RU2659156C1 - Non-self-processing chassis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of transport, in particular to the non-self-propelled chassis. Non-self-propelled chassis contains a spatial frame on the wheels, consisting of interconnected elements from closed and non-closed profiles. Chassis is used as a vehicle for moving equipment.

EFFECT: improvement of the vehicle universality is achieved.

12 cl, 9 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a non-self-propelled wheeled chassis, in particular, for a vehicle designed to accommodate various equipment for both special purpose and general consumption (pumping stations, electric generators, compressors, gas and electric welding machines, other machines and mechanisms) .

BACKGROUND

For the mobility of equipment with relatively small overall dimensions (up to 200 kg), vehicles on a non-self-propelled chassis equipped with wheels are used. At the same time, equipment can be moved manually on an unprepared surface in the conditions of construction sites, rough terrain, etc.

The most common non-self-propelled vehicle chassis for placing equipment, usually gasoline electric and welding generators, is a spatial frame consisting of bent and / or welded closed pipe sections pos. 1.1 of FIG. 1, interconnected by transverse force elements pos. 1.2, on which the main equipment is attached pos. 1.3. The frame is supported by four wheels pos. 1.4 with a diameter of up to 150 mm, at least two of which are rotary. Swivel wheels can be equipped with a locking mechanism to prevent spontaneous movement during operation, storage and transportation by various means of transport.

The main advantages of this chassis are:

1. The rigidity of the frame due to its spatial structure.

2. Compactness.

3. Reliable fixation of the chassis from displacement in the working position when turning on the locks of the swivel wheels.

4. Convenient and reliable control when changing the direction of movement in the process of transporting equipment by a person.

The main disadvantages of this chassis are:

1. The use of small diameter wheels (up to 150 mm) eliminates the comfortable movement of equipment on an unprepared surface by one person.

2. If there are additional elements included in the equipment set (cables, hoses, tools, etc.) for transportation, they must be specially attached to the chassis, which increases the total weight of the equipment, therefore, the load on the wheels, thereby reducing patency on an unprepared surface . Or it is necessary to move additional elements separately, which increases the total transportation time of equipment and its components.

3. Since a spatial frame is used for structural rigidity, there is some constraint inside its volume when servicing equipment items.

Another type of non-self-propelled chassis is a two-wheeled chassis with one or more support legs. The most widespread are in gasoline electric and welding generators, in pumping stations for high-pressure washing. The chassis is a spatial frame consisting of bent and / or welded closed pipe sections pos. 2.1 of FIG. 2, interconnected by transverse force elements pos. 2.2. Also, in addition to the main equipment pos. 2.3, the design contains the necessary functional elements: two handles for holding and transporting manually by a person pos. 2.4, with the possibility of folding, thereby reducing the overall dimensions of the chassis; two fixed wheels (pneumatic, cast) pos. 2.5; two support posts pos. 2.6 for fixing and holding in a horizontal position of the frame pos. 2.1 with equipment.

The main advantages of this chassis are:

1. The rigidity of the frame due to its spatial structure.

2. Compactness.

3. The ability to fold the handles to reduce overall dimensions.

4. The presence of large wheels (with a diameter of more than 200 mm) provides a fairly good cross on an unprepared surface.

5. Reliable fixation of the chassis against displacement in the working position when installing it on the support posts.

6. Convenient and reliable control when changing the direction of movement in the process of transporting equipment by a person.

The main disadvantages of this chassis are:

1. Since part of the weight of the transported equipment is transferred to a person, with a relatively large weight of the equipment (more than 80 kg) it is impossible to comfortably transport it over relatively large distances, especially on an unprepared surface.

2. If there are additional elements included in the equipment set (cables, hoses, tools, etc.) for transportation, they must be specially attached to the chassis, and this increases the total weight of the equipment, therefore, the load on a person. Or it is necessary to move additional elements separately, which increases the total transportation time of equipment and its components.

3. Since a spatial frame is used for structural rigidity, there is some constraint when servicing equipment elements within its volume.

