floats designed to create buoyancy sufficient to maintain an aircraft, such as a helicopter, on the surface of the water.

The aircraft rescue system may contain two or more pairs of inflatable floats, the internal volume of which is divided into sections by elastic tight partitions. In case of depressurization of one of the sections, the partitions are bent, partially replenishing the lost volume and thereby ensuring a safe level of buoyancy of the float. The floats are filled from a compressed gas system containing high-pressure cylinders with charge-discharge blocks, which are connected by pipelines to each section of the floats.

Known systems for rescue aircraft during their emergency landing on water, including inflatable floats (US patents No. 3004737, 244-102, 1962, Germany No. 3812702, MKI V64C 25/56, 1989, France No. 245546, MKI V64C 25/56, 1981; Russian patents No. 2001843, MKI B64D 1/00, 1992, No. 2130405 MKI B64C 25/56 1997, No. 2123454 MKI B64C 25/54 1997, No. 2120886 MKI B64C 25 / 56 1996, No. 2191139 MKI B64C 27, B64C 25/56, B64C 25/54 1997).

According to the technical nature of the patent of Russia №2001843, MKI B64D 1/00 1992 (Fig. 8 position 42, 43) is selected as the closest prototype.

A common drawback of the device of the prototype floats and floats described in the other patents mentioned is that when the elastic partition bends towards the depressurized volume, the gas pressure substantially drops in the remaining working sections of the float. The higher the degree of replenishment of the volume of the depressurized section, the greater the pressure drop in the remaining working sections, and the most significant drop in gas pressure will be in the extreme sections, because the replenishment process is accompanied by an increase in the volume of only one working section.

The fact of a drop in gas pressure in the remaining working sections of the float forces to introduce into the technical task for the development of the system the requirement for the minimum gas pressure in the float, which must be ensured in case of depressurization of one of its sections. This requirement, for example, when the degree of replenishment of the volume Δ = 1/3 leads to an increase in the initial overpressure in the float by 5 times, and also increases the required volume of pressure accumulators by 25%, which together determines the increase in excess weight of the constituent elements of the entire emergency flooding system and reduces its reliability.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the floats and ensure the minimum mass of the rescue system of aircraft in case of emergency splashdown.

The objective of the invention is solved by the fact that it is proposed to use constant pressure floats, which in case of depressurization of one of the sections retain the working gas pressure in the remaining working sections.

The technical result obtained is characterized by the following essential features:

- in order to keep the gas pressure in the float constant during depressurization of one of the sections, the replenishment volumes formed by the double-sided deflection contour of the internal intersection partitions are separated into separate internal replenishment volumes, equipped with the possibility of filling with gas at the same time as filling all sections of the float.

- in order to ensure a pressure differential between the internal volume of the replenishment and the volume of the sections sufficient to give the shell a volume of replenishment, the charging valves of each section of the float are equipped with chokes of a given resistance.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a float consisting of two sections and one internal volume of replenishment.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a float consisting of three sections and two internal replenishment volumes.

The constant pressure float device of FIG. 1, 2 includes:

The shell of the float (1) of a given shape (for example, a ball, cylinder or a truncated cone with spherical or elliptical ends). Left extreme (2), right extreme (3) and middle (10) sections of the float. The allocated internal replenishment volumes (4) with the surfaces of the partitions (5) and (6). Inlet valves (7) of sections (2), (3), (10) of the float with throttles (8). Intake valves (9) replenishment volumes (4)

V ₁ , V ₂ and V ₃ - respectively, the volumes of the left extreme, right extreme and middle sections.

ΔV ₂ + ΔV ₁ is the volume of replenishment of a 2-section float.

ΔV ₃₂ + ΔV ₁ and ΔV ₃₂ + ΔV ₁ are the replenishment volumes of a 3-section float.

PV - pressure and filling volume of the float.

The constant pressure float device operates as follows (Fig. 1, 2):

In known floats with a partition between sections, depressurization of one of the sections leads to squeezing of the partition by pressure of the sealed sections to the side of the depressurized one. For example, in FIG. 1 depressurization of the section (3) would lead to extrusion of the partition into the surface position (6), and depressurization of the section (2) to extrude the partition into the surface position (5). Combining surfaces (5) and (6), we obtain the total isolated internal volume of replenishment ΔV ₂ + ΔV ₁ (in Fig. 1) and ΔV ₃₂ + ΔV ₁ and ΔV ₃₂ + ΔV ₁ (in Fig. 2). These volumes can be filled with gas simultaneously with the filling of the volumes of sections (2) (3) and (10).

Thus, the principle of operation of the float (1) with constant working pressure is based on the fact that the volume of replenishment (4) (Fig 1, 2) provided for the case of depressurization of the section V ₁ or V ₂ or V ₃ are filled and take the desired shape in advance in the process of filling the float with gas from pressure accumulators. As a result, during depressurization of any of the sections of the float, the pressure in the remaining working sections will not practically change and will be close to the initial one, because the volume of replenishment with its shape constantly preserves the necessary configuration of the float, which it should have in case of loss of tightness of one of the sections.

So that the surfaces (5) and (6) of the replenishment volumes (4) after the float (1) is fully open, have some tension, inductors (8) are included in the float circuits (Figs. 1, 2), which, when the float is filled with its predetermined flow resistance gas create a small pressure drop between the volumes of the sections V ₁ (2), V ₂ (3), V ₃ (10) and the volume of replenishment (4).

In a 2-section float (Fig. 1), it is enough to have one internal volume of replenishment (4). In a 3-section float (Fig. 2) - two internal volumes (4). In the 4 section - three internal volumes, etc.

The proposed device float constant pressure allowed:

- to ensure the constancy of the gas pressure in the float during depressurization of one section;

- eliminate the need to increase the initial overpressure of the gas in the float, while maintaining its required value at the initial level;

- prevent excessive weight gain of the entire system;

- to increase the reliability and safety of the float when landing the apparatus on the water.

The positive effect of the application of the invention is confirmed by the results of autonomous tests of a full-size model of the float of the emergency helicopter splashdown system.

Claims (2)

1. The constant pressure float of the emergency landing system of an aircraft, comprising a shell of a predetermined volume, divided by internal elastic partitions into two or more sections, safety and charging valves in each section and fastening elements of the float, characterized in that in order to keep the gas pressure in the float constant during depressurization of one of the sections, the replenishment volumes formed by the contour of the two-sided deflection of the internal intersection partitions are highlighted in separate internal volumes filling, fitted with the possibility of simultaneously filling with gas filling of all sections of the float. 2. The constant pressure float of the emergency landing system of the aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to ensure a pressure differential between the internal volume of the replenishment and the volume of the sections sufficient to give the shell a replenishment volume, the charging valves of each section of the float are equipped with chokes of a given resistance .

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