RU2601062C1 - Method and apparatus for recycling solid household wastes at landfills - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processing and recycling of wastes.

SUBSTANCE: method of recycling of solid household wastes at landfills involves loading wastes into plant, biodecomposition with formation of gaseous and solid products, neutralisation, cooling and accumulation of processing products, prior to loading method comprises radiation control of weight of solid domestic wastes, recycling solid domestic wastes, which is carried out in two steps, at first step solid domestic wastes are subjected to aerobic and anaerobic treatment to produce biogas, that is supplied for thermal and electric power generation. Second step involves thermal decomposition, wherein untreated part of wastes undergoes intense drying, and then pyrolysis, result of which is pyrolysis gas, which after cooling and cleaning is fed for thermal and electric power generation. Obtained as a result of pyrolysis pyrocarbonate is used in treatment of filtrate, which is released during biodecomposition. Other neutralised in installation solid fractions of wastes after cooling are delivered for burial. Apparatus for recycling solid domestic wastes at landfills comprises an elongated chamber for processing solid domestic wastes, which is inclined at slope of natural elevation of a specific area, in upper part of which there is an access path for filling solid domestic wastes into chamber via a hatch. In lower part of chamber there is a gate for dumping processed and neutralised mass of solid domestic wastes. Chamber consists of serially arranged zones of biodecomposition, thermal decomposition, which includes a pyrolysis section, zones for cooling and accumulation of processing products. Biodecomposition zone comprises two sections - section for aerobic and anaerobic treatment, in which there is a multifunctional structure, which is a blade for mixing moving mass of solid domestic wastes, collection and discharge of biogas, introduction of water and correcting solutions and device for collection and discharge of filtrate. On side wall of chamber there are hatches for sampling, zone of thermal decomposition additionally includes a section of drying and heating processed mass of solid domestic wastes and gas-stop chamber to prevent ingress of air from below into pyrolysis section. Outside on side surface there are stairs/elevator for servicing apparatus.

EFFECT: use of present group of inventions provides comprehensive continuous and accelerated processing of solid domestic wastes.

20 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The proposed method for the disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) using a multifunctional installation at landfills relates to the field of public utilities, environmental protection, biotechnology and bioenergy and is aimed at the controlled, regulated and continuously accelerated biochemical and thermochemical decomposition of the mass of solid waste moving under its own weight with production thermal and electric energy.

Currently, the following key positions are the basis for the method of disposal of solid waste at landfills, regardless of the economic development of the state: creation of a landfill body by disposing of solid waste with rolling in soil; immobility of the landfill body ("passivity"); the process of decomposition of the landfill at the geotechnogenic level is uncontrolled and unregulated, it takes a long time (tens to hundreds of years) due to the "passivity" of the landfill, takes place in large areas, is accompanied by the emission of xenobiotics and the manifestation of the modification of flora and fauna. Thus, the cheapness of landfills is a relative concept and has recently been criticized more by environmentalists. their arguments are becoming more convincing.

There are various technical solutions in the field of solid waste disposal.

So, the pyrolysis complex for the disposal of solid waste is known (RF patent for IZ No. 2406747, IPC C10B 53/00, B09B 3/00, F23G 5/027, publ. 20.12.2010). The known complex includes an inclined pyrolysis reactor for the thermal decomposition of solid waste with loading and unloading devices, a waste heating device using its own pyrolysis gas, a pyrolysis gas cooling and purification unit and a gas burner, in addition, a pyrolysis reactor mounted on board a high-altitude landfill is made of concrete rings, loading and unloading devices are made in the form of sealed box-type feeders, a gas burner is located at the base of the pyrolysis reactor, while parallel to the pyrolysis reactor, there is a tubular section collector connected to the pyrolysis reactor using numerous nozzles equipped with perforated heat-resistant gaskets designed to divert water vapor into the atmosphere from the upper zone of the pyrolysis reactor, where waste is dried, and to divert pyrolysis gas to a gas burner from the lower areas of the pyrolysis reactor, where thermochemical decomposition of waste is carried out.