Another chassis option is a four-wheeled chassis, often used in pumping stations for high-pressure cleaning and gasoline or diesel generators, also representing a spatial frame consisting of bent and / or welded closed pipe sections pos. 3.1 of FIG. 3, interconnected by transverse force elements pos. 3.2, on which the main equipment pos. 3.3. The design provides for four non-rotating (uncontrolled) wheels (pneumatic or cast) pos. 3.4 and handle pos. 3.5.

The main advantages of this chassis are:

1. The rigidity of the frame due to its spatial structure.

2. Compactness.

3. The presence of large uncontrolled (non-rotating) wheels (with a diameter of more than 200 mm) provides a fairly good passability and maintaining the straightness of movement on an unprepared surface.

4. The weight of the equipment during transportation is distributed evenly on the wheels of the chassis and does not affect a person.

The main disadvantages of this chassis are:

1. The lack of fixation of the wheels (brake device) to prevent displacement of the chassis (equipment in general) located on an uneven surface during operation, during storage and transportation by any means of transport.

2. It is difficult to control when changing the direction of movement due to the uniform distribution of the weight of the equipment on the wheels of the chassis.

3. During transportation during collisions with the front wheel (or wheels) to any obstacle, the entire chassis with equipment may be tipped forward.

4. If there are additional elements included in the equipment set (cables, hoses, tools, etc.) for transportation, they must be laid and additionally attached to the chassis, and this increases the total weight of the equipment, therefore, makes it difficult to control. Or it is necessary to move additional elements separately, which increases the total transportation time of equipment and its components.

5. Since a spatial frame is used for structural rigidity, there is some constraint when servicing equipment elements within its volume.

Thus, the best option for the currently used non-self-propelled chassis for transporting equipment on an unprepared surface, for example, in construction sites, during emergencies and the like, is the closest to the invention on four large-diameter uncontrolled wheels, FIG. 3.

However, when using this chassis, with all its advantages, there are a number of technical difficulties caused by the design of the chassis and the lack or absence of its individual elements, providing general convenience and rationality of use.

Firstly: braking devices are not provided on the chassis with large-diameter wheels, which ensure its immobility on an uneven surface during direct operation, during storage and transportation by other means of transport.

Secondly: it is difficult to control when changing the direction of movement due to the uniform distribution of the weight of the equipment on all wheels of the chassis and their uncontrollability.

Third: in the process of transportation during collisions with the front wheel (or wheels) to any obstacle, the entire chassis with equipment can be tipped forward.

Fourth: in the presence of additional elements (components) included in the equipment set (cables, hoses, tools, etc.) for transportation, they must be laid and additionally attached to the chassis, and this increases the total weight of the equipment, therefore, makes it difficult to control. Or it is necessary to move additional elements separately, which increases the total transportation time of equipment and its components.

Fifth: since a spatial frame is used for structural rigidity, there is some inconvenience associated with the constraint when servicing equipment elements within its volume.

Thus, the aim of the present invention is to provide a non-self-propelled chassis that eliminates the above disadvantages (technical difficulties).

Also, a common feature of the considered options for non-self-propelled chassis may be their use as a universal chassis for functionally different types of equipment, but similar in terms of weight and size characteristics. Thus, another objective of the present invention is the creation of a universal non-self-propelled chassis for vehicles powered by and driven by one person, which is the common running base for various equipment, both for special purposes and for general consumption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main objective of the present invention is the creation of a universal non-self-propelled chassis for vehicles powered by and driven by one person, which is a common base for various equipment for both special purposes and general consumption (pumping stations, electric generators, compressors, gas and electric welding machines, other machines and mechanisms), having increased cross-country ability on an unprepared surface, characterized by a simplified design containing the necessary const hand-held elements ensuring the retention, storage and transportation of both the main and the necessary additional equipment.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes the use of a non-self-propelled chassis of a vehicle containing a main frame, at least three wheels, a brake device and holding devices for storing additional equipment.

The frame is a spatial structure of elements with an open and / or closed profile, consisting of a flat frame and chassis elements with wheels articulated with it and holding devices for fixing additional equipment (hoses, cables, tool box, battery, etc.).

