RU2689006C1 - Cartridge for smooth-bore arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to unitary cartridges for smooth-bore guns. Cartridge for a smooth-bore weapon includes a wad container docked from longitudinal aerodynamically separated parts, where a charge of a fraction and a throwing subcaliber element carrying a signal cartridge are placed. Signal pellet interacts with lower propellant powder charge of bullet casing arranged in abutment to primer-igniter mounted in metal cap of its bottom. According to the invention, a subcaliber element supported by a charge of a fraction, which is placed in a chamber of a wad-container with an open head end face, is geometrically closed on the opposite side by an obturating ring of communication of propellant powder charge with a signal cartridge.

EFFECT: technical result consists in increase of target range of firing at ordered scree of shot.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hunting and sporting ammunition, and more specifically, to unitary cartridges for smooth-bore guns, including a sheath with a propelling charge, a wad and a pool in the form of shot charge.

The level of this field of technology is characterized by the hunting cartridge described in patent RU 2283468 C2, F42B 7/06, 2006, which contains a plastic sleeve equipped with a propellant powder charge, the steel pallet of which carries a primer-igniter, and a shot fraction, mixed in a polymer bag. container, provided with longitudinal slots, dividing it into sectors, tightly adjacent to each other in the collection, adjacent to the sleeve.

Wad container has an obturator liner with support bridges that form a shock absorber for damping dynamic loads when fired.

The longitudinal slits in the wad container form sector petals, at the base of which horizontal cutting grooves are made to ensure their radial deflection by the oncoming air flow, as a result of which the shot charge is released for autonomous flight to the target, since the wad container is decelerated aerodynamically.

The disadvantage of the described cartridge is the absence of a visual indicator of the trajectory of the bullet flight, which determines its unsuitability for training firing and the impossibility of correcting fire during a hunt, since the charge of the shot during autonomous flight under the influence of the pressure of the incident flow is deformed and forms the affected area of a large area without a pronounced center along which It is impossible to practically assess the accuracy of shooting and promptly correct the aimed fire.

In addition, the inevitable unevenness of bending the petals of the wad-container a priori creates a distortion of the munition and deflects the detachable bullet from the sighting trajectory of firing, which determines the large variable deflection of the bullet from the aiming line.

Noted deficiencies are eliminated in the cartridge with the arrow bullet for smooth-bore small arms according to patent RU 118423 U1, F42BD 7/02, 2012, which by technical essence and the number of matching signs is chosen as the closest analogue to the proposed hunting cartridge.

The known cartridge contains a sleeve with a metal pallet, carrying a primer-igniter, interacting with a propellant powder charge, shot charge, placed in a polymer pyzhe container, made with longitudinal slots for aerodynamic separation into parts.

The shot charge is placed in the head part of the sub-caliber central bullet cap congruent to the dead-end axial groove of the wad container, with which it is geometrically closed by a flange.

In the carrying cap of the bullet - missile element, there is a checker made of light or smoke pyrotechnic composition (signal), communicating with a propellant powder charge by means of a nozzle of the transverse diaphragm, which overlaps the bottom combustion chamber.

This set of interrelated structural elements forms the functional unity of the cartridge and sub-caliber arrow bullet for smooth-bore small arms, characterized by the expansion of the field of application and increased efficiency of the damaging effect:

- for hunting a large animal, using a painful shock from injuring the tissues and bones of the skeleton, with the stopping effect of the kinetic impulse from meeting the arrow bullet, which has an increased accuracy and flight range;

- for training shooting skills due to the adjustment of aiming by the signal indication of the flight path.

The well-known cartridge is characterized by the light and / or smoke visualization of a position in space due to the generation of a gas-aerosol formation, emitting in the visible range, or smoke, clearly visible and visible from a distance of shooting when the signal block is burning.

Aerodynamic separation of adjacent sectors, from which a wad container is formed during assembly, occurs symmetrically, without distorting the trajectory of the bullet.

At the same time, the well-known hunting cartridge is characterized by high manufacturability and manufacture of structural elements on existing equipment of mass production.

However, from the inherent drawbacks of the well-known patron, the following should be noted.

When placing a fraction charge inside a deaf cap of a bullet (missile element), its fragmentation action is practically leveled, and the area of wounds is not developed.

The bottom flange of the bullet cap noticeably slows down the speed of its autonomous movement to the target.

The exit of gas-aerosol products of burning of the signal block occurs unorganized, in clubs, which visualizes the spatial position of the bullet, but does not allow to determine the real trajectory of its flight and makes it difficult to correct the shooting.

Technical problem on which the present invention is directed, is to increase the functional reliability of the hunting cartridge and the striking effect of its fragmentation ammunition.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known cartridge for smooth-bore weapons, including a wad container joined from longitudinal aerodynamically divided parts, where a shot charge is placed and a missile sabot bearing a signal block that interacts with a sleeve located below the throwing powder charge of the cartridge placed in adjoining to the primer-igniter mounted in the metal cap of its bottom, according to the invention, sub-caliber element, on which the shot charge is based, times eschenny wad-chamber container with an open end face of the head, the geometrically closed with the opposing side obtyuriruyuschim ring communication propellant powder charge with the signal checker.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution provided increased sighting range of shooting, with an orderly scree of shot, and the effectiveness of the striking fragmentation and traumatic action, coupled with an additional stopping effect and pain shock for safe hunting.

The sub-caliber element, on which the shot charge rests in the head chamber of the wad container, forms a switch bullet, which is longitudinally stabilized on the trajectory after the shot.

