RU2684007C2 - Agglomerate cooler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cooling.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an agglomerate countercurrent cooler and an agglomerate cooling method in such an agglomerate cooler. Cooler (1, 1b–1e) comprises round annular shaft (2, 2a) for receiving agglomerate (100), which contains at least one upper loading hole (5) and at least one lower discharge hole (6). In lower part (2.1), shaft (2, 2a) is divided into compartments (7, 7a), which are located tangentially at distance from each other. Each compartment (7, 7a) has at least one side wall (8) with radial inlet guide vanes (9) passing radially, for supply of cooling gas to shaft (2, 2a). Upper part of the shaft is covered with an air-tight cap, which is connected to the gas suction device. At that, agglomerate cooler (1, 1b–1e) is configured to load agglomerate (100) through loading opening (5) and move downwards through compartments (7, 7a) to unloading opening (6), wherein cooling gas is sucked through radial input guides blades (9) and upwards through shaft (2, 2a).

EFFECT: invention ensures highly homogeneous air flow without excessive abrasive wear.

13 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Technical field

This invention relates to an agglomerate cooler for countercurrent operation and to a method for cooling agglomerate.

State of the art

Agglomeration machines are usually used to agglomerate small particles through a sintering process, during which a porous mass is usually formed from the particles, while maintaining, for the most part, the chemical properties of the particles. The product of the sintering process, agglomerate, can be used in the subsequent process. For example, in the production of steel, sinter is usually obtained from iron ore and other particles, which are subsequently used in a blast furnace. After the sintering process, the agglomerate, which initially has a temperature of about 600 ° C-700 ° C, is cooled to a moderate temperature, for example, 100 ° C in an agglomerate cooler.

In a conventional type agglomerate cooler, hot agglomerate is fed into the shaft by gravity through an upper feed opening. At the lower end of the shaft, the agglomerate can be removed, for example, using a scraper through the discharge opening. While the agglomerate falls in the mine, cooling gas (usually air) is sent through it, so that the agglomerate is cooled and the gas is heated. Heated gas can be used to recover heat, for example, to recycle in an agglomeration machine and / or to produce steam that can drive a generator.

In addition to counterflow coolers of a mine type, in which the cooling gas mainly flows horizontally, it is also known to use counterflow coolers in which the main movement of the cooling gas occurs vertically upward through the agglomerate, while the agglomerate moves downward. Such chillers provide highly efficient heat transfer between the sinter and gas. Gas is supplied to the lower part of the shaft and sucked up to the upper part of the shaft, from which it is directed to heat recovery means. A conventional type agglomerate cooler comprises a round shaft into which the agglomerate enters and in which it is cooled. A loading device, such as a chute, is placed in one place above the shaft, while the shaft itself is rotatably mounted. During operation, the mine is rotated, so that with the help of a loading device, the sinter is sequentially loaded into different parts of the mine. Entrance air guide vanes are located tangentially in the lower part of the inner and outer walls of the shaft. An airtight hood is located at the top of the shaft and is connected to a fan for suctioning air or the like.

In particular, when it is necessary to install a new sinter cooler in an existing sinter plant, the main goal is to minimize the area occupied by the cooler, since there is usually quite limited space in this area. Since long downtime of the sinter plant is not economically feasible, the existing sinter cooler should usually remain in operation during the installation of a new sinter cooler.

Despite the fact that the area occupied by the cooler is reduced, the required air flow rate must remain unchanged, since it is the requirement of the cooling process, determined by the amount of sinter to be cooled, that determines the specific ratio of the amount of air to the amount of sinter (y tons of air / z tons of sinter). If air at a given flow rate is directed through a smaller cooler, then the air speed increases. This leads to problems, since the pressure drop in the sinter layer increases in proportion to the increase in air velocity. On the other hand, the operating costs for an agglomerate cooler are largely dependent on the pressure drop in the sinter layer, since the pressure drop is proportional to the energy consumption of the suction fan. Therefore, in order to avoid an increase in operating costs due to the small footprint, the air velocity through the agglomerate layer and thus the pressure drop should be kept as low as possible.