A known installation of the disposal of solid waste at landfills (RF application for PM No. 2013126297 from 05/20/2013), which is selected as a prototype. The complex includes an elongated chamber, located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area, in the upper part of which there is an access path for filling the waste into the chamber through the hatch, in the lower part of which there is a damper for filling the processed and decontaminated solid waste mass. The elongated chamber consists of an aerobic waste processing section, an anaerobic waste processing section, a pyrolysis section, and a section for accumulating processed products and waste.

There is a method of processing solid waste (RF patent for IZ No. 2294319, IPC C05F 9/00, B09B 3/00, publ. 02.27.2007). A method of processing solid waste, consisting of waste sorting, biothermal sanitation in bio-drums with the addition of an activating composition and subsequent composting in collars, characterized in that the composition of readily available sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and microorganism growth activators in the form of solutions in dosages is used as the activating composition providing active colonization of the substrate by native thermophilic microorganisms.

There is also known a method of disposing of waste containing organic matter (RF patent for IZ No. 2338122, IPC F23G 5/027, publ. 10.11.2008), selected as a prototype. A method for utilizing wastes containing organic materials, including chlorine-containing and infected, including loading wastes into a thermal decomposition chamber (KTR), heating and decomposing organics in KTP - pyrolysis, with the formation of gaseous and solid products, their burning, catalytic neutralization, cooling in a heat exchanger and flue gas dust cleaning, characterized in that the waste is loaded into the thermal decomposition chamber through a sluice device constantly flushed with an inert gas, the waste is subjected to oxygen thermal decomposition - pyrolysis, at a temperature of 550-700 ° C in a metal chamber heated externally by flue gases from burning external fuel in a burner located in close proximity to it, flue gases from a cyclone furnace obtained from combustion in it at a temperature of 1200- 1300 ° C of gaseous pyrolysis products, and flue gases from the combustion of solid pyrolysis products on the grate, and the heat transfer in the internal volume of the thermal decomposition chamber is intensified by constant by waste incineration and the creation of artificial circulation of the gas phase by supplying inert gas heated to 600-700 ° C to its lower part, the preparation of which is carried out due to the thermal potential of the flue gases, gaseous products from the thermal decomposition chamber are introduced into the cyclone furnace by injection As the injecting medium, pressurized air is used, preheated to 350-400 ° C with flue gases, the sludge trapped in the scrubber is sent for re-pyrolysis to the chamber thermal decomposition, and the entire process is carried out under vacuum.

The proposed method and installation for the disposal of solid waste in comparison with prototypes and analogues provide a comprehensive continuously-accelerated processing of naturally moving mass of solid waste with the receipt of thermal and electrical energy.

The objective of the invention is to provide a comprehensive continuously-accelerated processing of solid waste at the landfill based on the created installation for the production of biogas and pyrogas, the natural promotion of waste in the process of intensive processing with simultaneous mixing of waste, the introduction of corrective solutions and selection of gases from them, by tilting the installation with an elongated the camera.

The technical result of the invention is to accelerate the disposal of solid waste, to expand and improve the engineering and technological capabilities of the proposed installation, to prevent the ingress of pollutants into the environment.

The technical result is achieved in that in a method for the disposal of solid waste at landfills, including the loading of waste into the installation, biodegradation and thermal decomposition with the formation of gaseous and solid products, neutralization, cooling and accumulation of processed products, according to the invention, radiation and dosimetric control of the mass of solid waste is carried out before loading, The disposal of solid waste is carried out in two stages, and the waste from one disposal zone to another comes naturally and continuously under the influence of its own weight in the process of eniya portions or processed MSW waste mass during the next discharge. At the same time, at the first stage of solid waste disposal, they are subjected to aerobic and anaerobic processing, as a result of which biogas is produced, which then goes to generate heat and electric energy, and at the second stage of solid waste disposal, they undergo thermal decomposition, in which part of the waste not processed in the biodegradation zone under the influence of hot gas undergoes intensive drying and heating, then pyrolysis, the result of which is pyrogas, which, after cooling and purification, also goes to generate heat and electricity gies.

