RU2657019C2 - Method of planting seed potato and introducing organomineral fertilisers in seedbeds applying cultivator and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method of planting seed potato and introducing organomineral fertilisers in the seedbeds using cultivator is to prepare soil for planting potatoes, form of seedbeds with a step defined by the demanding technology, introduce organomineral fertiliser, plant potatoes and form ridges. The seedbeds are squeezed out, organomineral fertilisers are introduced into the seedbed on planting material, and the fertiliser layer between the seedbeds is shifted to the next seedbed. The device for planting potatoes, hung on the cultivator, includes a frame, a support wheel, kinematically connected to the planting device, the seedbed builders, a potato hopper. Seedbed builder is designed as a replacement rim placed on the drive wheel with seedbed squeezers, made in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter of smaller bases larger than seed potatoes diameter and the height equal to the depth of planting. Device for introducing organomineral fertilisers, hung on cultivator, includes frame, support wheel, organomineral fertilisers dispenser, for introducing organic fertilisers, ridge former and supporting driving wheels. The device is provided with a scrawling spatula in the form of a chevron, made with the possibility of changing the angle of the chevron, set by the wide part forward behind the fertiliser dispenser.

EFFECT: improving the quality of planting potatoes, reducing the consumption of fertilisers and increasing yield by creating equal favourable initial conditions for the development of tubers.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to methods of planting potatoes in holes in small experimental plots for the purpose of selection or in household plots using mini-agricultural equipment, in particular mounted units for motoblocks.

Known technologies for planting potatoes with the use of a digger and a device for their use with devices rolling around the field that plant potato tubers in holes / N.M. Postnikov, Z.S. Torbeev. Potato planting machines, theory, design and calculation. Engineering, Moscow. 1968 /.

A known method of planting potatoes, which consists in preparing the soil for planting potatoes, preparing the wells in increments determined by the requirement of technology, introducing organic fertilizers into the wells, dumping planting material and form ridges.

The known method ensures that the coulter forms a seed bed, holes, discharges organomineral fertilizers into a hole, sprinkles with a layer of soil 1-2 cm thick, discharges tubers within a well, and forms a ridge over a planted tuber.

Known potato planter that implements the known method (US Pat. RU No. 2110169 C1, АСС 9/00, 1996), including a frame, a support wheel, a hole-forming machine, a potato hopper and a planting apparatus. The planter has a furrow-open coulter, a hole forger - a hole digger for placement of organic fertilizers in the wells, a hopper for organic fertilizers, a metering conveyor for feeding organic fertilizers with a feed screw, a potato planting machine, a potato hopper kinematically connected to the hole forger, and a comb forger. The drive of the working bodies can be carried out from the tractor power take-off shaft and from the support wheels.

The known method and device are closest to the claimed and adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this method and device is that the depth and width of the planting is uneven, the conditions for fixing the planted tuber in a hole with organic fertilizers are not provided, the massive structure and the inability to use on a walk-behind tractor

The technical task of the proposed invention is to improve the quality of planting potatoes, reduce the consumption of fertilizers and increase productivity by creating equal favorable initial conditions for the development of tubers.

The problem is achieved in that in the method of planting seed potatoes and applying organomineral fertilizers to the wells using motoblocks, which consists in preparing the soil for planting potatoes, forming a hole with a step determined by the technology requirement, applying organomineral fertilizers, planting potatoes and forming ridges, according to the invention the holes are squeezed to the required depth with a given step, the seed potatoes are discarded, the organic fertilizers are introduced into the hole on the seed potatoes, and the layer is between the wells are shifted to the next well.

The object is achieved in that in the device for planting seed potatoes in the holes, mounted on a walk-behind tractor, including a frame, a support wheel, a hole builder, a potato hopper and a planting apparatus, according to the invention, the hole builder is made in the form of a removable rim mounted on a support-drive wheel with lock holders made in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter of a smaller base greater than the diameter of planting potatoes and a height equal to the depth of planting.