One option to achieve this is to increase the horizontal cross section of the shaft. This is done by reducing the diameter of the inner wall of the shaft, i.e. the mine becomes wider while maintaining its outer diameter. Although air velocity, and therefore differential pressure, is usually reduced by this measure, air distribution becomes a critical problem. In a conventional cooler of the type described, inlet air guide vanes are integrated in the lower part of the inner and outer walls of the shaft, i.e. where cooling air enters the mine. It can be assumed that in a narrow shaft (up to 1 m wide) after the inlet section of a certain length, for example, 1 m, air is distributed evenly over the entire cross section of the shaft. In a wide shaft (for example, 1.5 m or more wide), such uniform mixing is achieved over a much longer gap, since the distance from the inlet air guide vanes to the center of the shaft is greater, and there are certain boundary effects (e.g. preferred flow along the walls of the shaft ) However, an uneven distribution of cooling air leads to worse cooling, i.e. the agglomerate does not cool efficiently and / or the air does not heat up optimally.

To solve this problem, it is proposed to provide air channels located radially in the lower part of the shaft and connected to additional tangential inlet guide vanes in a central position between the inner and outer walls. Although such devices contribute to improving the supply of cooling air to the interior of the mine, additional elements are relatively complex, and moreover, they are subjected to high friction forces and have a limited service life. The reason for this is that the mine, as a rule, tapers down, which leads to an increase in the agglomerate velocity in the lower part.

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide an agglomerate cooler in which a high uniformity of air flow is achieved while excessive abrasion is avoided. This goal is achieved by means of an agglomerate cooler according to claim 1 and through a method according to claim 12.

Description of the invention The invention provides an agglomerate cooler for countercurrent operation. Countercurrent operation means that the cooling gas, usually air, mainly flows against the movement of the cooled agglomerate. This may, however, include small areas in which air flows at an angle or perpendicular to the movement of the agglomerate. As explained above, such an agglomerate cooler is part of a combined agglomeration plant and is used to cool a hot agglomerate from high temperatures to low or at least moderate temperatures. Although hereinafter mainly referred to as "air", "air flow", it should be understood that other gases can be used, and they fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The cooler contains a round shaft for receiving sinter, containing at least one upper loading hole and at least one lower discharge opening. The mine is round, i.e. in general, it has a ring shape (ring-shaped) and is at least approximately symmetrical about the axis. The shape may not correspond to the shape of an ideal ring, but may correspond to the shape of a ring with polygonal sections, which can also be considered “round” in this context. The round shape of the shaft and the above axis define the radial and tangential directions, which are mentioned below. Typically, the shaft is mounted rotatably, with one part of the shaft placed at the loading device, which is fed from the sintering machine. Using a loading device, the agglomerate is fed into one part of the shaft, and the shaft is continuously or periodically rotated about its axis of symmetry, providing loading of the agglomerate in all parts. The hot agglomerate is charged through at least one loading opening, and the cooled agglomerate is removed (or it simply falls out) from the discharge opening. As described above, the top of the shaft may be covered with an airtight cap that is connected to an air suction device. In general, the cooler is adapted to create negative pressure in the upper part of the shaft or above it.

In accordance with the invention, in the lower part of the shaft is divided into compartments that are located tangentially at a distance from each other. Tangentially means in the tangential direction, determined by the circular shape of the shaft. While the shaft in the upper part, near the loading opening, preferably has a single, continuous structure along the tangential direction (i.e., in the circumference), the lower part is divided into compartments. In other words, the shaft branches downward into branches that are spaced apart from each other along a tangential direction. Thus, the shaft shape is not continuous at the bottom, but the shaft shape as a whole remains round. The cross section of the compartments may be, for example, round, polygonal or other.

