RU2687426C2 - Method and device for wet air cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treatment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods and technical means of cleaning air in industry and can be used for cleaning air from dust and other harmful impurities at various production processes with content of harmful substances in air of working zones above maximum permissible concentration (MPC), in particular in mining industry. Proposed device comprises, in fact, elongated hollow case with inlet and outlet, feed pipes, ejectors arranged linearly inside said case and connected by their inlets to feed pipes, their nozzles facing nozzle outlet and discharge branch pipe. Hollow housing of device is equipped with flow divider located between ejecting nozzles and housing outlet, forming air paths in longitudinal secant plane, extending at acute or right angle to longitudinal axis of housing, wherein said paths are closed behind flow divider at, in fact, straight or acute angle to housing lengthwise axis, and discharge branch pipe communicates with at least one of them. Method of wet air cleaning includes the influx of contaminated air flow into the housing through the inlet, preliminary wet cleaning by spraying cone of linearly located ejector nozzles, conversion of pre-cleaned air flow into tubular flow of belt type, collapse of pre-cleaned air flow into flow with solid cross-section and removal of impurities through discharge branch pipe.EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of air cleaning without need for additional energy supply.16 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods and technical means of air purification in industry and can be used to clean the air from dust and other harmful impurities in various industrial processes with the content of harmful substances in the air of working areas above the maximum permissible concentration (MPC), in particular in the mining industry.

The proposed method and device relate to the field of air purifiers with multi-stage combined cleaning. The nozzles with nozzles contained in the body of the device combine the functions of a thrusting device and a cleaner for the incoming air flow device. A high degree of interaction with the incoming air of the dispersible liquid is achieved, including, due to the wide opening of the liquid cone, which is ensured by the location of the nozzles. After passing through the pre-cleaning stage, the air flow is cleaned when passing through the separator by dividing the total flow into air paths and their subsequent collision.

Known methods of air purification by the method of collision of oncoming flows, based on the collision of separate jets supplied to the coagulation chamber through independent pipelines. The efficiency of trapping harmful impurities depends on the volume of the coagulation chamber, the speed and density of the streams (jets).

In the prior art, a method for cleaning contaminated air flow is known, implemented in a device according to the USSR author's certificate for invention No. 659173 (applicants: company p / i A-7113, ITMO na AV Lykov (SU), z. No. 2434727 from 27.12 .1976, publ 30.04.1979, IPC B01D 47/06). The dust gas cleaning device contains a coagulation chamber, into which accelerating tubes are coaxially inserted from opposite sides, the outer tubes are coaxially arranged, forming between them an annular channel for introducing crimping jets into the coagulation chamber through outlet nozzles directed at an angle of 10-40 ° to the accelerating axis and external pipes. The squeezing jet is introduced into the annular channel through tangentially located nozzles. In the booster pipes are nozzles. The coagulation chamber is equipped with an exhaust branch pipe of the exhaust gas in the drip pan. In addition, flow swirlers are placed in the booster tubes, and the pipes are connected by a pipeline to the supply line through the pulsating valve. The above technical solution has several disadvantages. At relatively high speeds of oncoming flows, which is required to increase the cleaning efficiency, the possible dimensions of the coagulation chamber do not provide the necessary degree of prevention of droplet removal and secondary entrainment of harmful substances by the air flow. Thus, the forced limitation of the volume of the coagulation chamber does not make it possible to fully utilize the effectiveness of the counter-jet method. In addition, the device according to the specified author's certificate is characterized by a complex structure that increases the consumption of materials, energy consumption, and, due to the increase in air supply channels, the need to increase the number and power of thrust boosters.

The prior art solutions, overcoming some of the disadvantages of the above devices, but implemented on different principles. So, there is a technical solution on the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2418171 (applicant Glazyrin EA (RU), d. No. 2009149681 dated December 30, 2009, publ. May 10, 2011, IPC E21F 5/00). The invention implemented a method of wet cleaning the air flow, including the flow of air to the entrance of the cleaner, passing through a cascade of ejector nozzles, coagulation, removal of harmful impurities through the sludge outlet, the deposition of the remaining impurities on the sludge separator and the output of cleaned air. The disadvantages of the method according to the specified patent are insufficient cleaning quality of the dusty air stream, containing mainly fine particles. The nozzle cascade used does not fully ensure the coagulation of smaller dust particles, which follow further in the direction of flow and can not be effectively captured, in particular, by the sludge trap. In addition, the cascade irrigation of dust-air flow nozzles leads to coagulation of the latter with liquid droplets, which, due to the design deficit, expressed in low efficiency in trapping the fine components of the air-flow forming dust, increases the moisture content of the air flow at the outlet of the cleaning device.

