RU2615654C1 - Vibration mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building.

SUBSTANCE: invention allows expanding the store of technical means and new features gaining by the claimed objects. That is, the possibility to affect over the entire volume of the mixer chamber on the components of the concrete mixture with vibrations of two different by their frequency vibration fields that correspond by their shape to the corrugated contour of three-dimensional rotation body, in aggregation, forming in the vertical plane section at top points of the goffer the truncated regular pentagon with the simultaneous formation in the two-frequency range of multidirectional vibrations that completely exclude the presence in the chamber of the mixer of "blind" zones and ensures uniform amplitude distribution of vibration effects in the mixing chamber and obtaining quality intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole. The technical result is achieved in that the vibration mixer comprises a mixing chamber with windows for materials loading and unloading respectively, the rotor with blades, the rotary drive and the vibrator rigidly fixed inside the mixing chamber performed with corrugated metal housing; the vibrator is executed with the function of two vibration fields excitement that are equal by their amplitudes but different by the frequency of their fields obtained by means of lower and upper crank mechanisms. Inside the vibrator housing the disc with the cylindrical projection is rigidly fixed in the horizontal plane of the central part, which is designed to insert and fix a spring in the internal diameter of the bucket having the function of compression / uncompressing; where the rocker with a drive from the upper crank mechanism is rigidly mounted at the central upper inner part of the bucket, and the pusher is rigidly mounted to the upper external part of the bucket, which other end is rigidly mounted to the inner upper part of the corrugated body for vibrations excitement from the upper part of vibrator housing by means of upper crank mechanism. Wherein the disk with the function to create homogeneous distribution of vibration field overlapping throughout the whole volume of the chamber from the top to the bottom of the vibrator housing by creating homogeneous amplitude values of each point displacement of the external generatrix of the housing; it is adapted to excite oscillations from the central part of the vibrator housing with the help of four pushers symmetrically fixed by their upper parts to the lower part of the disk, and connected with their lower parts into a movable hinge rocker assembly of the lower crank mechanism. The housing of the vibrator is performed as a corrugated metal covering that is a corrugated thin-walled body of rotation forming in the vertical section at top points of the goffer the truncated equal pentagon and adapted to create two-frequency vibration fields, which correspond, in the aggregate, by their shape to the corrugated contour of the given body of rotation with multi-directional vibrations.

EFFECT: invention relates to the devices for concrete compounds mixing and can be used in the building materials industry, construction and other fields of construction industry for the production of multi-component mixtures.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing concrete mixture and can be used in the construction materials industry, in construction and other areas of the construction industry for the production of multicomponent mixtures. Currently, one of the urgent aspects of the development of the construction industry is monolithic construction, an important role in which is given to the preparation of concrete mixtures at the initial stage of production. Analysis of various sources makes it possible to detect the diversity of existing industrial concrete mixing machines implemented on the basis of machining in order to obtain high-quality concrete mixtures, i.e. getting them as uniform as possible in composition. The latter, in particular, makes it possible to distinguish the method of vibrational treatment of concrete mixtures, which has been tested by time and many scientific works, both in a single case and in conjunction with conventional mechanical activation.

The prior art various devices that are implemented on this basis. So, for example, gravity mixers are known (Patent RU 148474 U1, 12/10/2014, B28C 5/22, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 148526 U1, 12/10/2014, B28C 5/22, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 148529 U1, 12/10/2014, B28C 5/22, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 148597 U1, 12/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 148598 U1, 12/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 148599 U1, 12/10/2014 , B01F 11/00; Patent RU 148600 U1, 12/10/2014, B01F 9/00; Patent RU 148601 U1, 12/10/2014, B01F 11/00) containing a rotating drum with blades and a rotation drive mounted in a support inside the drum cantilever is a vibrator with kinematic excitation of oscillations and a rotation drive, the vibrator is made with a housing mounted on a cranked the shaft so that its longitudinal axis is 5-10 ° with the drum axis, one end of the housing is coaxially connected to the bottom of the drum with an elastic element, and the second is supported by a spherical bearing on the connecting rod support of the crankshaft, on which an imbalance made with the dynamic function balancing unbalanced masses. In this case, the vibrator bodies are made in the form of thin-walled metal geometric bodies of various shapes.