Each compartment has at least one wall with radial inlet guide vanes that extend radially to supply cooling air to the shaft. Because the compartments are spaced apart, each compartment is bounded by side walls. The radial inlet guide vanes are mounted on at least one such side wall. Of course, usually the blades are arranged so that the agglomerate does not fall between the guide vanes under the action of gravity, i.e. they direct the agglomerate so that it does not go beyond the compartment. The guide vanes extend radially and are preferably arranged radially. However, they can also have, for example, a curved shape that does not fully correspond to the radial direction, or they can be tilted relative to the radial direction. In any case, one end of each blade is located radially outside of the other end.

The agglomerate cooler is designed so that during operation the agglomerate is loaded through the loading hole, and it moves down through the compartments to the discharge hole, while the cooling air is sucked in through the radial inlet guide vanes and upward through the shaft. That is, the agglomerate moving under the influence of gravity passes through the compartments, in connection with which the agglomerate is distributed between different compartments. Radial inlet guide vanes allow directing the air flow into the agglomerate from a more or less tangential direction. Moreover, this air flow can directly affect the radially extending separation region and the agglomerate inside it. While in the previous trips only tangentially located inlet guide vanes are used, which leads to a radially inhomogeneous air flow, the technical solution according to the invention leads to a significant improvement in uniformity. Compared with the design, which is based on additional air channels in the lower part, the technical solution according to the invention is less complicated and abrasive wear can be minimized.

To provide a wide cooling air inlet area, preferably the radial inlet guide vanes extend over more than 50% of the radial width of the compartment. In such an embodiment, the side wall of the compartment is open for air intake to a large part of the compartment, which makes the air flow very uniform in the radial direction. It is also permissible that the radial inlet guide vanes extend over the entire radial width.

Since the compartments are located at a distance from each other, there is a space between adjacent compartments from which cooling air is sucked into separate compartments. Cooling air may enter this space, for example, from a radially internal and / or external direction. In one embodiment, entry to this space is provided from the bottom, so that cooling air can enter the space from below. In fact, there is absolutely no need to provide a bottom plate or the like between the compartments, i.e. the space between them can be completely open from the bottom, since the agglomerate moving under the influence of gravity cannot enter the space from below.

In some embodiments, especially when the tangential width of the individual compartments is relatively large, the idea of the invention can be improved in that each compartment contains at least one side wall with tangential inlet guide vanes extending tangentially. Such tangential inlet guide vanes, which are known in the art, can be located on the (radially) inner wall and / or outer wall of the compartment. The tangential guide vanes are preferably located in the tangential direction, but may also have, for example, a curved shape that does not fully correspond to the tangential direction, or they may be inclined relative to the tangential direction. Preferably, they extend more than 50%, more than 70%, more than 90%, or even the entire tangential width of the compartment. It should be noted that if the radial and tangential guide vanes extend over the entire width of the compartment, these vanes can be connected or even can be made of one part. In this case, it can be a kind of “circumferential” blades that form tangential and radial blades.

In a typical embodiment of the invention, the radial width of the shaft decreases downward. In other words, the walls of the shaft are tilted inward. In this embodiment, which corresponds to the typical design of the cooler already described above, the speed of the falling sinter increases to the bottom, which increases the risk of abrasion of equipment parts. In this case, the idea of the invention provides a particular advantage, since the invention eliminates the need for additional air channels or the like in the lower part of the shaft.

In addition, preferably, the tangential width of each compartment decreases downward. In other words, the corresponding side walls of the compartment are beveled inward. This, on the other hand, means that the width of the space between adjacent compartments increases downward and is relatively small at the top. Thus, the side walls of two adjacent compartments form a roof-shaped structure to some extent, which contributes to a smooth deflection of the agglomerate, which descends into separate compartments from above.

Depending on the design of the mine, cooling air may still tend to move along the inner and outer walls, resulting in an inhomogeneous airflow. One way of eliminating this is to provide at least one profile forming means, which is designed to form a radially concave upper profile of the agglomerate. In other words, the height of this profile in the radial direction is greater at the inner and outer walls than between them. Simply put, the outward path of the agglomerate layer is shortened in the central part of the shaft, and this means that the cooling air will tend to move to the center and away from the side walls. Such a profile forming agent may be a scraper that acts on the agglomerate from above. In this regard, the rotation of the shaft can be used so that the profile-forming tool remains stationary and works like a plow that forms a “furrow” in an agglomerate.