The technical problem addressed by the present inventions is an increase in the efficiency of air cleaning without the need for additional energy supply due to pre-treatment of polluted air flow and subsequent purification and trapping of smaller smaller particles during separation and subsequent collision of dust-air and air flows, as well as additional drainage of dust-air and air flow when passing through the flow converter section.

This problem is overcome by the proposed device for wet air cleaning. The technical problem is solved in the general case by the fact that in a wet air cleaning device, comprising a substantially elongated hollow body with inlet and outlet, inlet pipes, ejecting nozzles, linearly installed inside the case, connected by their inlets with inlet pipes, facing to the nozzles the outlet of the housing, and the discharge nozzle, the hollow housing additionally equipped with a flow divider located between the ejecting nozzles and the outlet forming at least two air paths, Sharp or right angles to the longitudinal axis of the housing, the paths are closed behind the flow divider at a substantially right angle or sharp angle to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the outlet nipple is connected to at least one of the paths.

The device in the General case of execution has a number of common features with the closest analogue. So, both technical solutions contain, in essence, an elongated hollow body with inlet and outlet, inlet pipes connected by their outlets to inlets of ejecting nozzles linearly installed inside the housing, and a outlet pipe. Signs that distinguish the invention from the closest analogue in the General case of execution, is the presence of a flow divider located between the ejecting nozzles and the outlet forming the air paths in the longitudinal cutting plane located at an acute or right angle to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the paths are closed behind the flow divider under essentially a right or sharp angle to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the outlet nozzle communicates with at least one of them.

This problem in one particular implementation of the proposed device for wet cleaning of the air flow is additionally solved by the fact that the hollow body of the device has, predominantly, a tubular shape.

The technical problem in another particular case of the device is additionally solved by the fact that the body has a variable cross section.

The technical problem in the third particular case of the execution of a wet air cleaning device is additionally solved by the fact that the hollow body of the device is provided with a diffuser and a confuser located in front of and behind the flow divider, respectively.

A refinement of the third special case for a wet air cleaning device is the execution of a flow divider in the form of a glass, oriented with the open part to the entrance of the hollow body of the device, and located coaxially with respect to it.

It is advisable to further clarify the above sign of the device for wet cleaning the air flow so that the area of the transverse glass S _b is determined by the dependency:

where S _h - the cross-sectional area of the housing directly in front of the flow divider, and the length of the glass L _b along the longitudinal axis is determined by the dependence:

where D _h - case diameter.

The technical problem in the fourth particular case is additionally solved by the fact that the cross-sectional area S _{ch of} each air path is determined by the formula:

where S _h is the cross-sectional area of the housing directly in front of the flow divider, an is the number of air paths formed by the flow divider.

To solve the stated technical problem, the device in the particular case of execution is characterized in that the hollow body contains several flow dividers installed in series, with the closing of the air paths occurring behind each flow divider.

The following private execution of the device differs from the general case in that the impeller is additionally installed in the case, placed between the flow divider and the outlet of the case, and at its location the cross-sectional area of the case is larger than the typical cross-sectional area of the case.

A refinement of the above private performance is the setting of the impeller in motion by the oncoming air flow and the execution of the impeller blades with angles of attack in the range of 15 ÷ 30 °.

In another particular case of execution, the present invention differs from its implementation in general by the fact that a cesspool is additionally installed in a casing in the form of a package, mainly mutually parallel plates, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the casing and located between the flow divider and the casing outlet.

Another implementation of the device is the implementation of the rear section of the air paths with double fracture 30 ÷ 50 °.

The device, in accordance with another special case of execution, may additionally be characterized by the fact that one of the air paths contains a baffle wall installed essentially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the air flow, under which there is an outlet nozzle with a neck communicating with the path.