The pyrocarbonate obtained as a result of pyrolysis is used in the purification of the filtrate, which is released during biodegradation. The other solid fractions of the waste neutralized in the installation after cooling are unloaded and sent for burial.

Aerobic processing lasts 24-48 hours at a temperature of 45-60 ° C, pH 6.5-7.

Anaerobic processing lasts 960-1440 hours at a temperature of 55-60 ° C, pH 5-6 - at the beginning of processing, pH 7.5-8.5 - at the end of processing.

As a result of biodegradation, up to 70% of organic waste is recycled or up to 30-40% of raw waste.

Thermal decomposition by the pyrolysis method, to which the waste remaining after biodegradation is subjected (up to 40-60% of the raw material), lasts 24 hours at a temperature of 600-1100 ° C.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that in the installation of solid waste disposal at landfills, including an elongated solid waste processing chamber, located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area, in the upper part of which there is an access path for filling the solid waste into the elongated chamber through the hatch, in the lower part of which there is damper for dumping the processed and neutralized solid waste mass, and the elongated chamber consists of sequentially located biodegradation zones, thermal decomposition zones, including the pyrolysis section, the cooling zone and the accumulation of processed products, according to the invention, the biodegradation zone includes two sections - an aerobic and anaerobic solid waste processing section, in which a multifunctional design is mounted - blades for mixing the processed mass of solid waste moving under its own weight, introducing water and correction solutions, collecting and biogas outlet and a device for collecting and removing leachate. On the side wall of the chamber, hatches designed for sampling are installed in different places. At the same time, in the zone of thermal decomposition, a section for drying and heating the processed solid waste mass and a gas chamber were additionally introduced to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis section from below. The gas shutter is closed at the top and bottom with shutters, the simultaneous opening of which is impossible.

Outside, a staircase / elevator is attached to the side surface of the chamber to service the installation.

The walls of the elongated chamber are made of cast reinforced concrete, or precast concrete rings, or corrosion-resistant metal.

The blades intended for mixing the solid waste moving under its own weight are installed cantilever with a slope of 15-20 ° down to slide the hanging material. The blades consist of a flange made of chemically resistant sheet steel with a thickness of 2-2.5 mm with a solid plane welded to it in the form of an oblique quadrangle mounted at an angle of 40-50 ° to the vertical. Along the long sides of the planes and through openings in the flange, perforated power pipes 60–80 mm in diameter are made of steel and are designed to collect and withdraw biogas, supply water and a correction solution to the processed mass of solid waste. Power perforated pipes have outlet pipes.

The device for collecting and discharging the filtrate mounted in the biodegradation zone consists of a gutter with a protective net made in the form of a cast-iron perforated plate, with a reservoir in the lower part - a water collector and a drain pipe.

The capacity of the trough of the device for collecting and outputting the filtrate is made in the form of a pocket, from which the filtrate is discharged outward through an outlet pipe.

The camera has a longitudinal prefabricated large groove and a grid of small oblique adjacent grooves.

The pyrolysis section consists of gates, a combustion chamber, a flame arrester, reflectors, a pyrogas collector, and an air heat exchanger.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following figures:

FIG. 1, which shows a diagram of the proposed method for the disposal of solid waste at landfills, where:

1 - delivery of solid waste;

2 - radiation and dosimetric control of solid waste;

3 - loading solid waste into the installation (raw 100%);

4 - installation;

5 - biodegradation zone;

6 - zone of thermal decomposition;

7 - accumulation zone;

8 - section of aerobic processing;

9 - section anaerobic processing;

10 - section for drying and heating;

11 - section of pyrolysis;

12 - section gas chamber;

13 - filtrate;

14 - cleaning;

15 - biogas;

16 - pyrogas;

17 - cooling;

18 - cleaning;

19 - electrical and thermal energy;

20 - waste unloading (up to 10-30% of raw material);

21 - pyrocarbonate;

22 - burial of neutralized waste for the environment (up to 10-20% of the raw material);

23 - economic zone;

24 - service point of the installation 4;

25 - corrective solutions and additives;

26 - foreign market;

27 - carbon dioxide.