In this regard, it is particularly preferred when the profile forming means is adjustable. For example, you can adjust the vertical position of the forming means, or even you can change the profile of the forming means itself. Typically, such regulation can be performed during a period of temporary downtime of the installation, but it is also possible to provide drive means to carry out regulation during operation.

As is well known, the agglomerate entering the cooler consists of particles of various sizes. It is also known that smaller particles can be packed more densely, leaving less air space between them. Thus, an area with larger particles leaves more space for air to pass through it and is the preferred path for cooling air. This effect is used in another embodiment of the invention, in which at least one distribution means is provided, which is intended to charge the agglomerate mainly at the radially inner wall and the radially outer wall of the shaft. In these areas, the agglomerate will accumulate in excess and slide down. Moreover, larger particles will roll further than smaller particles and accumulate in the central region between the inner and outer side surfaces. Thus, a kind of “size gradient” arises in the agglomerate layer, where the smallest particles are located at the inner and outer walls, and the largest particles are in the center. Therefore, the cooling air will preferably move from the side walls and through the center. It should be noted that a similar effect can be created by the aforementioned profile forming means, for example, if the forming means initially creates a profile that exceeds the angle of repose of the sinter, which causes the particles to move down the slope.

Airflow in the central area of the shaft can also be intensified. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, at least one ventilation system is located in the upper part of the shaft so that during operation it is embedded in the sinter, while the ventilation system is designed for local intake of air into the shaft. The ventilation system is located in the upper part of the shaft, where the speed of the falling sinter is not as high as in the lower part, which is why abrasive wear is much lower. Unlike traditional means of suction, which are installed outside the shaft and above the sinter layer, the ventilation system is located so that during normal operation of the cooler, it is embedded in the sinter. The ventilation system may include at least one air duct with at least one opening. The hole is usually located in the (radially) central area of the shaft. If the ventilation system is designed to suck air into the shaft, provide an additional source of cooling air in the Central region. The cooling efficiency is improved.

Another option to improve the contact between the sinter and cooling air is to reorient the sinter so that it moves along the air flow path, even if the air flow is mainly present near the walls of the shaft. This can be achieved using a central deflecting element located in the shaft and designed to deflect the agglomerate from the radially central region of the shaft radially inward and outward. This deflecting element may be a beam of circular cross section, located around the circumference in the shaft. Alternatively, the deflecting elements may be located lower in the compartments. In any case, the deflecting elements may have inclined upper surfaces that form a roof-like structure for optimal deflection of the agglomerate. It should be noted that the lower edge of the deflecting element may be higher than the lower edge of the compartment, i.e. the deflecting element does not necessarily reach the edge of the compartment. A significant increase in countercurrent efficiency can be achieved if the sinter stream is separated by a deflecting element, changes direction towards the walls of the shaft and flows in a single stream below the deflecting element.

The present invention also provides a method for cooling agglomerate in a cooling element with a circular shaft for receiving agglomerate, wherein the shaft has at least one upper loading opening and at least one lower discharge opening; in the lower part of the shaft is divided into many compartments, which are located tangentially at a distance from each other, and each compartment has at least one side wall with radial inlet guide vanes that extend radially to supply air into the shaft. The method includes loading the sinter through the feed opening, moving the sinter down through the compartments to the discharge opening, and drawing in cooling air through the radial inlet guide vanes and up through the shaft.

Preferred embodiments of the process of the invention correspond to those of the sinter cooler of the invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The following describes preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shaft for an agglomerate cooler according to a first embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an agglomerate cooler with the shaft shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a shaft for an agglomerate cooler in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an agglomerate cooler according to a third embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of an agglomerate cooler according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of an agglomerate cooler according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;

in FIG. 7 is a sectional side view of an agglomerate cooler according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.

