RU2600603C1 - Method for destructing undesirable vegetation on ground - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used for weed control. Method for destructing undesirable vegetation acts on the root system of plants. Exposure occurs during the period of sap flow. Exposure is performed using ultrasonic vibrations directed into the depth of the root system.

EFFECT: method ensures effective destruction of undesirable vegetation on large and small areas.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and may also find application on non-agricultural land, in particular in the right of way of transport and pipeline pipelines, mainly in order to combat Sosnovsky (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden).

Known (RU 2399204) is a method of destroying thickets of giant hogweed on non-agricultural lands, including restoring the landscape by forming a sod layer by sowing grass seeds, for which in the early spring after emergence emerges infected territory and, taking into account the relief, form areas. Then, on the surface of the formed area, a protective carpet of continuous flexible water-permeable material with a density that penetrates through it the roots of the grasses is laid. The carpet is covered with clean soil with a height of at least 5 cm. In the area with a slope, before the backfill, geogrids are installed on the carpet to protect the soil from erosion. Then sowing grass dominant dominant of the area is carried out with an increased sowing rate of 10-30 kg / ha with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers.

The complexity of the technology in accordance with RU 2399204 (allocation of contaminated territory, formation of sites, laying of a protective carpet from special material, filling it with soil, installing geogrids, sowing grass, fertilizing) determines not only the feasibility of finding more efficient and cheap technologies, but also the economic importance problems of combating hogweed.

Also known (RU 2297141) is a method of destroying cow parsnip, including treating the clogged area with systemic herbicides having soil activity, subsequent loosening with a 10 to 15 cm depth formation, re-treating the selective action with the herbicide and forming a sod cover by sowing the seeds of the herbicide resistant herbicide selective action.

The method according to RU 2297141, which is the closest to the claimed technical solution, does not have perfection.

Herbicides are forbidden to be used in protected areas on the banks of rivers, lakes, near residential buildings, including children's and medical institutions. There are recommendations for a combination of agrotechnical and mechanical control measures - two or three mowing of growing weeds during the growing season, trimming with bulldozers to prevent seeding, and depleting the root system. Significantly reduces the potential stock of weeds in the soil and destroys the seedlings of the cow parsnip plowing to a depth of not 10-15 cm, but not less than 25 cm, which is more expensive and worsens the fertility of the land. In addition, Sosnowski hogweed is highly fertile, one plant produces up to 8,000 or more seeds, and the methods for distributing seeds are diverse. Where hogweed grows, the land becomes unusable and poses a threat to public health and certain types of farm animals.

The objective of the invention is to develop a more effective technology for the destruction of cowhide Sosnowski and other unwanted vegetation on land, aimed at the possibility of widespread use at different scales, in different areas, in industrial and private practice, as well as the development of an appropriate device that implements the inventive method.

This is achieved by the fact that in the method of destroying unwanted vegetation on the ground, which consists in influencing the root system of the plant during the sap flow in order to reduce the intensity and speed of the upward current of sap flow, the root system is affected by ultrasound, while ultrasonic vibrations are directed into the depth of the root system, ultrasonic the vibrations excite at the cut-off point between the aerial part and the root system and, under ultrasonic action, simultaneously enter herbicides, which before entering m heated.

It is well known that the roots of a plant are penetrated by numerous capillaries, through which water with substances dissolved in it enters the aerial part of the plant, the main mechanism of water movement is capillary rise and the main driving force of water rise is the surface tension in the meniscus of the capillaries (e.g., capillaries of plant xylem / Yu.M. Vernigorov, I.A. Kipnis // Bulletin of the Don State Technical University. M: INFRA-M. V. 14. I. 3. S. 0-0. DOI: 10.12737 / 5698) .

The scientific discovery "Ultrasonic capillary effect" No. 109 of May 31, 1961 (author EG Konovalov) with the following formula "The experimentally established previously unknown phenomenon of anomalous increase (tenfold) in the speed and height of the liquid in the capillaries with direct exposure to ultrasound and its increase with increasing temperature. "

The essence of the method is illustrated in FIG. 1, where it is indicated: 1 - the level of the surface of the earth, 2 - the root system of the plant, 3 - the location of the cut between the aboveground part and the root system, 4 - the arrow indicating the ultrasonic effect, 5 - the arrow indicating the input of herbicides.

In the place of the slice 3, located at a small distance h from the surface of the earth 1, the root system 2 is affected by ultrasound (arrow 4) by means of an ultrasonic vibrator, while the ultrasonic vibrations are directed deep into the root system 2. Based on the ultrasonic capillary effect under the influence of ultrasonic vibrations in root system 2 will be some region depth H, in which the rising sap flow current I _v is the velocity vector of the velocity vector is less than the downward current I _y, that is to osobstvovat death of root system 2 at a depth H, while the rest is attenuated viability root system below the depth H.

With the simultaneous introduction of 2 herbicides into the root system along with ultrasound exposure (arrow 5), the probability of the death of the root system 2 at a depth of H increases significantly. Additional heating of the herbicides increases the depth H.

Claims (4)

1. A method of destroying unwanted vegetation on the ground, including exposure to the root system of the plant during sap flow to reduce the intensity and speed of the upward current of sap flow, characterized in that the root system is affected by ultrasound, while ultrasonic vibrations are directed into the depth of the root system. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrations excite at the cut between the aboveground part and the root system. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that during ultrasonic treatment, herbicides are simultaneously administered. 4. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that the herbicides are heated.

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