Wheels with a relatively large diameter (at least 200 mm), pneumatic or made of solid material, are used to increase throughput and maintain straightness of movement on an unprepared surface. The front wheels can be swivel with the function of locking from turning for movement in a rectilinear direction and / or on an unprepared surface.

The brake device provides immobility of the chassis on an uneven surface during direct operation, during storage and transportation by any means of transport, is mounted on the elements of the rear chassis.

Design Features:

1. The chassis has a spatial structure formed by the articulation of a flat frame with elements of the chassis and holding devices (brackets, platforms, etc.) for storage and transportation of additional equipment. Such an “open” frame design makes it possible to improve its manufacturability due to the compact stacking (the ability to put into each other) of the frames during the production process not only of the chassis, but also of the equipment as a whole, as well as during storage and / or transportation during the interoperation period.

2. The chassis has the ability to change its shape and / or dimensions, including the base and / or ground clearance of the chassis. Changes may be due to the possibility of mounting and dismounting, changing the size, shape, position of the holding devices, depending on the specific functional use of additional equipment items. For example, lengthening brackets when laying additional volumes (turns) of sleeves and / or cables. Changing the base - the distance between the front and rear axles of the wheels - can be provided in connection with the different dimensions of the main equipment used or to ensure loading and unloading operations in low-floor transport by one person. The clearance - the distance between the surface on which the movement is carried out and the lowest point of the chassis - can be ensured by the selection of the required wheel diameter based on the expected road operating conditions.

3. If at least one side of the supporting flat frame has at least two transverse holding devices (brackets), it is possible to lay on them lengthy equipment - hoses, cables, etc. - with the "eight", without twisting and the formation of "creases". In this case, it is possible to reduce the time for preparation for work by simply pulling off the rings of the sleeves (cables) from the brackets without the threat of twisting and “creases”, only by pulling on their free end.

4. The chassis, depending on changes in its shape and / or size, as well as the location of additional equipment, has the ability to change the location of its center of gravity. The optimal placement of additional equipment on the chassis will provide the necessary comfort both during straight-line transportation of equipment and when changing the direction of movement (when cornering).

5. The height of the rear part and the holding devices located there, having the function of handles, from the surface on which the movement is carried out, allows the equipment to be moved by the application of a pushing force of personnel arising when the center of gravity is shifted forward due to the natural inclination of the body. This action of forces facilitates control and transportation both on a flat and unprepared surface.

6. The common center of gravity of the equipment and the chassis, in particular, is located between the front and rear axles of the wheels, closer to the rear axles, which allows not only rectilinear movement, but also control due to the application of vertical downward force on the handles of the rear of the frame, and also eliminates the possibility of tipping forward when hitting an obstacle with the front wheel (s).

7. The chassis has a predominant reference wheel placement scheme that allows the use of at least three wheels, which can be swivel with a rotation lock function for driving in a straight direction.

8. To fix the chassis against displacement, a brake mechanism of at least one wheel is used.

9. When using the chassis layout with at least two front wheels, it is possible to use any of them as a backup, if necessary replace, in the event of failure (puncture, etc.), on any rear bearing the main load. This is especially true when using pneumatic wheels having a large cross and driving comfort.

10. It is possible to use the chassis as a universal one for vehicles powered by and driven by one person, which is a common base for various equipment for both special purposes and general consumption (pumping stations, electric generators, compressors, gas and electric welding machines, others machines and mechanisms). This reduces not only production and operating costs, but also the cost of the entire equipment life cycle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 - illustration of a common non-self-propelled chassis on swivel and / or non-swivel wheels of small diameter, where 1.1 - bent and / or welded closed sections of the pipes of the spatial frame; 1.2 - transverse power elements of the spatial frame; 1.3 - basic equipment; 1.4 - swivel wheels (non-rotary).

FIG. 2 - illustration of a common non-self-propelled two-wheeled chassis with support legs, where 2.1 - bent and / or welded closed sections of the pipes of the spatial frame; 2.2 - transverse power elements of the spatial frame; 2.3 - basic equipment; 2.4 - handles for holding and transporting manually by a person; 2.5 - fixed wheels; 2.6 - support racks for fixing and holding in a horizontal position of the frame.