The main drawback of the design of these mixers is the lack of necessary vibration protection of the design elements of the mixers due to the use of vibrators of an eccentric type.

Also known is a rotary vibration mixer with a ring magnetostrictive transducer (Patent RU 2318586 C2, 03/10/2008, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, a vibrator, characterized in that the vibrator is made in the form of a radiating high-frequency vibrations of the pipe with the disk and is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The main disadvantage of this mixer is the ineffective vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber.

Also known is a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2297274 C1, 04.20.2007, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of disk springs with rubber shock absorbers, and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has a crank mechanism, with the help of which the Belleville springs excite particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. In the mixer, it is possible to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the speed of the drive of the crank mechanism.

The main disadvantages of this mixer include significant energy costs for the deformation of Belleville springs, a high percentage of wear of rubber shock absorbers, as well as insufficiently effective thixotropic destruction (dilution) of the material structure due to the excitation of vibrations of a strictly horizontal direction in the concrete mixture.

The prior art also knows a rotary mixer with an electromechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2292943 C1, 02/10/2007, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of a bellows with a disk, is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has an electromagnet, with the help of which the bellows excites particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. The mixer has the ability to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the electromagnet winding.

The disadvantages of this device include the ineffective vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber due to the geometry of the bellows strictly cylindrical in shape, as well as inhomogeneous amplitude values of movements decreasing from the place of force acting to the fixation point of the bellows, in each individual section of the bellows, as a result of which the fluctuations from the place of force impact to the place of fixation of the bellows will have a damping nature, which This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of vibration effects on the concrete mixture in the lower part of the mixing chamber.

The closest analogs are vibration mixers (Patent RU 2494795 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494796 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494797 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494798 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494799 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494800 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494801 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494802 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494803 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494804 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494805 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494862 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2495710 C1, 10/20/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496562 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11 / 00; Patent RU 2496563 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496564 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496565 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496566 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496567 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496568 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496569 C1, 10.27.2013 B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497665 C1, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497666 C1, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497667 C2, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500523 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/00; Patent RU 2500524 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500525 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500526 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500527 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500528 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500529 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2500530 C1, 12/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2513931 C1, 04.20.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2513932 C1, 04.20.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2515480 C1, 05/10/2014, B01F 11/02; Patent RU 2515838 C1, 05.20.2014, B01F 11/02; Patent RU 2516569 C1, 05.20.2014, B01F 11/02; Patent RU 2519234 C1, 06/10/2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2519426 C1, 06/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2519430 C1, 06/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2519436 C1, 06/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2519437 C1, 06/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2519439 C1, 06/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2519444 C1, 06/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2520103 C2, 06.20.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2520445 C2, 06/27/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2522073 C2, 07/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2524726 C1, 08/10/2014, B28C 5/00, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2524729 C1, 08/10/2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2524783 C1, 08/10/2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2524942 C1, 08/10/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2525075 C1, 08/10/2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2525077 C1, 08/10/2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2525081 C1, 08/10/2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2528847 C2, 09.20.2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2528850 C1, 09/20/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2529223 C1, 09/27/2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2533730 C2, 11.20.2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2533787 C2, 11.20.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2533788 C2, 11.20.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2533791 C2, 11.20.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2534113 C2, 11.27.2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2534117 C2, 11.27.2014, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2534278 C2, 11.27.2014, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2547881 C1, 04/10/2015, B28C 5/48; Patent RU 2548417 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548419 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548424 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548426 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548429 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548431 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548432 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2548434 C1, 04.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2550747 C1, 05/10/2015, B28C 5/48; Patent RU 2556595 C1, 07/10/2015, B28C 5/48; Patent RU 2559989 C1, 08.20.2015, B28C 5/48; Patent RU 2560398 C1, 08.20.2015, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2560399 C1, 08.20.2015, B01F 11/00, B28C 5/00; Patent RU 2560400 C1, 08.20.2015, B01F 11/00, B28C 5/00; Patent RU 2560401 C1, 08.20.2015, B01F 11/00, B28C 5/00) containing a mixing chamber with material loading and unloading windows and a rotor with blades. In the lower or lower and upper parts of the mixing chambers in the center, one or two vibrators are rigidly fixed, made in the bodies, with the excitation of vibration fields by means of the lower or lower and upper crank mechanisms. In this case, the vibrator bodies are made in the form of corrugated metal shells with different geometry of the bodies of revolution.