This object is achieved in that the device for introducing organic fertilizer into the wells, mounted on a walk-behind tractor, includes a frame, a support wheel, a hopper for organic fertilizer, a device for introducing organic fertilizer, a comb former and supporting-drive wheels made in the form of a mounted block, according to the invention equipped with a leveling blade in the form of a chevron, made with the possibility of changing the angle of the chevron installed by the wide part in front of the fertilizer applicator.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a planter mounted on a walk-behind tractor; side view; in FIG. 2 - block application of organic fertilizers, mounted on a walk-behind tractor.

The method of planting seed potatoes in wells using motoblocks consists in preparing the soil for planting potatoes, forming holes with a step determined by the technology requirement, planting potatoes, applying organic fertilizers and forming ridges. Organomineral fertilizers are introduced into the well on planting material, and the fertilizer layer between the wells is shifted to the next well.

A device for planting potatoes - a potato planter mounted on a walk-behind tractor 1, contains a frame 2, a potato hopper 3, a planting apparatus 4, a support drive wheel 5, a replaceable rim with lock holders 6, a tray 7 for guiding tubers into the hole. Replaceable rim with lunkavodami 6 is installed on the rim of the support wheel 5. Lokodavodory 6 is made in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter of a smaller base larger than the diameter of planting potatoes.

A device for introducing organic fertilizers is made in the form of a block hung on a walk-behind tractor 1, contains a frame 8, a hopper 9, a screw metering unit 10 for introducing organic-mineral fertilizers, supporting-drive wheels 11, a bevel gear 12 of a screw metering device 10, a blade 13 in the form of a chevron for closing the holes and advancing excess organomineral fertilizers to the next well and a disk comb former 14. The blade 13 is configured to change the angle of the chevron, which allows you to adjust the flow of fertilizers into the wells.

Sazhalka works as follows.

Before starting work on the rim of the support wheel 5, a rim with lunch catchers 6 is installed, selected according to the pitch and depth of landing, according to the technology. From the hopper 3, the planting potato enters the planting apparatus 4 and, through the feed tray 7, is discharged into the wells, which are formed after the support wheel 5 passes with the hoppers 6. The potato entering the wells 8 is ensured by the synchronized operation of the support-drive wheel 5 and the planting apparatus 4. It is visually controlled and adjusted manually.

The rim with lunkodavodami 6 change depending on the technology used.

After the potatoes are planted in the holes, the planter is removed from the walk-behind tractor 1 and the organo-mineral fertilizer application unit, shown in FIG. 2.

Block for making organic fertilizer works as follows.

The screw metering device 10, located in the hopper 9 for organic fertilizers, is driven from the supporting-drive wheels 11 through a bevel gear 12 and introduces organic fertilizers in the area of the holes. Part of the fertilizer falls into the wells on the potatoes, and part remains on top between the wells.

Fertilizers discharged between the wells are displaced into each subsequent well by a leveling blade 13 made in the form of a chevron. A disk comb former 14 mounted at the rear of the blade forms a comb.

The proposed method and device for mini-agricultural machinery provide an increase in the quality of planting potatoes, reducing fertilizer consumption and increasing productivity by creating equal favorable initial conditions for the development of tubers.

Claims (3)

1. The method of planting seed potatoes and applying organomineral fertilizers to wells using a motoblock, which consists in forming a hole with a step determined by the technology requirement, introducing organomineral fertilizers into wells, planting potatoes and forming ridges, characterized in that the wells are squeezed out, organomineral fertilizers are introduced into well on planting material, and the layer of fertilizer between the wells is shifted to the next well. 2. A device for planting seed potatoes in wells using a motoblock, including a frame, a support drive wheel kinematically connected to the planting apparatus, hole formers, a potato hopper, characterized in that the hole former is made in the form of a replaceable rim mounted on the support drive wheel with lunchers made in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter of a smaller base greater than the diameter of planting potatoes and a height equal to the depth of planting. 3. A device for applying organic fertilizers using a motoblock, including a frame, a support-drive wheel, a hopper for organic fertilizers, a fertilizer applicator, a comb-former, characterized in that it is made in the form of a mounted unit and is equipped with a leveling blade in the form of a chevron made with the ability to change the angle of the chevron, installed a wide part forward behind the fertilizer dispenser.

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