RU2616641C1 - Device for mixing dry forages and additives - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device for mixing dry feeds and dry additives consists of the hopper for dry forages in which unloading screw is installed, made in the form of a spiral of round cross-section; in the discharge area the unloading screw is made in the form of U-shaped blades of round cross section, made from a rod with the diameter of 4…10 mm and turned relative to the rotation axis at the angle α=5…15° in the course of the spiral turns in the hopper, wherein the mesh is located above the U-shaped blades of circular cross section, made in the form of plates with rectangular penetration holes with the width across the screw shaft of 15…30 mm and the length of 30…70 mm with jumpers of 2…4 mm; a multicomponent hopper-doser for dry additives is located in parallel with the hopper for dry forages, having blade drums with flat radial blades in the amount of 6…20 pieces and discharge openings in the form of cracks overlapping with adjusting dampers in two to seven sections on a common shaft; wherein the pre-mixing chamber is located under said hoppers, under which the main mixing chamber representing a cylinder, along the axis of which two sequentially located working bodies of active mixing are located on the drive shaft, wherein the first working body represents U-shaped blades of round cross section, in an amount from 4 to 10, fixed on the shaft and turned relative to the rotation axis at the angle β=5…15°, and the second working body, designed for mixing and unloading, which represents a double-flighted spiral-like conveyor, is also mounted on the shaft immediately after the first working body with U-shaped blades.

EFFECT: high quality of mixing forage components, ease of structure manufacturing, low energy consumption for obtaining the mixture.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for the preparation of feed on livestock farms and complexes.

A device for adding additives to dry feed (a.s. No. 2547467, IPC A23N 17/00, BI No. 10, 04/10/2015), consisting of a mixing chamber, above which there is a preliminary mixing chamber with a loading hatch and 4-6 bins -dosers, and under the mixing chamber there is an inclined screw conveyor with a mixing screw.

A vertical mixing auger is installed in the mixing chamber, the upper part of which is single-entry, and the lower part is dual-input. Also in the upper and middle part of the screw there are L-shaped blades of circular cross section. The mixing chamber of the preliminary mixing is made of rectangular cross-section, inside of which flat chevron-shaped blinds are attached.

Dosing hoppers have paddle drums having from 8 to 30 flat radial blades, and a casing with rectangular slit-like discharge openings covered by interchangeable overlays.

The continuous mixer is made in the form of a spiral-vane conveyor. The working body is a mixing auger, which has three structural and technological zones (receiving components, transportation and unloading). In the reception area of the components there is a single-feed auger with an increasing pitch of the spiral. In the transportation zone there is a bar spiral with flat blades. The third zone has a rod spiral with a baffle plate and radial flat blades.

The disadvantages of the device for adding additives to dry feed include the fact that the mixer acts as a conveyor and simultaneously mixes the components. As a result, in the presence of a pulsating feed of any individual component, the mixture formulation fluctuates along the length of the conveyor due to the absence of a device that averages the composition of the mixture.

A device for introducing liquid additives into dry feed is known (A.S. No. 2374837 MPK A01K 5/02, BI No. 34, 09/10/2009). It consists of a hopper, a dry feed dispenser, two tanks for liquid additives with valves, pipelines and throwers of liquid additives, an unloading tray. The dry feed dispenser is made in the form of a spiral conveyor with U-shaped blades of circular cross section in the discharge zone, under which there is a grid with rectangular holes formed from intersecting and fastened together round rods, the upper row of rods being located across the course of the U-shaped blades. The pre-mixing chamber is a vertical container of rectangular cross-section, into which a sprayed stream of liquid additives from throwers is supplied from two sides. The main mixing chamber is made in the form of a cylindrical tank in which a rotating vertical paddle mixer is installed.

The disadvantages of this device for mixing dry feed and liquid additives include its specialization under the introduction of liquid additives and the inability to make dry additives. The presence of an adjustment flap at the discharge opening can lead to filling of the mixing chamber with material and failure of the spiral screw drive.

Of the closest in technical essence is a device for mixing dry feed and liquid additives (AS No. 2336690 MPK А01К 5/00, BI No. 30, 10.27.2008). The device consists of a hopper for dry feed, in which a discharge screw is installed, a humidification (mixing) chamber, a dispenser for liquid feed, and the discharge screw of the hopper for dry feed is made in the form of a spiral of circular cross section, which is double-entry in the discharge zone and the discharge zone is closed mesh with round holes with a diameter of 8-14 mm. An additional mixing chamber is also installed, inside of which a spiral auger is placed, and the discharge opening is blocked by an adjustment flap.

At the same time, a mixing chamber is additionally installed under the humidification chamber, inside of which there is a spiral auger, and the discharge opening is blocked by an adjustment flap.