However, the main drawback of mixer designs is the lack of providing a set of essential features of these devices with a new property, which consists in creating a vibration field or vibration fields corresponding to or individually corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in a section of the vertical plane along the corrugation vertices .

The technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of technical means and ensuring the achievement of new properties by the claimed objects. That is, it is possible to create two vibrational fields of different frequency in the entire mixer chamber onto the mixed components of the concrete mixture that correspond in the aggregate to the shape of the corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in the cross section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugation vertices, with the simultaneous formation in the two-frequency range of multidirectional oscillations, which completely exclude the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, a uniform amplitude the distribution of vibration exposure in the mixing chamber and high-quality intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole.

The technical result is achieved in that the vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with windows for loading and unloading materials, respectively, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a corrugated body and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator is made with the excitation function of two identical in amplitude and vibration fields of different frequencies by means of the upper and lower crank mechanisms, inside the vibrator body in the center in a horizontal plane the disk is rigidly fixed with a cylindrical protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring installed with the free compression / expansion function in the cup, to the center of the upper inner part of which is a connecting rod with a drive from the upper crank mechanism, and to the center upper outer part - a pusher rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the corrugated body and made with the function of exciting vibrations from the upper part of the vibrator body through Tun through the upper crank mechanism. The disk, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the volume of the mixing chamber of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the corrugation of the housing, is configured to excite vibrations from the central part of the vibrator housing using four pushers , the upper part symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the disk, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge of the connecting rod of the lower crank unnogo mechanism. Moreover, the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in the cross section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding in the corrugated shape of this body of revolution , with multidirectional vibrations.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a vibration mixer; in FIG. 2 is an enlarged diagram of a vibrator of a vibrating mixer.

The vibrating mixer comprises a mixing chamber 1 with loading windows 2 and unloading 3 materials, respectively, a rotor 4 with a rotation drive 5 made with blades 6, 7, a vibrator 8 made with a corrugated body 9 and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator 8 is made with the excitation function of two vibrational fields of the same amplitude and different in frequency by means of the upper 10 and lower 11 crank mechanisms. Inside the case 9 of the vibrator 8, in the center in a horizontal plane, a disk 12 is rigidly fixed with a cylindrical protrusion 13 made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring 14, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the glass 15, to the center of the upper inner part of which is rigidly fixed a connecting rod 16 with a drive from the top 10 of the crank mechanism, and to the center of the upper outer part is a pusher 17, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the corrugated body 9 and made with The function of excitation of vibrations from the upper part of the given case 9 of the vibrator 8 through the connecting rod 16 by means of the upper 10 of the crank mechanism. Moreover, the disk 12, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the entire chamber 1 of mixing the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing 9 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the corrugation of the housing 9, is configured to excite oscillations from the central part of the housing 9 vibrator 8 using four pushers 18, the upper part symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk 12, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge 19 of the connecting rod 20 of the lower 1 1 crank mechanism. Moreover, the housing 9 of the vibrator 8 is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding in the aggregate to the corrugated contour of this bodies of rotation, with multidirectional vibrations. The device operates as follows: first, the components of the concrete mixture, the composition of which is preliminarily selected, are loaded through the loading window 2 in layers into the mixing chamber 1 in the following sequence: sand is laid on the bottom of the mixer, then cement, after which crushed stone, lastly, is uniformly fed to the entire load the required amount of water. Then the drives of the vibrator 8 and the drive 5 of the rotation of the rotor 4 with the blades 6, 7 are turned on. The drive 5 rotates the rotor 4 and the blades 6, 7, thereby mixing the prepared mixture. The pusher 17 through the cup 15 of the spring 14 and the connecting rod 16 by means of the upper crank mechanism 10 performs reciprocating movements, thereby exciting vibrations of the upper part of the housing 9, made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a body of revolution, forming a vertical plane in cross section truncated regular pentagon at the points of the corrugation vertices. Moreover, the disk 12, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the entire chamber 1 of mixing the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing 9 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, excites vibrations of the central part of the housing 9 of the vibrator 8 by four pushers 18, the upper part symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk 12, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge 19 of the connecting rod 20 of the lower 11 cr voshipno-rod mechanism. After a predetermined time, the drive 5 of the rotor 4 and the drives of the crank mechanisms 10, 11 are turned off and the finished concrete mixture is unloaded through the window 3 of the mixer housing 1.

