RU2608013C1 - Versatile machine for loose materials transportation and loading into electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to versatile machine for transportation and loading of loose materials into electrolytic cell. Machine comprises hopper with material lower level indicator sensor, mounted on self-propelled chassis with cabin, feeder and loading unit with possibility of stock loading into APF bin or directly on electrolyte crust. Loading on electrolyte crust unit is made in form of flexible pipe, installed in front of bin front section, with possibility of unloading end turning in vertical plane, and connected to feeder in form of air slide. Unit for material loading into APF bin is made in form of vertical auger with blades for raw material charge and discharge auger with loading neck, with raw material feeding into APF bin automatic tripping sensors. Loading neck is fixed on unloading auger via resilient element. Vertical auger is connected with air slide lower part and in upper part is with unloading auger. Unloading auger is installed with possibility of rotation relative to vertical auger in horizontal and vertical planes. In transport position unloading auger is directed along cabin side wall ahead of loading neck. In vertical auger upper part drive hydraulic motor is installed. Flexible pipe is connected with air slide via charging chamber. To unloading auger pipeline is connected with flexible inserts for air removal displaced from APF bin during raw material loading. In discharge chute lower part flexible aeration pipe is installed.

EFFECT: enabling expansion of machine functional capabilities, simplifying its maintenance and provision of guaranteed raw materials supply into electrolytic cell.

12 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, to equipment for producing aluminum by the electrolytic method, in particular to devices for servicing electrolyzers.

A device is known for transporting and loading alumina into aluminum electrolysis cells, comprising a hopper mounted on a self-propelled chassis, a feeder in the form of a screw and a loading unit. The auger is driven by a self-propelled chassis drive. The device is intended for loading alumina into bunkers for automatically feeding alumina from an aluminum electrolyzer (RU certificate for utility model No. 32116).

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to use it to load material into the electrolyzer on the crust of the electrolyte and in the hopper of the electrolyzer.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed is a universal machine (RF patent No. 2298596, microliter C25C 3/14, 2004). A machine for loading raw materials into aluminum electrolysis cells contains a hopper mounted on a self-propelled chassis with a cab, a feeder in the form of a screw and guide trays. The screw is installed at an angle of 35-45 ° to the vertical and has a hydraulic actuator with a reducer located in the upper part of the screw, while the lower part of the screw feeder housing is combined with the lower conical part of the hopper body. The machine has two interchangeable guide trays of different lengths.

The presence in the design of the machine of replaceable guide trays may cause a delay in the loading of raw materials when they are replaced when the loading location is changed. The need to replace the guide trays increases the cost of maintaining the machine.

The objective of the invention is to expand the functionality of the machine, simplifying its maintenance, increasing the reliability of the machine and ensuring the guaranteed flow of raw materials into the electrolyzer, necessary for electrolysis.

The technical result consists in the development of a machine design that allows loading directly onto an electrolyte crust into an electrolyzer or into an automatic alumina feed hopper of an aluminum electrolyzer without replacing the guide trays.

The technical result achieved is achieved by the fact that in the design of a universal machine for transporting and loading bulk materials into an electrolytic cell for producing aluminum, equipped with APG bins, containing a hopper mounted on a self-propelled chassis with a cab, a feeder, a loading unit with the ability to load raw materials into the APG bunker or directly on the crust of the electrolyte, according to the claimed solution, the download node on the crust of the electrolyte is made in the form of a flexible pipe installed in front of the front of the hopper, with the possibility of turning ota unloading end in a vertical plane and connected to a feeder in the form chanels, as raw material in the hopper loading unit APG is designed as a vertical unloading auger and with a loading orifice.

The solution is complemented by private distinguishing features that contribute to the achievement of the task.

The vertical auger is connected to the air duct in the lower part, and the upper part to the unloading auger.

The unloading auger is mounted with the possibility of rotation relative to the vertical auger in the horizontal and swing in the vertical planes.

The unloading auger in the transport position is directed along the side wall of the cab forward loading neck.

A drive hydraulic motor is installed in the upper part of the vertical auger.

A flexible pipe is connected to the aeroshaft through a transfer chamber.

Blades are installed at the upper end of the vertical auger for transferring raw materials from the vertical auger to the unloading auger.

A sensor is installed in the bunker for signaling the lower level of raw materials.