Description of preferred embodiments

In FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a shaft 2 for a cooler 1 of an agglomerate according to the invention. The shaft 2 has a generally round or annular shape with an inner wall 3 and an outer wall 4. The shaft 2 has a top loading hole 5 that extends circumferentially between the upper edges of the inner and outer walls 3, 4. A part of the outer wall 4 is removed in FIG. 1 to demonstrate the interior of the shaft 2. In the lower part 2.1, the shaft 2 branches into compartments 7, each of which contains a discharge opening 6 at the lower end. During operation, the agglomerate 100 is loaded through the loading hole 5 into the shaft 2, it falls under the action of gravity and moves through the compartment 7 into the corresponding discharge hole 6. The rotation of the shaft 2 relative to the axis of symmetry allows for a uniform distribution of the agglomerate 100.

As you can see, each compartment 7 is bounded by radially spaced side walls 8 that face adjacent compartments 7. The side walls 8 of adjacent compartments 7 are tilted inward so that they form a roof-like structure. Radial inlet guide vanes 9 are located on each side wall 8. They extend approximately 80% of the radial width of compartment 7. When working on the upper part 2.2, the shafts create negative pressure, whereby air is sucked in through the inlet guide vanes 9 and upward through compartments 7 and the top of the 2.2 mine. Thus, the air moves in countercurrent with respect to the falling agglomerate 100. In the embodiment shown, the tangential walls 10 of the compartments 7 are completely closed and are not provided with inlet guide vanes. It was found that the provision of radial blades 9 in conjunction with the separation of the shaft 2 into several compartments 7 allows for a sufficiently uniform air flow, which leads to efficient cooling of the agglomerate 100. In the embodiment shown, the shaft 2 is divided into twelve compartments 7; this amount, of course, can be different, in particular, significantly larger, such as up to 20 or up to 50. In the embodiment shown, an entrance 12 is provided from the lower side to the space 11 between adjacent compartments, as well as a radially-internal and radially-external inputs 13. These inputs 12, 13 can also form a single input. However, it should be noted that the design also works if the input 12 is from the lower side or at least one of the internal and external input 13 is absent.

In FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a portion of a cooler 1 of an agglomerate with a shaft 2 shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen more clearly from this drawing, the radial width of the shaft 2 decreases downward. For structural stability, the inner wall 3 of the shaft is connected to the supporting structure 14 and two walls 3, 4 of the shaft are connected by means of three horizontally arranged connecting beams 15. During operation, the loading device (not shown) of the sinter plant is located above the loading hole of the shaft 2, and with its help shaft 2 is discharged by agglomerate 100, where it falls under the action of gravity, as previously described. An airtight cap that is connected to the air intake system is located above the upper part 2.2 of the shaft 2. However, these elements are not shown in FIG. 2. The shaft is mounted on a rotating platform 16, which rotates slowly on a circular tracked conveyor so that the stationary loading device is sequentially placed over the various sections of the shaft 2. In the lower discharge opening 6, a stationary excavation device 17 is provided which helps to remove the cooled agglomerate 100 from the shaft 2. As can be seen from a more detailed view, each compartment includes four input guide vanes 9 on each side, which extend approximately radially 80% of the width of the compartment 7. Of course, all this is presented only as an example, and you can also use more or less number of blades 9, which have a greater or lesser extent.

In FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of a shaft 2a according to the invention. It closely resembles mine 2 shown in FIG. 1 and 2, and also includes compartments 7a with radial inlet guide vanes 9. However, it further includes tangential inlet guide vanes 18 located in each compartment. In this embodiment, the radial and tangential inlet guide vanes 9, 18 extend approximately 80% of the corresponding width of the compartment 7a. However, it is quite possible to provide them over the entire width so that they practically form circumferential inlet guide vanes made of one part. The provision of tangential inlet guide vanes 18 increases the area of air intake and, therefore, helps to reduce the air flow rate at the intake. Moreover, the uniformity of the air flow can also be improved, in particular in the lower part of the shaft 2A with compartments 7a.

In FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an agglomerate cooler 1b in accordance with a third embodiment. In this embodiment, the shaft 2a shown in FIG. 3, which contains internal and external tangential inlet guide vanes 18. To further improve counterflow efficiency, even if air tends to move along the side walls 3a, 4a of the shaft 2a, the deflecting beam 19 can be located in a circle in the (radially) central region of the shaft 2a. The deflecting beam 19 is located in the middle or lower part of the shaft 2A, but slightly above the tangential inlet guide vanes 18, for example, directly above the compartments 7a. Alternatively, deflecting beams may be installed in each compartment 7a. As seen in FIG. 4, the deflecting beam 19 does not extend all the way down the shaft 2a, i.e. does not completely separate the bottom. Its function is rather to divide the falling agglomerate 100 into two streams (shown by bold black arrows), which are forced to flow closer to the inner and outer walls, where they meet upward air (shown by bold white arrows). At any point below the deflectable beam 19, the two streams may be connected again.

In FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of an agglomerate cooler 1 according to a fourth embodiment, which also uses the shaft 2a of FIG. 3. In this case, the agglomerate 100 is not loaded uniformly along the radial direction, but is preferably loaded near the inner and outer side walls 3a, 4a. This is easily achieved using a roof-shaped distribution element 21, which is placed at the end of an inclined trough (not shown) of the loading device. Agglomerate 100 accumulates and begins to slide or slide down toward the middle 20 of shaft 2a. This process leads to a certain degree of separation by size, since larger particles usually move farther than smaller particles. However, larger particles leave more space for air to pass between them, and therefore the middle 20 of the shaft 2a is the preferred flow path. Therefore, cooling air (shown by bold white arrows) is directed away from the side walls 3a, 4a to the middle 20 of the shaft 2a.

In FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an agglomerate cooler 1d in accordance with a fifth embodiment. In this embodiment, the agglomerate 100 is distributed over the entire radial width of the shaft 2a, but the scraper 22 acts on the top layer of the agglomerate 100, creating a concave profile. The scraper 22 is stationary and works like a plow as the shaft 2a rotates. A concave profile means that the total height of the agglomerate layer in the middle of the shaft is less than that of the inner and outer walls 3a, 4a. Also, the distance from the tangential inlet guide vanes 18 to the center of the concave profile is reduced relative to the distance to the inner and outer edges of the profile. Thus, the cooling air (shown by bold white arrows) is at least partially redirected from the walls 3a, 4a to the middle of the shaft 2a. It should be noted that the size separation effect described in the fourth embodiment can also, to some extent, occur in the present embodiment. On the other hand, it should be noted that in the fourth embodiment, a concave profile is also formed.

In FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of an agglomerate cooler 1e in accordance with a sixth embodiment. In this case, the ventilation system is installed in the connecting beam 15 in the central or upper area of the shaft. The ventilation system includes an air channel (not shown), which can be easily made in the beam 15 or attached to it 15, and an outlet 23 for discharging air into the shaft. In the present embodiment, the air channel is simply in communication with the environment, i.e. with atmospheric pressure so that air is sucked into the shaft at the same negative pressure at which air is drawn in through the inlet guide vanes 18. In this way, an additional supply of cooling air is supplied to the upper part of the shaft, which, on the one hand, increases the air flow through the central or the upper part and, in addition, supplies fresh cooling air to this part, while the air rising from the inlet guide vanes 18 is already heated to some extent. Such a central outlet 23 provides additional cooling air for cooling the agglomerate in the central region of the shaft.

In FIG. 7 shows a ventilation system as a means for sucking air into a shaft 2a.

It should be noted that in FIG. 4-7, only tangential inlet guide vanes are visible due to the orientation of the shaft section. Air, of course, is also sucked into the shaft through radial inlet guide vanes, which are not visible in these drawings. The embodiments shown in FIG. 4-7 are also suitable for embodiments without tangential inlet guide vanes, i.e. only with radial inlet guide vanes.