FIG. 3 - illustration of a common non-self-propelled four-wheeled chassis with uncontrolled (with non-rotating) wheels, where 3.1 - bent and / or welded closed sections of the pipes of the spatial frame; 3.2 - transverse power elements of the spatial frame; 3.3 - basic equipment; 3.4 - non-rotating (uncontrolled) wheels; 3.5 - handle for transportation.

FIG. 4 is an illustration of the claimed non-self-propelled chassis as a vehicle for placing and moving a high-pressure pump station, where 4.1 is a pump-drive unit; 4.2 - the main frame; 4.3 - uncontrolled (non-rotating) wheels; 4.4 - brake device; 4.5 - a platform for storing additional equipment.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of the shape and composition of the chassis frame, where 5.1 is a welded closed flat frame of hollow shaped pipes; 5.2 - transverse elements of the rear chassis; 5.3 - brackets for storing additional equipment (hoses); 5.4 - extensions extending for laying additional volumes (turns) of sleeves.

FIG. 6 is an illustration of compact stacking of frames in the manufacturing process of the chassis.

FIG. 7 - illustration of the method of laying sleeves "figure eight" on two brackets, where 7.1 is a high pressure sleeve; 7.2 - the free end of the high pressure sleeve.

FIG. 8 - illustration of the method of moving and controlling the chassis under the action of forces acting on the operator’s side, where Fsum is the total force from the operator’s influence when moving the chassis; Fgor - the horizontal component of the effort from the operator’s influence when moving the chassis, ensuring its horizontal movement; Fvert - the vertical component of the effort from the operator’s influence when moving the chassis, ensuring its vertical movement, that is, control in the horizontal plane; DH is the center of gravity of the operator and the chassis with the equipment.

FIG. 9 is an illustration of a method of loading (unloading) a chassis with equipment in a low-floor transport (minibus, minivan, etc.).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

One of the embodiments of the present invention is its use as a non-self-propelled chassis of a vehicle for placing and moving high-pressure pumping stations.

This equipment is used as mobile washing posts when washing construction equipment at construction sites, building structures of buildings, structures, washing vehicles (automobile, railway, etc.).

The high-pressure pump station includes: pump-drive unit pos. 4.1 of FIG. four; non-self-propelled chassis of the vehicle, consisting of the main frame pos. 4.2, four uncontrolled (non-rotating) wheels pos. 4.3, brake device pos. 4.4 and storage areas for additional equipment pos. 4.5.

The frame is a spatial welded construction of hollow profile and round pipes, consisting of a closed flat frame pos. 5.1 of FIG. 5 and the transverse elements of the rear undercarriage articulated with it, pos. 5.2, holding the two rear wheels, also four brackets pos. 5.3 on both sides of the flat frame pos. 5.1 to hold additional equipment. Brackets pos. 5.3 have the ability to change the length, for example, due to retractable extensions pos. 5.4 if necessary, laying additional volumes (turns) of sleeves.

Wheels Pos. 4.3 of FIG. 4 with a diameter of 260 mm pneumatic hollow for increase in passability and comfort of movement on an unprepared surface.

Brake device pos. 4.4 of FIG. 4 rear wheels, which provides immobility of the chassis on an uneven surface during direct operation, during storage and transportation by any means of transport, is mounted on one of the transverse elements of the rear chassis.

Playground Pos. 4.5 fig. 4 for storage of additional equipment (maintenance tool and / or battery) is mounted on one of the transverse elements of the rear chassis.

Design Features:

1. The "open" frame design allows you to compactly stack ("into each other"), store and transport the frames, which increases the manufacturability of the production process of the chassis and equipment as a whole (Fig. 6).

2. Holding devices (brackets) for storing and transporting the sleeves have the possibility of elongation when laying additional volumes (turns) (Fig. 5, 7).

3. The brackets located in the rear upper part of the flat frame have an additional function of the handles for convenient transportation by personnel (Fig. 8).

4. The presence of two transverse brackets on both sides of the supporting flat frame allows laying sleeves pos. 7.1 of FIG. 7 “eight”, without twisting and the formation of “creases”. At the same time, it is possible to accelerate preparation for work by simply dropping the sleeve rings from the brackets without the threat of twisting and “creases”, only by pulling the free end of the pos. 7.2.