In the loading neck of the unloading auger, sensors are installed to automatically turn off the loading of raw materials into the APG bunker.

The loading neck is fixed to the unloading screw through an elastic element.

A pipeline with flexible inserts is connected to the unloading screw to discharge the air displaced from the APG hopper when loading raw materials.

A flexible aeration pipe is installed at the bottom of the discharge chute.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a machine for loading raw materials into electrolyzers, front view.

In FIG. 2 - same, right view.

In FIG. 3 - the same, top view.

In FIG. 4 is the same, isometric view with a section on the technological equipment.

The list of structural elements:

Self-propelled wheel chassis 1;

Operator's cab 2;

Hopper with an inclined bottom 3;

Aerial feeder 4;

Node loading raw materials in the hopper APG 5;

The node loading raw materials on the crust of the electrolyte 6;

Hopper support 7;

Loading neck 8 of the hopper 3;

Strainer 9;

Hopper aeration system 10;

Sensor signaling device of the lower level of raw materials 11;

Overflow chamber 12 of the feed loading unit to the electrolyte crust;

Unloading tray in the form of a flexible pipe 13;

Vertical auger for top loading of hoppers APG 14;

Unloading auger for top loading of silos APG 15;

The tilt drive 16 of the discharge tray 13;

Bearing support 17 of the discharge tray 16;

The hydraulic motor drive rotation 18 of the vertical screw 14;

Blades 19 located at the upper end of the vertical auger;

Overflow chamber 20 of the feed loading unit to the APG bunker;

The loading neck 21 of the unloading auger 15;

The sensor of the level of loading of raw materials in the hopper APG 22;

The elastic element 23;

Pipeline with flexible inserts 24;

Pressure air regulator (valve) 25;

Flexible aeration tube 26.

A universal machine consists of a self-propelled wheeled chassis 1, on which technological equipment and an operator's cab are installed 2. Technological equipment contains a hopper with an inclined bottom 3 for loading bulk materials - alumina or fluoride salts into an electrolyzer to produce aluminum, a feeder 4 and a loading unit for loading raw materials in the hopper APG 5 or loading directly onto the electrolyte crust 6. The hopper is mounted on four supports 7 mounted on the chassis of the self-propelled machine 1. The loading neck 8 of the hopper 3 is equipped and a strainer 9. At the bottom of the hopper 3, a hopper feeder 4 is installed, made in the form of an aeration channel equipped with an aeration system 10. On the wall of the hopper there is a sensor for lower level raw material alarm 11. A discharge chamber 12 and an unloading tray are provided in the front lower right side of the hopper in the form of a flexible pipe 13 for the lower distribution of raw materials directly to the electrolyte crust and the vertical screw 14 and the discharge screw 15 for the upper loading of the APG bins.

The unloading tray 13 of the machine is installed behind the cab 2 on the right side of the machine, with the possibility of rotation of the unloading end of the tray 13 in a vertical plane. The part opposite to the discharge end of the tray 13 is connected to the feeder in the form of an air duct 4 through the transfer chamber 12. The tilt 16 of the discharge tray 13 is driven from the hydraulic cylinder. The rotation of the discharge tray 13 is due to two bearing bearings 17.

The supply of alumina to the overflow chamber 12 is carried out due to the aeration system 10 from the feeder 4 of the hopper 3, covered with a special filter cloth from above. Aeration is provided due to the air pressure in the feeder 4, which is provided by the compressor.

Alumina is fed at the top loading of the APG silos by a screw system consisting of a vertical 14 and a discharge 15 augers. The rotation drive of the vertical screw 14 is made by a hydraulic motor 18 mounted in the upper part of the vertical screw. The vertical auger 14 is connected to the aerial chute 4 in the lower part, and the upper part to the unloading auger 15. The unloading auger 15 is mounted with the possibility of rotation relative to the vertical auger 14 in horizontal and rocking in vertical planes.

Alumina is poured from the vertical screw 14 into the discharge screw 15 by blades 19 located at the upper end of the vertical screw 14. The discharge screw is driven by a hydraulic motor. The unloading auger 15 and the vertical auger 14 are interconnected by the overflow chamber 20. The unloading auger 15 is installed so that in the transport position it is directed along the side wall of the cab 2 forward by the loading neck 21. Level sensors 22 are installed in the loading neck 21 of the unloading screw 15, designed to automatically turn off the loading of raw materials in the hopper APG.