FIG. 2, which shows the installation 4 of solid waste disposal (a - side view; b - front view), where:

28 - section of aerobic waste processing;

29 - anaerobic waste processing section;

30 - section for drying and heating for the processed mass of solid waste;

31 — pyrolysis section;

32 - gas shutter chamber;

33 - zone of cooling and accumulation of processed products;

34 - hatch for filling waste;

35 - hatch for sampling section 28;

36 - hatch for sampling section 29;

37 - flap for dumping processed and neutralized solid waste;

38 - staircase / elevator for maintenance of installation 4;

39 - access road;

FIG. 3, which shows the installation 4 (a - with two cameras, b - with three cameras);

FIG. 4, which shows the design of the blades (a - front side, b - side view), where:

40 - power pipe;

41 - plane;

42 - flange;

43 - perforation in the pipe;

44 - outlet pipes;

FIG. 5, which shows a device for collecting and removing filtrate (a - the location of the troughs for collecting the filtrate; b - the location of the troughs for draining the filtrate), where:

45 - trough;

46 - a protective grid;

47 - a catchment basin;

48 - outlet pipe;

49 - longitudinal large groove;

50 - small oblique adjacent grooves;

FIG. 6, which depicts a pyrolysis section 31 (direct design variant) for an oblique disposed installation 4, where:

51 - shutters;

52 - combustion chamber;

53 - flame arrester;

54 - reflectors;

55 - collection of pyrogas;

56 - air heat exchanger.

The solid waste 1 delivered to the landfill 1 (Fig. 1) after radiation and dosimetric control 2 is loaded into a multifunctional unit 4 for complex continuous-accelerated processing. The entire processing process in installation 4 proceeds under strict control and regulation. Waste from one disposal zone to another comes naturally and continuously under the influence of its own weight in the process of dropping a portion of the processed or spent solid waste mass at the next unloading. The solid waste loaded into the installation 4 (raw 100%) pass through biodegradation zone 5, thermal decomposition zone 6 and accumulation zone 7.

In installation 4, the processes of biodegradation of waste occur in section 8 of aerobic processing and section 9 of anaerobic processing. The substrate, not processed in biodegradation zone 5, enters the thermal decomposition zone 6 and under the action of hot gas undergoes intensive drying and heating in section 10, then pyrolysis in section 11. Waste after thermal decomposition in zone 6 passes to section 12 of the gas chamber - for primary cooling , then to the accumulation zone 7 - for secondary cooling and subsequent unloading. After unloading 20 waste (up to 10-30% of the raw material) from unit 4 is sent for burial 22 (up to 10-20% of the raw material).

As a result of anaerobic processing in section 9, biogas 15 is obtained, which, after purification 18, is converted into thermal or electric energy 19 for internal and external consumption. Inside the landfill, thermal and electrical energy 19 is supplied to the economic zone 23, to the service point 24 of the installation 4 and to the installation 4.

The result of pyrolysis is pyrogas 16, which, after cooling 17 and purification 18, is supplied to generate heat and electric energy 19 for the own needs of the landfill (business zone 23, service point 24, installation 4) and external consumer 26. Pyrocarbonate 21 and others resulting from pyrolysis fraction after passing through the section 12 of the gas chamber enters the accumulation zone 7, after which pyrocarbonate 21 is used to clean the filtrate 13, and the remaining waste neutralized after thermal decomposition (up to 10-20% of the raw ya) get enough sleep to be sent for disposal 22.