Legend List

1, 1b-1e sinter cooler

2, 2a mine

2.1 bottom

2.2 top

3, 3a inner side wall

4, 4a outer side wall

5 loading hole

6 discharge port

7, 7a compartment

8 radial side wall

9 radial inlet guide vane

10 tangential side wall

11 space

12 downstream entrance

13 entrance

14 support structure

15 connecting beam

16 platform

17 excavation device

18 tangential inlet air guide vane

19 deflection beam

20 mid

22 scraper

23 outlet

100 agglomerate.

Claims (24)

1. Countercurrent cooler of sinter type mine (1, 1b-1e), containing a round annular shaft (2, 2a) for receiving sinter (100), which has a radially inner wall (3, 3a) and a radially outer wall (4, 4a), between which the shaft (2, 2a) contains at least one upper loading opening (5) and at least one lower discharge opening (6), wherein in the lower part (2.1), the shaft (2, 2a) is divided into compartments (7, 7a), which are located tangentially at a distance from each other, and each compartment (7, 7a) has at least one side wall (8) with radial inlet guide vanes (9) extending radially to supply cooling gas to the shaft (2, 2a); the upper part of the shaft is covered with an airtight cap, which is connected to a gas suction device; the agglomerate cooler (1, 1b-1e) is designed so that during operation the agglomerate (100) is loaded through the loading hole (5), and it moves down through the compartments (7, 7a) to the discharge opening (6), while the cooling gas is sucked in through the radial inlet guide vanes (9) and upward through the shaft (2, 2a) using the indicated gas suction device. 2. Agglomerate cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that said shaft (2, 2a) is mounted rotatably around its axis of symmetry. 3. Agglomerate cooler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the radial inlet guide vanes (9) extend over more than 50% of the radial width of the compartment (7, 7a). 4. The sinter cooler according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the space (11) between adjacent compartments (7, 7a) is provided with an entrance (12) from the lower side, so that the cooling gas enters the space (11) from below. 5. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that each compartment (7, 7a) has at least one side wall (10) with tangential inlet guide vanes (18) that extend tangentially. 6. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the radial width of the shaft (2, 2a) decreases downward. 7. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the tangential width of each compartment (7, 7a) decreases downward. 8. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it includes at least one profile forming means (22), which is designed to form a radially concave upper profile of the agglomerate (100). 9. Agglomerate cooler according to claim 8, characterized in that the profile-forming means (22) is adjustable. 10. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it includes at least one distribution means (21), which is designed to load the agglomerate mainly at the radial inner wall (3, 3a) and radial outer wall (4 4a) mines (2, 2a). 11. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one ventilation system (23) is located in the upper part of the shaft (2a) so that during operation it is embedded in the agglomerate (100), said system (23) ventilation is designed to draw air into the shaft (2a). 12. Agglomerate cooler according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it includes a central deflecting element (19) located in the shaft (2a) and designed to deflect the agglomerate (100) from the radially central region of the shaft (2a) radially in and out . 13. A method for cooling agglomerate (100) in a countercurrent cooler of a shaft type agglomerate (1, 1b-1e) containing a circular annular shaft (2, 2a) for receiving agglomerate (100), which has a radially inner wall (3, 3a) and radially outer wall (4, 4a), between which the shaft (2, 2a) contains at least one upper loading hole (5) and at least one lower unloading hole (6), while in the lower part (2.1), the shaft (2, 2a) is divided into compartments (7, 7a), which are located tangentially at a distance from each other, and each compartment (7, 7a) has at least one side wall (8) with radial inlet guide vanes (9) extending radially to supply cooling gas to the shaft (2, 2a), the upper part of the shaft is covered with an airtight cap that is connected to a gas suction device, moreover, the method includes: - loading the agglomerate (100) through the loading hole (5), - moving the sinter (100) down through the compartments (7, 7a) to the discharge opening (6), - suction of the cooling gas through the radial inlet guide vanes (9) and up through the shaft (2, 2a) using the specified gas suction device.

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