In general, the device provides the possibility of creating the entire volume of the mixer chamber onto the mixed components of the concrete mixture of two vibrational fields of different frequency, corresponding in aggregate to the shape of the corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in a section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugations, while the formation in the two-frequency range of multidirectional oscillations, completely eliminating the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, uniformly The amplitude distribution of the vibration effect in the mixing chamber and the qualitative intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole. This is due to the fact that, firstly, the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugations, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding to in the aggregate in the shape of the corrugated contour of a given body of revolution, it allows, on the one hand, to realize the possibility of creating a mixer for mixing the components of the concrete mixture of vibration exposure, which completely eliminates the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, and on the other hand, eliminates the vibration effect on the vibrator drive, maximally protect the bearing assemblies of the vibrator drive from the ingress of small particles of mixed materials, and also realize the possibility of complete transmission of “beneficial” vibrational impact on the processed material. Secondly, the implementation in the design of the vibrator of two mechanisms, including: a pusher, a cup, a spring, a connecting rod of the upper crank mechanism and a disk with four pushers made with a movable hinge of the connecting rod of the lower crank mechanism, ensures the creation of uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point external generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, thereby allowing for a uniform distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber, allows for the implementation of high-quality syphication of the process of mixing the components of the mixture during multi-frequency vibration, which consists in simultaneously influencing the concrete mixture with vibrations of two or more frequencies and allowing, when superimposed on the vibration curves, to increase the speed of the particles of the mixture, which in turn increases the efficiency of vibration. Multi-frequency vibration, based on the fact that each grain size corresponds to its own vibration frequency, can be considered as a means of influencing the largest number of grains, i.e. the intensity of multi-frequency vibrations is higher than the intensity of each of its constituent vibrations, thereby reducing the mixing cycle of concrete mixtures. And thirdly, the design of the mixer allows one to realize an increase in productivity, lower energy consumption for the mixing process, increased mobility and turbulization of the mixture due to uniform thixotropic destruction of the material structure in the entire space of the mixing chamber, which is manifested in a decrease in the specific resistance to movement of the blade in the concrete mixture compared with specific resistance to the movement of the blade of not destroyed material. In this regard, the resistance to movement of the blades and the power consumption of the rotor rotation drive are reduced. At the same time, the effect of boiling of the mixture under the influence of oscillatory processes of the vibrator body, greater turbulization and more intensive circulation of the particles of the mixture is achieved, as a result of which the mixing time is reduced, the performance of the mixer is increased. The claimed invention exhibits new properties not known in the art. The essential features are technical in nature and are identifiable. The set of essential features of the claimed device is necessary and sufficient to obtain the required technical result. The claimed combination of features provides an unexpected, unusual ultramodern technical result that exceeds the technical result obtained from each significant feature separately in relation to objects of the specified purpose. The inventive object provides a change in the prior art by non-obvious means, gives the objects new positive properties, satisfies long-term demand and increases the competitiveness of the patented object. Between the essential features of the claimed decision and the achieved technical result, there is a causal relationship. The set of essential features of the proposed solution provides a new unusual principle of operation of objects, which is as effective as possible for objects of this purpose.

Claims (1)

1. A vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with loading and unloading windows, respectively, a rotor with a rotation drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a corrugated body and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator is designed to excite two identical in amplitude and different according to the frequency of vibration fields by means of the upper and lower crank mechanisms, inside the vibrator body in the center in a horizontal plane, a disk with a cylindrical shape is rigidly fixed a protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the cup, to the center of the upper inner part of which a rod is rigidly fixed with a drive from the upper crank mechanism, and to the center of the upper outer part is a pusher, rigidly fixed at the other end to the inner upper part of the corrugated body and configured to excite vibrations from the upper part of the vibrator body through the connecting rod by means of the upper crank while the disk, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the volume of the mixing chamber of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the corrugation of the housing, is configured to excite oscillations from the central part of the vibrator c using four pushers, the upper part symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the disk, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge of the connecting rod lower about a crank mechanism, characterized in that the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated regular pentagon in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding to aggregate in the form of a corrugated contour of a given body of revolution, with multidirectional vibrations.

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