The cleaning efficiency of a polluted air stream obviously depends on the ratio of the total amount of harmful impurities at the point of air flow through the inlet of the device to the number of captured impurities. Not all impurities can be removed from the dust-air mixture during the first cleaning stage, i.e. when interacting with a watering nozzle cone.

Nevertheless, linear ejecting nozzles ensure uniform and steady irrigation of the dispersed liquid of the air flow passing through them with a cone-shaped torch and complete uniform and dense filling of that part of the air cleaner body cavity with the dispersed liquid. The collision of dispersed dust particles with liquid droplets leads to their coagulation and further fallout on the lower part of the device. At the same time, some fine particles, the number of which depends, inter alia, on the pressure of the liquid in the torch of the spray nozzle, coagulate insufficiently intensively, which leads to their advancement to the output of the device body and, as a result, such particles cannot be caught due to falling into the discharge pipe, as they continue to move along with the main mass of the air flow. The solution to the problem of prompting intense coagulation of fine particles containing harmful impurities is the use of a flow divider. Technically, the present invention applies the principle of dilution (separation) of a single stream into parts, and their subsequent merging into a new single stream, and the collision of separated streams occurs at an angle approximately close to 180 °, which allows, on the one hand, to effectively extinguish kinetic energy small dust particles after the collision of particles of different streams, on the other hand, allows the droplet-dust particles to become larger before the mass of the dispersed system is increased to a value that leads to the precipitation of such particles on More importantly the base of the body and their subsequent flow into the outlet nozzle.

The flow divider provides the formation of air paths, contributing to the reduction of kleonoos due to dilution and the subsequent collision of dust and air jets. In the general case of execution, the flow divider essentially functions as a deflector, creating several paths for the flow of air through the separator section.

Thus, the proposed device allows the combined multistage cleaning of polluted air flow.

The collision of the oppositely directed paths additionally provides for the dehumidification of the air flow due to the aforementioned reduction of the drop-removal, as a result of which, the liquid droplets mostly remain in the coagulation zone.

The implementation of the body, mainly in the form of a pipe, i.e., in the general case of a hollow body having at least two ends, which are essentially an input, the length of which along the horizontal axis considerably exceeds its diametrical size. The cross section of such a body may have both a circle shape and another shape, for example, a polygon. Preferably, however, the use of a body with a circular cross section or close to it, since the design of the ejecting nozzles implies the creation of a spray liquid cone, also having a substantially circular cross section. Thus, the most effective interaction of liquid droplets with the dust-air flow is carried out. The tubular form of the body provides a relatively stable speed of the air flow during the passage of all the cleaning steps provided by the invention, in parallel ensuring the purification of the dispersed system (harmful substances, air, water drops) due to the manifestation of the so-called. "Wall effect", which consists in slowing down the speed of movement of that part of the flow, which is located closer to the external diameter of the device case. The decrease in speed leads, in turn, to a decrease in the kinetic energy of the particles, which, combined with, predominantly, turbulent flow of the medium in the body, leads to additional loss of a certain amount of particles containing harmful impurities on the lower part of the inner surface of the body. Further movement of these particles continues towards the outlet nozzle under the action of the air flow formed by the array of ejecting nozzles.

The device case may have a variable cross section, i.e. pipe sections that have a larger or smaller value of the cross-sectional area compared with the typical cross-sectional area of the body. A typical area is considered to be such a cross-sectional area, which approximately corresponds to the cross-sectional area of the irrigating cone of the ejecting nozzles. The use of narrower or wider areas in the housing allows you to change the speed and magnitude of the pressure flow in accordance with the laws of hydrodynamics. For example, it may be advisable to reduce the diameter of the body at the point of collision of oppositely directed air flow to create additional turbulence in the area of their interaction. Additionally, it may be provided to perform in the zone of location of the flow divider the lower part of the body surface oriented at some acute angle with respect to its longitudinal axis.

The presence in the body of the diffuser and confuser, respectively, allows you to place inside the body flow divider having a cross-sectional area comparable or larger than the typical value for the device body. Thus, the air flow deviates from the horizontal trajectory at a certain acute angle, preferably close to 90 °, which, in turn, affects the amount of kinetic energy of the particles in it due to additional mutual collisions, and, moreover, provides basically, a slight drop in the flow rate, which avoids a significant increase in pressure in the area of its separation, allowing the split flow to move further along the trajectory.

