RU2602050C1 - Nanofilter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tobacco industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a cigarette filter which is enclosed in an envelope, located at end of paper cartridge with tobacco or tobacco mixture. In envelope there is a filter element made of microporous synthetic material or from porous filter paper. Between filter element and tobacco there is a stack which forms a mesh filter, assembled from disc plates cut from fabric. On first part of disc plates there is a filter nanolayer of carbon. At second middle part of plates there is a silver nanolayer, and at third part of plates there is a nanolayer of rare-earth metals. Furthermore, disc filter plates are assembled into a stack which forms a mesh filter, length of which is less than diameter of filter envelope and length of microporous filter element.

EFFECT: proposed filter increases efficiency and improves consumer properties of cigarettes.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of air filters, namely to cigarette filters for cigarettes of mass production, to high-class cigarettes.

In addition, the nanofilter is designed to filter the air breathing mixture of scuba divers and divers.

In the application materials, only a filter for cigarettes is considered, the arrangement of which is identical to a filter for respiratory air mixtures installed in a cylindrical metal tubular body.

A cigarette filter is known from the patent literature (Pat. RF No. 2292196, class A24D 3/06), which describes a filter device containing a sorbent based on natural schungite, which has the following components: carbon 28-35%, potassium 2, 6%, aluminum 2.6-3.3%, manganese, titanium, calcium, silicon. The filter is mounted on the end of a tobacco-filled paper sleeve.

Such a filter is complex; it does not improve the efficiency of filtering tobacco smoke.

A known filter for cigarettes (US Pat. RF No. 2040190, class A24D 3/00), which is formed from microfibers of a polymer porous material, which is an absorbing element. Adsorbents are mixed with it: calcium chloride and charcoal granules. It has a complex device and an insufficient degree of filtration.

The closest technical solution of the present invention is a filter device for cigarettes (US Pat. US No. 4993435), mounted on the end of a paper sleeve with tobacco.

The filter consists of microfibers for removing solid particles of tobacco smoke and a filter layer of activated carbon or the like for adsorption of gaseous components of cigarette smoke. Moreover, the filter layer is made in the form of disk filters that contain charcoal.

The disadvantages of such a filter device include its multicomponent nature, complexity of production, and insufficient filtration of tobacco resins. A significant complication of the filter leads to the loss of consumer qualities of cigarettes.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the filter efficiency and improve the consumer qualities of cigarettes.

The specified technical problem is solved as follows.

The disk filter layer is made in the form of disk plates cut out of fabric, with the filtering carbon layer applied to the first part of the fabric plates, silver layer applied to the second middle part of the plates, and rare-earth metals applied to the third part of the plates, in addition, the disk filter plates are assembled into a bag forming a mesh fabric filter, the length of which is less than the diameter of the filter shell and the length of the microporous filter element.

The nanofilter device is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a cigarette with the proposed nano filter.

In FIG. 2 shows a nanofilter along its axis from the side of the paper filter element.

In FIG. Figures 3 and 4 show an existing standard filter consisting of microfibers of a polymeric material.

In FIG. 5 shows a series of disc plates cut out of fabric.

In FIG. 6 shows a filter plate assembly of fabric plates.

In FIG. 7 shows a microporous filter element of a filter.

A filter for cigarettes is located at the end of a paper sleeve 1 filled with tobacco or tobacco blend 2. The filter has a casing 3 made of thick soft paper.

Inside the casing 3, at its peripheral end, there is a standard cigarette filter made of microporous synthetic material or of a porous filter paper — a microporous filter element 4. A packet 5 is installed between the filter element 4 and tobacco 2, which forms a mesh filter made of disk plates 6, carved from crepe fabric, where the warp and weft are 90 ° to each other. The distance of the threads in the warp and in the weft is from 0.1 to 2 of their diameters. In gauze, this distance is more than 2 diameters of threads.

Before collecting disk plates (compressing them) into a package of 5, they apply nanocarbon 7, nanosilver 8 and a rare-earth metal nanolayer 9. A metal nanolayer (silver, rare-earth metals: platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold) is galvanized in electrolytic baths .