In zone 5 of biodegradation, temperature, humidity, pH, chemical composition and contamination of the substrate, the amount and composition of the filtrate 13 are monitored. As a result of biodegradation, up to 70% of organic waste or 30-40% of raw waste is processed.

Additionally, in section 9 of anaerobic processing, the following is subjected to control: pressure at control points, amount and composition of biogas 15.

In zone 6 of thermal decomposition, in addition to temperature, the gas mode is important. The waste remaining after biodegradation (up to 40-60% of the raw material) is subjected to thermal decomposition. The pyrolysis processing process should occur in the absence of oxygen. The supply of oxygen from above is excluded since the waste comes from anaerobic processing section 9. To prevent oxygen from entering from below, a section 12 of the gas chamber is used, where, after cleaning 18, an excess pressure of carbon dioxide 27 is supplied.

Aerobic processing in section 8 lasts 24-48 hours at a temperature of 45-60 ° C, pH 6.5-7. Anaerobic processing in section 9 lasts 960-1440 hours at a temperature of 55-60 ° C, pH 5-6 - at the beginning of processing, pH 7.5-8.5 - at the end of processing.

Thermal decomposition by pyrolysis lasts 24 hours at a temperature of 600-1100 ° C.

A multifunctional installation 4 for the disposal of solid waste at landfills, including an elongated chamber, is located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area (Fig. 2), in the upper part of which there is an access path 39 for filling the solid waste into the elongated chamber through the hatch 34, in the lower part of which there is a shutter 37 for dumping the processed and neutralized mass of solid waste.

The walls of the chamber are made of cast reinforced concrete, or precast concrete rings, or corrosion-resistant metal. With an increase in the number of installation chambers (Fig. 3), the volume of recyclable waste and the generation of heat and electric energy increase.

Outside, on the side surface of the chamber, a ladder / elevator 38 is fixed for servicing the installation.

Multifunctional installation 4 (Fig. 2), made in the form of a single cylinder, is a "part of the landfill" - an inclined core with all its contents, including the processes occurring in them (biothermoreactor). In contrast to the landfill, biochemical waste disposal processes in the installation:

- flow in the waste mass due to its own weight;

- occur in strictly controlled, regulated and controlled conditions;

- performed at an accelerated pace.

Fixing the installation on a slope (mountain, hill, ravine, quarry) - pile or scalloped, with a lower support at the base is carried out by cutting into the soil of the slope or without cutting - with fixing on the surface.

The inclined installation location (Fig. 2, b) has the following advantages:

- the natural movement of waste down under its own weight in the process of dropping a portion of the processed mass at the next unloading;

- reducing the load from the lower base due to the distribution of pressure of the entire structure with its contents over a large area;

- reduction of the vertical pressure of the mass and the speed of advancement of the mass, as a result of which the load on the elements integrated inside the installation is facilitated;

- 4 support points distributed over the entire length of the installation give the structure greater reliability and seismic stability.

The installation cross section is round or oval for the following reasons:

- this form better withstands the pressure of solid waste;

- the movement of solid waste with this section is more uniform, without delay in the corners;

- the filtrate stock is concentrated at the lower point of the circle or oval, then it is discharged to the outside.

A multifunctional installation 4 consists of a sequentially located biodegradation zone, including an aerobic section 28 and anaerobic waste processing section 29 with hatches 35 on the side wall, a thermal decomposition zone, consisting of a drying and heating section 30, a pyrolysis section 31 and a gas chamber 32, and a cooling zone 33 and accumulation of processed products. The gas chamber 32 is designed to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis section 31 from below. The gas shutter chamber 32 is closed from above and below by shutters, the simultaneous opening of which is impossible.

A multifunctional structure is mounted inside the biodegradation zone - blades (Fig. 4), designed to mix the processed mass of solid waste moving under its own weight, collect and withdraw biogas, introduce water and correction solutions, and a device for collecting and discharging the filtrate (Fig. 5).