The geometric closure of the wad container with an obturating ring prevents the breakthrough of powder gases burning a propellant charge for a fraction charge, thus maintaining the calculated impulse and achieving stability of the initial velocity of the switch bullet, i.e., a given target range of the beast upon meeting.

In this case, the braking of the missile element is noticeably less than the shot charge, as a result of which there is no separation, as the missile element is pressed to the shot charge under the action of an additional thrust force of the jet generated by the burning of the bottom gas-generating checker.

On an autonomous flight after separation from the wad container, a shot debris occurs under the action of an incident flow of air along an adjacent element below and forms a long rod-like conglomerate characterized by an increased damaging effect.

At the same time, a massive throwing element with a flat butt penetrates deep into the carcass of the beast, breaking bones, creates a stopping effect and painful shock, which is necessary for safety when hunting a large beast.

The long-focus fire force formed during the burning of the end gas-generating signal block during the autonomous flight of the bullet is inside the shotgun, which serves as a visual indicator of the position on the trajectory, and is clearly visible and distinguishable from the point of view of shooting, allowing you to quickly correct the aiming.

The execution of the camera of the wad container with an open head end is necessary in order to separate the ballast wad container on the autonomous flight of an arrowed bullet, with a concomitant increase in the dynamic characteristics of the striking equipment knocked out of it for an autonomous flight to the target.

Consequently, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve a novelty of quality that is not inherent to features in disunity, that is, the required technical result is achieved not by the sum of effects, but by a new supereffect of the sum of features.

Comparison of the proposed technical solution with the closest analogues of the prior art did not reveal an identical match of the set of essential features of the invention.

The proposed differences of the cartridge are not obvious to a specialist in hunting smooth-bore weapons, which do not directly follow from the statement of the technical problem.

The manufacture of a set of structural elements of the proposed cartridge in their relationship it is possible to carry out serially on the existing pyrotechnic production using standard components.

From the above, we can conclude that the invention complies with the conditions of patentability.

The essence of the proposed cartridge is explained in the drawing, which has a purely illustrative purpose and does not limit the scope of the claims set of essential features of the formula, which shows a general view of the cartridge in a longitudinal section.

Declared hunting cartridge includes a thin-walled polymer sleeve 1 with a metal bottom cap 2, in which is fixed primer-igniter 3, adjacent to the propellant powder charge 4, on which the obturator ring 5 is mounted, installed in the sleeve 1 vnatyag.

With the obturator ring 5, the caliber wad container 6 is geometrically closed, made up of aerodynamically divided longitudinal halves, joined in the assembly of the cartridge.

The obturator ring 5 is supported by a throwing metal element 7, in the lower end of which an axial nest 8 is made for placement of a gas-generating piece 9 caliber comparable to the central hole of the ring 5 filled with gunpowder charge 4.

The camera 10 of the head of the wad container 6 is filled with a charge of 11 fraction, which rests on the missile element 7 mated by the outer profile with the congruent central cavity of the composite wad container 6.

At the open end of the wad container 6 there is a plug 12 on which the seam of the sleeve 1 is rolled, geometrically closing the charge of the 11 fraction in the head chamber 10 of the wad container 6 and the last assembly of the cartridge as a whole.

Functions hunting cartridge as follows.

A pulse igniter 3 is initiated by a weapon pulse, the fire force of which ignites a propellant charge 4.

The hot gaseous products that are formed during the burning of the propellant powder 4 ignite a piece 9 in the junction, during the burning of which a long-focus fire force is formed.

At the bottom of the liner 1, the pressure rises, with which the wad-container 6 receives linear acceleration.

While the head end of the wad-container 6, the plug 12 is pushed out of the sleeve 1, bending back its seam inset seam allowance, freeing the passage for the loaded caliber wad-container 6.

On autonomous flight, the wad-container 6 is divided into component halves by the oncoming air flow, freeing the charge of the 11th fraction and the missile element 7 adjacent to it, which will continue to fly to the target at a given speed.

The missile element 7 is additionally accelerated by the jet propulsion, developed by the fire force, formed during the end burning of the signal block 9, in the form of a well-discernible gas-aerosol formation emitting in the visible range.

As a result of this, the missile element 7 is pressed to the charge of the 11th fraction, accelerating it.

The long-focus fire force formed during the burning of the signal block 9, clearly visible and distinguishable from the point of view of shooting, visualizes the trajectory of the bullet and allows you to correct further shooting.

Under the action of air pressure, the fraction 11 charge on the periphery is crumbling along the element 7 posteriorly, which forms the configuration of a structured bullet, which is characterized by increased permeability in the carcass of the beast upon meeting.

The missile element 7, which increases the mass of the bullet, provides a stopping effect and a shocking effect on the animal from large injuries of tissues and organs, at fracture of the bones of the skeleton, which increases the effectiveness of the hunting cartridge.

Testing by shooting an experimental batch of cartridges according to the invention confirmed the achievement of increased performance indicators: a destructive effect, an increased initial speed of a bullet with tracing its flight trajectory, which makes it possible to recommend the design of a hunting cartridge for mass production according to customer orders.

Claims (1)

Spout for shotguns, comprising a wad-container docked with longitudinal aerodynamically separable parts where placed charge fraction and methane Subcaliber bearing member signal checker which cooperates with downstream propelling powder charge liner placed in abutment to the primer, mounted in a metal cap its bottom, characterized in that the subcaliber element on which the fraction of the charge rests, placed in the chamber of the wad container with an open head, geomet On the opposite side, it is scientifically closed by the occuring ring of the communication of the propellant powder charge with the signal block.

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