The flow divider can have essentially any shape, since the primary purpose of this invention is its functional purpose. The separator is designed to split a single air flow into components, i.e. the flow is forced to bend around the specified separator, which serves as a deflector. The implementation of the flow divider in the form of glass, oriented open part towards the entrance of the body and coaxially with it placed, allows, in fact, to create an additional air path inside the separator housing, while its base is used as a baffle plate. In the aggregate, such a construction ensures the creation of a turbulent, additionally vortex flow and increases the degree of coagulation in the zone of the inner space of the glass. To remove the coagulant with harmful substances on the side of the side of the glass can be made drain holes. Coagulant trapped in such an opening passes through the bottom of the device and enters the discharge nozzle. Experimentally, the author found that the geometrical dimensions of the glass affect the efficiency of the device. Thus, the cross-sectional area of the glass should be at least a typical cross-sectional area of the case, multiplied by 1.5 (formula 1). This dependence provides, in conjunction with the presence in the body of the diffuser, the formation of a sufficient angle of deviation a from the longitudinal axis of the body. The length of the glass is selected in accordance with the diameter of the air cleaner. Shorter length does not provide sufficient efficiency in the capture and deposition of harmful substances. A large length is not advisable and only leads to an increase in the excess length of the air cleaner body. The form of execution of the glass, in essence, is not fundamental in the framework of the present invention, the detail should at least contain a base (bottom) and one or some number of side faces, for example, the glass can be made in the form of a cylinder, a cube, a prism, a truncated cone or truncated pyramid.

Ensuring the unimpeded movement of the air flow to the outlet of the body, provided that it is divided in the corresponding section, occurs, also, with a ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the body and the cross-sectional area in the flow separator section equal to or greater than one.

The increase in the degree of purification compared with the general case of the device can also occur by increasing the number of flow dividers installed in the housing. Thus, the number of flow separation / collapse cycles increases, which leads to an increase in the percentage of coagulating disperse systems and the removal of a coagulant containing impurities through the corresponding nozzles. The increase in the number of sections containing a flow divider is implemented as follows. Immediately behind the place where the flows collapse, an identical separating unit is placed in the body, and so on until the required number of such units is reached. Each such section of the body, equipped with a flow divider, has its own tail pipe connected to the internal space of the body. In the future, individual nozzles can be connected to form a single channel for draining fluid. In connection with the increase in the number of cleaning stages, it may be necessary to increase the pressure of the fluid supplied to the nozzles.

Additional purification of the air flow from the remaining minor impurities, as well as its additional drainage, can be carried out using an impeller installed inside the device. A coagulant falling on the blades of the impeller, including harmful impurities, will be deflected by its centrifugal force to its outer radius, subsequently falling on the inside of the housing wall, which has a diameter larger than the typical diameter of the housing. From the wall of the housing coagulant can be discharged through a pipe similar to that used in the section containing the flow divider. The angle of attack of the impeller blades should, on the one hand, effectively capture the coagulant, and on the other hand, should not hinder the advancement of the air flow. The author in the process of creating an invention has established that an angle of attack of less than 15 ° significantly delays the air flow on his way to the hull exit, and exceeding an angle of 30 ° does not have a significant effect in trapping the coagulant.

As an alternative to the impeller described above, a sludge trap similar to that described in the patent number 2418171 can be used, providing an additional step of cleaning the mixture.

In accordance with one of the special cases of the invention, the back wall of the air paths can be made with a break. In this case, the back wall is the part of the device body that forms the opposing paths behind the flow divider. It has been established that in the absence of the indicated breaks, the mixture can accumulate on the rear wall of the body and continue further movement without participating in the collision of air currents, thus reducing the efficiency of the device. Performing a double kink paths allows you to redirect the mixture from the rear wall of the exhaust pipe (located closer to the exit of the housing) to the front, for the flow of coagulant into the discharge pipe.

In the framework of the present group of inventions, a method of wet air purification is proposed, on which the operation of the air purification device disclosed above is based. An analogue for the proposed method can also serve as a device according to patent for invention No. 2418171. It was noted that the method implemented in this device does not provide sufficiently high-quality cleaning and dehumidification of the air flow. Thus, a technical problem that is overcome by the method created is the development of a method that allows for effective combined multistage cleaning and drying of polluted air flow.