The blades (Fig. 4), consisting of a flange 42 with a solid plane 41 welded to it, made in the form of an oblique quadrangle mounted at an angle of 40-50 ° to the vertical, are mounted cantilever, tilted downward by 15-20 °, to slide the hanging material. With such an installation of the blades, the substrate flow moving under its own weight will spread, slide off the upper edge and the plane of the blade, and parts of it will change the direction of movement. Thanks to the blades, the loosening of the mass occurs, which improves the selection of biogas and positively affects the processing speed. Along the long sides of the planes 41 and through the holes in the flange 42 pass power pipes 40 with perforations 43 made of steel and designed to collect biogas, supply water and a correction solution to the processed mass of solid waste. The flange 42 and the plane of the 41 blades are made of chemically resistant sheet steel with a thickness of 2-2.5 mm. Power tubes of 40 blades have a diameter of 60-80 mm. Power tubes 40 at the location in the chamber can be: longitudinal, mounted in the walls of the chamber; MSW masses included in the internal volume and combined with inclined mixing planes. Power tubes 40 have outlet pipes 44 located in different places along the entire height of the zones of the chamber, so that humidification and the addition of solutions can be done selectively and narrowly at the desired height.

The mounted device for collecting and discharging the filtrate (Fig. 5) consists of a chute 45 with a protective net 46 with a container in the lower part - a water collector 47 and a drain pipe 48. The protective net 46 of the chute 45 for collecting and discharging the filtrate is made in the form of a perforated cast-iron plate. The capacity of the chute 45 of the device for collecting and outputting the filtrate is made in the form of a pocket, from which the filtrate is discharged outward through a bypass pipe 48.

For one installation 4, three or four gutters 45 are sufficient, arranged sequentially one after another along the entire length of the chamber. Moreover, the chamber has one longitudinal prefabricated large groove 49 and a grid of small oblique adjacent grooves 50.

For the oblique installation of solid waste disposal 4, the pyrolysis section 31 is made in the direct design and consists of gates 51, a combustion chamber 52, a flame arrester 53, reflectors 54, a pyrogas collector 55 and an air heat exchanger 56.

The advantages of the invention:

- obtaining biogas, pyrogas, thermal and electric energy;

- continuous process of processing solid waste;

- the processing process is carried out under strict control, management and regulation;

- in the process of processing solid waste naturally moves from one zone to another under its own weight;

- maintainability;

- an additional reduction in the cost of the disposal method using installation 4 through the use of so-called “waste” land that does not have commercial value, such as the slopes of mountains, hills, ravines, quarries;

- a significant reduction in the technogenic load of the landfill on the environment using: gas treatment facilities - processing and disposal of the output of harmful gaseous substances, sedimentation tanks - collection and purification of the filtrate by adding reagents and their reuse in the installation;

- burial of neutralized and neutralized residues of solid waste that have not undergone processing in the installation.

Thus, the proposed method for the disposal of solid waste using the installation at landfills is based on the following main principles:

The movement of solid waste on the territory of the landfill in space and in time proceeds under strict control, management and regulation;

the landfill during processing and disposal due to the inclined location of the installation is in a natural, under its own weight movement;

control, management and regulation of processes occur at the level of:

disposal, processing and disposal of solid waste,

formation, isolation and purification of pollutants,

education, allocation, processing and use of secondary resources,

production of heat and electric energy;

accelerated and continuous disposal process;

a significant reduction in the time required for waste disposal; areas required for the operation of new generation landfills; pollutant emissions.

The proposed method for the disposal of solid waste using a multifunctional installation will significantly eliminate the current disadvantages of solid waste disposal at landfills.