5. The common center of gravity of the equipment and the chassis, including, is located between the front and rear axles of the wheels, closer to the rear axles, which allows not only rectilinear movement, but also control due to the application of vertical force to the handles of the rear of the frame (Fig. 8) by lifting the front wheels.

6. The height of the rear part and the location of the brackets having the function of the handles from the surface on which the movement is carried out allows the equipment to be moved by the application of a pushing force that occurs when the center of gravity of a person is shifted forward due to the natural inclination of his body (Fig. 8). Thus, a total force arises - Fsum, which is divided into two components: horizontal - Fhor, which provides horizontal movement of the chassis, and vertical - Fvert, which provides control. This action of forces facilitates control and transportation both on a flat and unprepared surface.

7. Since the center of gravity of the equipment and the chassis, including that, is closer to the rear axles, and there is also a front support in the form of uncontrolled wheels, during transportation when the front wheels hit an obstacle, it is possible to tilt the entire chassis with the equipment forward. . At the same time, the front wheels will move an obstacle of a small size, and with a relatively large size they will rest against it, preventing it from tipping forward.

8. Since the chassis has a predominant three-way arrangement of four uncontrolled wheels and the center of gravity of the chassis with the equipment closer to the rear axles of the wheels, this allows the braking mechanism to be applied to just one of the rear wheels.

9. Using a chassis diagram with two front wheels allows you to use any of them as a backup, if necessary, replace, in case of failure (puncture, etc.), on any rear bearing the main load. This is especially true when using pneumatic wheels having a large cross and driving comfort.

10. The location of the center of gravity of the equipment closer to the rear axles of the wheels of the chassis allows loading and unloading operations in low-floor transport by one person (Fig. 9). This reduces the number of necessary maintenance and support staff.

11. The chassis can be used as a universal one for vehicles powered by one person and being the common navigation base for various equipment for both special purposes and general consumption (pumping stations, electric generators, compressors, gas and electric welding machines, others machines and mechanisms). This can reduce not only production and operating costs, but also the cost of the entire equipment life cycle.

Claims (12)

1. The chassis is non-self-propelled, containing a spatial frame on wheels, consisting of interconnected elements of closed and open profiles, used as a vehicle for moving equipment. 2. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that its design comprises at least one holding device for storing and / or transporting additional equipment. 3. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that it has the ability to change its shape and / or dimensions, including the base and / or ground clearance of the chassis. 4. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that if there are at least two holding devices on the frame, it is possible to store and / or transport on them sleeves, and / or hoses, and / or tubes, and / or cables, and / or chains and / or cable chains, and / or cable hoses, and / or flexible cable channels, and / or ropes, and / or cables, and / or pull bands, and / or ropes, and / or wire, and / or flexible ducts, and / or bellows pipes, and / or cords, and / or belts laid by the "eight" without twisting and the formation of "creases". 5. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that it has the ability to change the position of its center of gravity depending on changes in its shape and / or size, as well as the location of additional equipment. 6. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one holding device located on the frame can be used as a handle for transportation by personnel. 7. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the rear of the frame and the holding devices located there, used as handles, from the surface on which the movement is carried out, allows the equipment to be moved by the application of a pushing force that occurs when the person’s center of gravity is shifted forward due to the natural tilt of his body. 8. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that the common center of gravity of the chassis with the equipment is between the front and rear axles of the wheels, closer to the rear axles, which allows not only rectilinear movement, but also control due to the application of vertical force downward by a person the rear of the frame, and also eliminates the possibility of tipping forward when hitting an obstacle with the front wheel. 9. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that it allows the use of at least three wheels of the same or different size for driving, at least one of which can be swivel with a rotation lock function. 10. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a parking brake on at least one of the wheels with an eccentric brake device of a manual drive. 11. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that when using the chassis with at least two front wheels, it is possible to use any of them as a backup if necessary to replace if the tire is not tight and pressure is lost in it, deformation and / or destruction of the disk and / or tires, bearing malfunctions, any rear bearing the main load. 12. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be used as universal for vehicles powered by one man, which is the common running base for various equipment.

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