In the general case of implementation, the technical problem is solved as follows. The method of wet air purification includes the flow of polluted air flow into the housing through the inlet, preliminary wet cleaning with a irrigating cone of linearly arranged ejecting nozzles, and removing impurities through the discharge nozzle, characterized in that the pre-cleaned air flow is converted into a tubular stream of a tape type before removing the impurities, and collapsing a pre-cleaned air stream into a stream with a continuous cross section.

The technical solution has a number of common features with the closest analogue, namely: the flow of polluted air flow through the inlet of the housing, preliminary wet cleaning of linearly arranged ejecting nozzles with a irrigation cone, removal of impurities through the discharge nozzle.

In the general case of implementation, the proposed method differs from the closest analogue in that, additionally, before removing impurities, the pre-cleaned air stream is converted into a pipe-like tape-type stream and the subsequent flow collapses into a stream with a continuous cross section.

The technical problem in the first particular case of implementing the method of wet cleaning an air stream is additionally solved by the fact that the cycle of converting the air stream into a tubular stream of a ribbon type and collapsing the previously cleaned air stream into a stream with a continuous cross section is carried out at least twice.

The technical problem in the second particular case of implementing the method of wet cleaning the air flow is additionally solved by the fact that the stream is cleaned up with a continuous cross section by running it through the impeller located in the expanded part of the body between the flow converter unit and the outlet.

The method allows to carry out a multi-stage combined cleaning of high-quality air flow, including by pre-cleaning the polluted air stream that has entered the case with linearly installed ejecting nozzles. Preferably, when implementing the method, an array of three consecutive ejecting nozzles is provided. However, the proposed method allows to solve a technical problem when using in the array of two, or four or more ejecting nozzles. It was established experimentally that the use of a single ejecting nozzle, combining the functions of a sprinkler and a thrusting agent, does not solve the indicated technical problem, since the thrust created by it does not allow the particles constituting the flow to provide enough energy for effective coagulation. The use of a larger number of nozzles (four, five or more) to some extent contributes to an increase in the intensity of coagulation, however, it will significantly increase energy costs. Thus, the method involves the use of nozzles in the amount of n, provided that n> 1. The aerosol torch formed by the nozzles, which has a triangular shape in longitudinal section, mixes with the incoming air flow and carries it in the direction of ejection. At the same time, coagulation of the solid (impurity component of the air flow) and the liquid phase occurs with a portion of the formed coagulant precipitates onto the lower inner surface of the housing. The precipitated coagulant under the action of the flow caused by ejection, enters the discharge pipe and then through the pipeline for disposal. Part of the coagulant, having in its composition harmful impurity elements, along with the rest of the flow goes to the separation element, which, in fact, performs the functions of the deflector, deflecting the flow of the dust-water mixture at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing. As a result of the deviation, several air paths are formed, i.e. paths of flow around the separator. After separation, reverse flow conversion is performed. The essence of the inverse transformation is the collision of separated streams and obtaining a single stream with a continuous cross section. The result of the arranged collision is, among other things, the emergence of a zone of intense coagulation with the formation of dispersed systems that precipitate as sludge onto the lower part of the inner surface of the body and then enter the discharge nozzle together with the coagulant formed during the pre-cleaning stage. In parallel with the process of coagulation in the zone of collision of the streams, the air stream is dried out by reducing the drift removal and keeping the liquid droplets in the coagulation zone.

To ensure a more refined airflow, the separation / collapse cycle is repeated many times, thus allowing a high percentage of coagulation to be reached for the harmful impurities contained in the airflow being cleaned.

The third stage of cleaning, in accordance with the present invention, is a feature described in the third particular case of the method of wet air cleaning. The implementation of the sign provides for the passage of the air flow through the impeller, driven by the specified flow. Under the action of inertial forces, liquid droplets containing, for the most part, harmful impurities absorbed when mixed with the air flow, move along the blades of the impeller towards its outer radius, then falling on the walls of the housing, from where they enter the discharge nozzle.

The proposed invention is illustrated by drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed device for wet air cleaning in general. FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of a cleaner with a conical structure of a flow divider and an additionally installed sludge separator. FIG. 3 shows a sketch of an air purification device with a flow divider made in the form of a glass. FIG. Figures 4-6 show the cross-sections A-A, B-B and B-B, respectively. FIG. 7 contains a device for air purification with a flow divider in the form of a glass and additionally installed impeller. FIG. 8 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a cleaner containing several successively installed flow dividers. FIG. 9 depicts a cleaner, in which diverting nozzles are used as a flow divider and a sludge separator is additionally installed.