The loading neck 21 of the unloading auger 15 is designed in such a way that when the material is loaded, it can be installed tightly on the APG hopper through the elastic element 23, which eliminates dusting and spilling of raw materials. To remove air from the APG hopper, which is displaced by the loaded alumina, a pipeline with flexible inserts 24 is mounted on the discharge screw 15, through which air enters the hopper 3 of the machine.

The pipelines for supplying compressed air to the air duct are equipped with a pressure air regulator (valve) 25. A flexible aeration pipe 26 is installed in the lower part of the discharge tray 13 to aerate the bulk material and keep it in suspension.

Universal machine works as follows.

The loading of alumina into the hopper 3 is carried out through the loading neck 8. When the aeration system 10 of the hopper is turned on, air enters the aeration channel 4 and passes through the material. The flowability of the material increases, and it slides along the inclined bottom of the hopper 3 towards the overflow chamber 12. To load raw materials directly onto the electrolyte crust, the operator sets the machine along the electrolyzer and lowers the discharge chute 13 onto the electrolyte crust using the tilt drive cylinder. Thanks to the flexible aeration tube 26, the material in the discharge tray 13 becomes flowable and the material is uniformly unloaded onto the electrolyte crust. Moving along the electrolyzer on the machine, the operator sprinkles the material evenly over the surface of the crust.

Regulation of the amount of air required to move alumina from the hopper through the air duct is carried out using a pressure air regulator.

When carrying out the loading of raw materials in the hopper of the APG, the unloading tray 13 is oriented to the inoperative position, raised. When you turn on the aeration system 10 of the hopper, the air enters the aeroflot 4 and passes through the material. The flowability of the material increases, and it slides along the inclined bottom of the hopper 3 towards the overflow chamber 20. Through the hole in the wall of the vertical auger, the material enters the coils of the auger and rises up to the blades 19. With blades 19, the material is reloaded onto the coils of the unloading auger 15.

The loading of material in the hopper APG is performed through the loading neck 21 as follows. The machine is installed relative to the electrolyzer, the unloading auger 15 rises and the vertical auger 14 rotates towards the APG hopper. The loading neck 21 is installed above the loading point of the APG hopper and the unloading auger 15 is lowered. Thanks to the elastic element, the unloading auger 15 and the APG bunker are hermetically sealed. The screw drives are turned on, and the material enters the APG hopper. Upon reaching the set level of raw materials in the APG bunker, the sensor is activated and the auger drives are switched off.

Thus, the proposed universal machine provides high-quality performance of operations on transportation and unloading of raw materials. The machine has high maneuverability, reliable and less costly to operate and convenient to maintain. Using the machine allows you to increase productivity and load factor of the equipment and ensures uninterrupted supply of raw materials.

Claims (12)

1. A machine for transporting and loading bulk materials into an electrolytic cell for producing aluminum, equipped with automatic alumina (APG) hoppers, comprising a hopper mounted on a self-propelled chassis with a cab, a feeder, a feed loading unit in the APG hopper and directly on the electrolyte crust, characterized in that the feed loading unit directly to the electrolyte crust is made in the form of a flexible pipe installed in front of the front of the hopper, with the possibility of turning its discharge end in a vertical plane, and with constant feeder as chanels, as raw material loading unit APG in the hopper is designed as a vertical unloading auger screw and with a loading orifice. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical auger is connected to the air duct in the lower part, and the upper part to the unloading auger. 3. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that the unloading auger is mounted to rotate relative to the vertical auger in the horizontal plane and swing in the vertical plane. 4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the unloading screw in the transport position is directed forward by the loading neck along the side wall of the cabin. 5. The machine according to p. 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the vertical screw is installed a hydraulic motor drive. 6. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a transfer chamber connecting the flexible pipe to the air duct. 7. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that at the upper end of the vertical auger blades are installed for transferring raw materials from the vertical auger into the unloading auger. 8. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor signaling device of the lower level of raw materials is installed in the hopper of the APG. 9. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the loading neck of the unloading auger sensors are installed to automatically turn off the loading of raw materials into the APG bunker. 10. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading neck is fixed to the unloading auger by means of an elastic element. 11. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a pipeline with flexible inserts is connected to the discharge screw to discharge the air displaced from the APG hopper when loading raw materials. 12. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a flexible aeration pipe is installed in the lower part of the discharge tray.

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