Claims (20)

1. The method of disposal of solid household waste (MSW) at landfills, including loading waste into the plant, biodegradation and thermal decomposition with the formation of gaseous and solid products, neutralization, cooling and accumulation of processed products,
characterized in that before loading, radiation and dosimetric control of the mass of solid waste is carried out, the disposal of solid waste is carried out in two stages, and waste from one disposal zone to the other comes naturally and continuously under the influence of its own weight in the process of dropping a portion of the processed or spent mass of solid waste during the next unloading,
at the first stage of solid waste disposal, they are subjected to aerobic and anaerobic processing, as a result of which biogas is produced, which is then fed to the generation of thermal and electric energy,
at the second stage of the disposal of solid waste, they undergo thermal decomposition, in which part of the waste that is not processed in the biodegradation zone under the influence of hot gas undergoes intensive drying and heating, then pyrolysis, which results in pyrogas, which, after cooling and cleaning, also goes to the generation of heat and electric energy,
pyrocarbonate obtained as a result of pyrolysis is used in purification of the filtrate, which is released during biodegradation,
other solid fractions of the waste neutralized in the installation after cooling are unloaded and sent for burial. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the aerobic processing lasts 24-48 hours at a temperature of 45-60 ° C, pH 6.5-7. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the anaerobic processing lasts 960-1440 hours at a temperature of 55-60 ° C, pH 5-6 at the beginning of processing, pH 7.5-8.5 at the end of processing. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as a result of biodegradation up to 70% of organic waste or up to 30-40% of waste from raw is processed. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the thermal decomposition by the pyrolysis method lasts 24 hours at a temperature of 600-1100 ° C. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the waste remaining after biodegradation (up to 40-60% of the raw material) is subjected to thermal decomposition. 7. Installation of solid waste disposal at landfills, including an elongated solid waste processing chamber, located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area, in the upper part of which there is an access path for filling the solid waste into the elongated chamber through the hatch, in the lower part of which there is a shutter for dumping processed and neutralized solid waste mass, and the elongated chamber consists of sequentially arranged biodegradation zones, thermal decomposition zones, including a pyrolysis section, a cooling zone and product accumulation recycling
characterized in that
The biodegradation zone includes two sections - an aerobic and anaerobic solid waste processing section, in which a multifunctional design is mounted - blades for mixing the mass of solid waste moving under its own weight, collecting and removing biogas, introducing water and correction solutions, and a device for collecting and removing filtrate,
on the side wall of the chamber in different places installed hatches designed for sampling,
in the zone of thermal decomposition, an additional section for drying and heating the processed solid waste mass and a gas chamber were introduced to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis section from below,
outside, a ladder / elevator is fixed on the side surface of the chamber to service the installation. 8. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the walls of the elongated chamber are made of cast reinforced concrete, or precast concrete rings, or corrosion-resistant metal. 9. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the blades consist of a flange with a solid plane welded to it, made in the form of an oblique quadrangle mounted at an angle of 40-50 ° to the vertical. 10. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the mounted device for collecting and withdrawing the filtrate consists of a gutter with a protective mesh with a container in the lower part - a water collector and a drain pipe. 11. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the camera has a longitudinal prefabricated large groove and a grid of small oblique adjacent grooves. 12. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the pyrolysis section consists of gates, a combustion chamber, a flame arrester, reflectors, a pyrogas collector and an air heat exchanger. 13. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas shutter is closed at the top and bottom by shutters, the simultaneous opening of which is impossible. 14. Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the blades are mounted cantilever, with an inclination downward by 15-20 °, for sliding the hanging material. 15. Installation according to claim 10, characterized in that along the long sides of the planes and through holes in the flange are perforated power pipes made of steel and intended for collecting and removing biogas, supplying water and a correction solution to the processed mass of solid waste. 16. Installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the flange and the plane of the blades are made of chemically resistant sheet steel with a thickness of 2-2.5 mm. 17. Installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the power perforated tubes of the blades have a diameter of 60-80 mm. 18. Installation according to p. 11, characterized in that the power perforated pipes have outlet pipes. 19. Installation according to p. 15, characterized in that the protective mesh of the trough for collecting and removing the filtrate is made in the form of a cast-iron perforated plate. 20. Installation according to p. 15, characterized in that the gutter capacity of the device for collecting and outputting the filtrate is made in the form of a pocket, from which the filtrate is discharged outward through an outlet pipe.

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