In the figures, the numbers denote the following positions:

1. Housing

2. Login

3. Exit

4. Nozzles

5. Inlet connections

6. Flow separator

7. Air tract

8. Discharge pipe

9. Sludge separator

10. Fender baffle

11. Impeller

The proposed device for wet air cleaning in one of the versions includes a cylindrical body 1 with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3, see FIG. 1. In the housing 1, three ejecting nozzles 4 are sequentially placed, connected by their inputs to the inlets 6. The linear sequence of nozzles 4 forms an array of nozzles. The nozzles of the nozzles 4 face the outlet 3 of the housing 1. The nozzles 4 are located on the same line passing coaxially to the axial housing 1. Between the array of nozzles 4 and outlet 3, a flow divider 6 is installed, forming tracts 7, a discharge pipe 8 located under the flow divider. FIG. 2, the device of FIG. 1 is supplemented with a sludge separator 9, made in the form of a package of thin plates, installed in increments of 5 millimeters horizontally along the housing 1, as well as a modified housing design, as shown in FIG. five.

The flow divider 6 is made in the form of a cone, as shown in FIG. one; A variant of the separator can be a glass (Fig. 3, 7, 8), as well as a three-way flow divider (Fig. 9). In the first exemplary embodiment, the flow divider, in fact, performs the function of the deflector, deflecting a single stream from the horizontal axis, forming, with a longitudinal section of the housing 1, air paths 7 interlocking directly behind the separator. As can be seen from FIG. 2, 5, the cross-sectional shape of the body may have the shape of a quadrilateral. The following exemplary embodiment illustrates the use of a glass oriented with an open part to the entrance of the body as a flow separator. With this implementation, a single stream of air passing through the flow divider is partially deflected by the separator body, and partially enters the inner space of the glass, creating additional flow turbulence. In the third example of implementation, the separation of the flow is achieved by performing in the device case two outlets to which the dust-air mass enters, reflected from the baffle partition 11 installed along the air flow. The discharge pipe 8, in this case, is located directly under the baffle wall 11 and is able to receive coagulant coming from both sides of the flow divider. The baffle plate 11 is extended deep into the outlet pipe 8 to prevent ingress of the dust-air stream, bypassing the separator 6.

An embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 7 further comprises an impeller 11 located between the flow transducer 6 and the outlet 3 of the housing 1, and driven by the oncoming air flow. The impeller blades are mounted on a sleeve mounted on a shaft in radial bearings. The angle of attack of the impeller blades is 15 °. The impeller is installed in the expanded part of the housing. The invention provides for the use of various combinations of impeller flow dividers and / or sludge separator.

For finer cleaning of highly polluted airflow, a version of the device is used by sequentially located flow dividers 6, in the amount of n. Directly separators can be performed according to the scheme proposed in FIG. 1, 3 or 9, or their combination.

The proposed device for wet air cleaning works as follows. In the housing 1 of the device for wet cleaning of the air flow through the inlet 2 enters contaminated air flow. Liquid under high pressure through the inlet nozzles 5 is fed to the nozzles 6 through separate channels, forming a flow of liquid with a longitudinal-rotational movement in the direction of the nozzle nozzle 6. When the liquid exits the nozzle nozzle with high speed and kinetic energy a dispersed liquid is formed, which ejects polluted air into device case 1 through inlet 2.

At the same time, polluted air that has entered through inlet 2 of housing 1 is sprayed with a liquid torch, while liquid droplets catch large solid particles and absorb the gas components of air pollutants. A part of the coagulant is precipitated onto the lower part of the device body 1 and is carried away in the direction of the outlet nozzle 8. The rest of the dust and air flow rushes towards the exit 3 of the body 1. Upon reaching the separator, the single flow diverges into several paths 7, limited by the separator itself, on the one hand , and the inner surface of the housing wall, on the other. After passing through the separator, the paths are deflected to the central axis of the body where they collide.