Nanocarbon is applied to the disk plates of the fabric by spraying or electroplating. A carbon nanolayer can be created from fullerenes or carbon nanotubes. A nanolayer is created on the surface of the fabric and in depth on its fibers. As you know, carbon is a very effective sorbent.

It is used in gas masks and is widely used in medicine, where they consume activated carbon obtained from charcoal.

This form of carbon can be used in the proposed filter as a filter element.

The most common volumetric form of carbon is fullerene. Fullerene is formed by a group of carbon atoms having a spherical (spherical) molecular structure formed by interlinked polygons with carbon atoms at their vertices. Fullerenes are applied to disk platinum 6 cut from fabric.

This form of carbon (fullerene) has been known for several centuries. This is a natural mineral shungite, which is mined on the Kola Peninsula. The use of shungite in cigarette filters is known (see RF patent No. 2292196, class A24D 3/06), where shungite is located inside a paper filter. A promising filter layer on the filter element of a cigarette filter is carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are formed from fullerenes arranged sequentially one after another and conjugated to each other in a straight line. Their diameter is 1-2 nanometers and a length of about 100 nm.

Carbon nanotubes are applied to the surface of the tissue of the disk plates 6, as well as to the threads of the tissues and to their internal structure. In the same way, any of the above forms of carbon 7 is applied to the disk tissue plates 6 and to their internal structure.

The device of the proposed filter for cigarettes consists of a package 5, which is a composite three-stage filter, which is installed between tobacco 2 and a standard cigarette filter 4 of microporous material. Each stage of the package 5 with a deposition of carbon, silver and rare earth metals performs specified functions.

The proposed nanofilter for cigarettes operates as follows. The movement of hot tobacco smoke from burning tobacco on the paper sleeve 1 of the cigarette is ensured by the difference in air pressure between the front of the burning tobacco and the end of the cigarette filter. The proposed filter for cigarettes has an optimal air resistance, which does not exceed the resistance of the tobacco filling of the cigarette, which preserves the taste of the cigarette.

As you know, tobacco and cigarettes that emit more than 15 mg of tar during smoking are banned in Europe. Most cigarettes emit 5 to 12 mg. The proposed three-stage filter for cigarettes containing nanolayer of carbon, silver and rare earth metals, provides a reduction in resins to 2-5 mg.

This is achieved by the fact that the first nanolayer 7 from one or several forms of carbon existence removes solid particles of tobacco smoke with a given degree of filtration, which is achieved by a combination of all six of these forms (graphenes - nanopowders of synthetic diamonds) of carbon sorbents. The second silver nanolayer 8 provides a fine purification of tobacco smoke, especially since silver is an excellent antiseptic. As you know, these properties of silver nanolayer are widely used in bandages, in the production of linen, T-shirts, socks, etc. This nanolayer provides deeper cleaning of tobacco smoke. The third nanolayer of 9 rare earth metals provides adsorption of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), gases that are formed during the burning of tobacco. This is achieved by the content in the nanolayer of platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc., which are successfully used in automotive catalysts.

Compared with known cigarette filters having a complex device in which the consumer qualities of cigarettes are lost, the proposed device provides optimal consumer qualities and the ability to create their composition.

The cost of the proposed filter compared to existing complex multilayer filters is lower, because nanotechnology ensures the simplicity of the device and its low cost.

Claims (1)

A filter for cigarettes enclosed in a shell located at the end of a paper sleeve with tobacco, the filter comprising a microporous filter element and an additional filter layer made in the form of disk filters with a sorbent, characterized in that the disk filter layer is made in the form of disk plates cut from fabric, and the first part of the plates is coated with a filtering nanolayer of carbon, the second middle part of the plates is coated with a silver nanolayer, and the third part of the plates is coated with a rare earth metal Moreover, the disk filter plates are assembled in a bag forming a strainer, the length of which is less than the diameter of the filter shell and the length of the microporous filter element.

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