The disadvantages of this device for mixing dry feed and liquid additives are its specialization under the introduction of liquid additives and the inability to make dry additives. The presence of an adjustment flap at the discharge opening can lead to filling of the mixing chamber with material and failure of the spiral screw drive.

The claimed invention is aimed at eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known device. From its use, the following result can be obtained: obtaining a dry mixture depending on a given recipe, high quality mixing of feed components, ease of manufacture of the structure, low energy consumption of the mixture. The specified technical effect is achieved through the use of a device for mixing dry feed and dry additives.

Blueprints

In FIG. 1 shows a device for mixing dry feed and dry additives.

A device for mixing dry feed and dry additives consists of a hopper 1 for dry feed, in which there is an unloading screw made in the form of a round spiral 2 mounted on a shaft 3, and in the unloading zone the unloading screw is made in the form of U-shaped blades 4 round sections, also mounted on the shaft 3, and made of a rod with a diameter of 4 ... 10 mm and rotated relative to the axis of rotation by an angle α = 5 ... 15 ° along the spiral turns in the hopper, while a mesh 5 is located under the U-shaped blades 4 of circular cross section made in the form of plast with rectangular punching holes with a width across the screw shaft of 15 ... 30 mm and a length of 30 ... 70 mm with jumpers 2 ... 4 mm, in parallel with the hopper for dry feed 1 there is a multicomponent hopper for dry additives 6, which has two to seven sections in common shaft 7 vane drums 8 with flat radial blades in the amount of 6 ... 20 pcs. and discharge holes in the form of slots overlapped by the adjustment flaps, while under all these bins there is a pre-mixing chamber 9, under which there is a main mixing chamber 10, which is a cylinder, along the axis of which two active mixing working elements are mounted on the drive shaft 11 moreover, the first working body is a U-shaped blade 12 made of a round bar with a diameter of 4 ... 10 mm, in an amount of 4 to 10, mounted on the shaft 11 and rotated relative to the axis of rotation by an angle β = 5 ... 15 °, and the second working body, designed for mixing and unloading and consisting of a two-way spiral conveyor 13, is also mounted on the shaft 11 directly behind the first working body with U-shaped blades 12, after spiral conveyor 13 unloading tray 14.

The operation of the device for mixing dry feed and dry additives is as follows: feed loaded into the hopper 1 by turns of a spiral of circular cross section 2 is sent to the U-shaped blades 4, which simultaneously mix and destroy the arches of the feed supplied, ensuring its outflow by a continuous stream through the grid 5 into the chamber pre-mixing 9, at the same time, additives by the blades of the unloading drum 8 are captured from the sections of the multicomponent hopper-dispenser of dry additives 6 and sent to the unloading hole, pr this, due to the significant angular velocity and slotted discharge openings, the additive particles exit in a continuous stream and fly in the direction of a continuous incident feed stream fed through the net 5, interacting and mixing with it in the pre-mixing chamber 9. The resulting pre-mixture enters the mixing chamber 10, while U-shaped blades of circular cross section 12 provide mixing of the components and due to their accumulation, the content of additives in the mixture is averaged. The presence of rotation of the U-shaped blades of circular cross-section 12 provides a displacement of the mixture in the working area of the spiral conveyor 13, which captures the mixture, further mixes and moves to the unloading tray 14.

Claims (1)

A device for mixing dry feed and dry additives consists of a hopper for dry feed, in which there is a discharge screw made in the form of a spiral of circular cross-section, a preliminary mixing chamber and a mixing chamber, characterized in that in the discharge zone the discharge screw is made in the form of U-shaped circular blades made of a rod with a diameter of 4 ... 10 mm and rotated relative to the axis of rotation by an angle α = 5 ... 15 ° along the spiral turns in the hopper, while under the U-shaped circular blades there is a grid, cased in the form of a plate with rectangular punching holes with a width across the screw shaft of 15 ... 30 mm and a length of 30 ... 70 mm with jumpers 2 ... 4 mm, in parallel with the hopper for dry feed, there is a multi-component hopper for dispensing dry additives, having two to seven sections on total shaft lobed drums with flat radial blades in the amount of 6 ... 20 pcs. and unloading holes in the form of slots, overlapped by the adjustment flaps, while under the indicated bunkers there is a pre-mixing chamber, under which there is a main mixing chamber, which is a cylinder, along the axis of which there are two successively active mixing bodies, the first working the body is a U-shaped blade of circular cross section, in an amount of 4 to 10, mounted on a shaft and rotated by an angle relative to the axis of rotation β = 5 ... 15 °, and the second working body, designed for mixing and unloading, which is a two-way spiral conveyor, is also mounted on the shaft directly behind the first working body with U-shaped blades.

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