Subsequently, the duct-and-droplet flow moves between the plates of the sludge-separator 9, thus a “wall effect” is realized, as a result of which liquid droplets with entrained solid particles and absorbed and dissolved gaseous components of the hazards are retained on the surfaces of the sludge-separator 9. At the same time, the as-yet-caught particles and other components Harm also linger on the wetted surfaces of the sludge separator 9, increasing the efficiency of air purification. The liquid with the captured hazards (sludge) flows down along the surfaces of the sludge separator 9 and enters the discharge nozzle 8. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, impeller is used. In this case, a dust and air flow drives the impeller, putting pressure on its blades. The blades, in turn, trap liquid drops with absorbed particles, and the rotation of the impeller and the centrifugal force deflect the drops to the periphery of the body. Drops subsequently fall on the inside of the enlarged part of the device. The invention may provide for the supply of the part of the housing in which the impeller is installed, with an additional outlet pipe for utilization of liquid droplets flowing into the lower part of the device housing.

The flow of purified air through the outlet 3 of the housing 1 of the air cleaner enters the external air environment.

The proposed device can be manufactured using known technologies for processing materials and mechanical engineering used in the manufacture of air cleaners and liquid nozzles. The proposed method and device can be used to clean the air from industrial pollution, in particular, to clean the air from fine dust in places of work and the movement of people who use the known devices and methods of wet air cleaning.

Claims (22)

1. Device for wet air purification, comprising, essentially, an elongated hollow body with inlet and outlet, inlet nozzles, ejecting nozzles, linearly mounted inside the case, connected by their inlets to the inlet nozzles, facing with nozzles to the outlet of the case, and outlet nozzle, different the fact that the hollow body is provided with a flow divider located between the ejecting nozzles and the outlet forming air paths in the longitudinal sectional plane extending at an acute or right angle to the longitudinal axis of the core the paths are closed behind the flow divider at a substantially right or acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the outlet is communicated with at least one of them. 2. A device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that the body is made, mainly, tubular shape. 3. A device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that the casing has a variable cross section. 4. A device for wet air cleaning under item 3, characterized in that the housing is equipped with a diffuser and confuser, located in front of and behind the flow divider, respectively. 5. A device for wet air cleaning under item 4, characterized in that the flow divider is made in the form of a glass, oriented open part to the inlet of the body, located coaxially with the device. 6. A device for wet air cleaning under item 5, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the glass S _b is determined by the dependence:

where S _h - the cross-sectional area of the housing directly in front of the flow divider, and the length of the glass L _b along the longitudinal axis is determined by the dependence:

where D _h - case diameter. 7. A device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area S _{ch of} each air path is determined by the formula:

where S _h is the cross-sectional area of the housing directly in front of the flow divider, an is the number of air paths formed by the flow divider. 8. A device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that the casing contains at least two successive flow dividers, and the air paths are closed behind each such flow divider. 9. A device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that the housing includes an impeller installed between the flow divider and the outlet of the housing, wherein the cross-sectional area of the housing at the installation site of the impeller is larger than the typical cross-sectional area of the housing. 10. A device for wet air cleaning under item 9, characterized in that the impeller is driven by the oncoming air flow and has an angle of attack of the blades in the range of 15 ÷ 30 °. 11. The device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that a drip trap located between the flow divider and the outlet of the housing is additionally installed in the housing. 12. The device for wet air cleaning under item 1, characterized in that the rear section of the air paths is made with a double break 30 ÷ 50 °. 13. A device for wet air purification according to claim 12, characterized in that one of the air paths contains a baffle wall installed perpendicular to the direction of movement of the air flow, under which the discharge pipe is located. 14. The method of wet air cleaning, including the flow of polluted air flow into the housing through the inlet, pre-wet cleaning with a irrigating cone of linearly located ejector nozzles, converting a pre-cleaned air flow into a tubular ribbon-like flow, collapsing a pre-cleaned air flow into a stream with a continuous cross section and removal of impurities through the discharge pipe. 15. The method of wet air purification according to claim 14, characterized in that the cycle of converting the air flow into a tubular ribbon-like stream and collapsing the previously cleaned air stream into a stream with a continuous cross section is carried out at least two times. 16. The method of wet air cleaning under item 14, characterized in that the purification of the stream is performed with a continuous cross-section running it through the impeller, located in the expanded part of the housing between the flow divider and the outlet.

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