RU2656740C1 - System for mounting and dismantling elements of rail fasteners - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanization of the track economy of the railway transport and can be used both for major road repairs, and with the current content of anchor rail fasteners on reinforced concrete sleepers. System for mounting and dismounting the elements of the rail fasteners consists of a frame provided with two displacement rollers, two roller retainers connected by a spacer arm, telescopic rod and spacer, which establish the position of the device relative to the rail, and fixation pincers. Locking pincers are equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for compression-decompression, and the clamps of the clamp are provided with holes for the axes of telescopic spanners whose axes of rotation coincide in the compressed position. Automatic anchor catchers perform the function of stops, with the further possibility of moving the device along the sleeper. Each telescopic wrench consists of a locating wrench, as well as holders for the movement of the locksmith, the hydraulic cylinder of the key movement in the cage.

EFFECT: manual labor is eliminated, labor productivity is significantly increased when installing and dismantling the terminals and when laying the track.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanization of track facilities of railway transport and can be used both for overhaul of the track and for the current maintenance, in particular, of anchor rail fastenings of the type APC-4 on reinforced concrete sleepers.

Further, this device will be called a monovert.

The process of securing the rail to the railroad tie by fastening the APC consists in turning the hexagonal eccentric monoregulator 36 with an elongated open-end wrench to the desired position - from zero to fourth. The angle of one rotation is 60 degrees.

A known analogue (prototype) of the proposed solution is a device for installing or removing connecting fasteners for rails WO 2015/170199 A1, 11/12/2015. A device for installing connecting fasteners of a rail with a railway link, comprising a thrust unit with a stop element for installing a connecting fastener and a hydraulic drive for moving the stop element of the drive assembly with an internal combustion engine and a hydraulic pump for actuating the hydraulic drive of the control device of the engine accelerator, which automatically adjusts the engine speed depending on the operation of the hydraulic drive but.

The disadvantage of this analogue is that it is not designed to turn monoregulators, but to act directly on the terminal, which it latches (fixes) in the anchor.

A known method of installing monoregulators manually according to US Pat. RF 2 383 678 "Method for installing monoregulators." This method is the use of a single lever or lever system with a “foot” that acts on the monoregulator. Such manual devices do not significantly facilitate the process and do not significantly increase labor productivity. A disadvantage of the known technical solution is both the use of manual labor, and the fact that when manually acting on the monoregulator, especially when placing it in the third or when removing it from the third position, the spring terminal is compressed to an unacceptable value, which leads to the loss of its elastic properties, since the force of influence is not predetermined and constant, but depends directly on the worker performing the operation, the length of the lever used.

ARS-type anchor rail fastenings, having a number of advantages compared to other types of fasteners, require considerable efforts (up to 5 kN) due to the elastic force of the special rod terminal to be compressed by the monoregulator during installation and installation of eccentric monoregulators in the eye of the anchor.

In the known methods, the monoregulators with pins are placed in the eyes of the anchor on each side of the rail in a neutral position. Then, each monoregulator is turned on each side of the rail beyond their edges by a gripping device, overcoming the resistance of the bar terminal, for installation in the working position with the terminal tension corresponding to the first, second or third positions. The mounting face of the monoregulator under the influence of gravitational forces deviates from the vertical by approximately 27 °, and the monoregulator takes a neutral position in space. Next, the monoregulator with a gripping device is rotated by a calculated angle and mounted with pins in the eyes of the anchor, overcoming the resistance of the bar terminal, to the working position with the terminal tension corresponding to the first, second or third positions. The calculated angle of rotation of the monoregulator when it is transferred by the gripping device to the first position is within 165 °, to the second position - 105 °, to the third position - 45 °. The calculated angle is set by appropriate mounting of the spring-loaded support rollers of the feeding device.

The proposed device, a monovert, allows the installation of two monoregulators simultaneously in any position in a regular way, i.e. turning the monoregulator 60 degrees with an open-end wrench equipped with a hydraulic actuator.

The aim (task) of the present invention is the elimination of manual physical labor and a significant increase in productivity during installation and dismantling of terminals, as well as during laying of the rail track.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The monovert (Fig. 1), that is, the device for mounting and dismounting the rail fasteners, consists of a frame 1 equipped with two rollers 2, designed to move the monovert along one rail from the railroad ties to the railroad ties (i.e. moving rollers). In the front of the frame 1 there are two roller locks 3 of the monovert position relative to the rail, pivotally connected to the frame 1. The roller locks 3 are interconnected by the spacer lever 4, the telescopic rod 5 and the spacer 6. The monovert is fixed on the rail by moving the spacer lever 4.

In the rear part of the frame 1 there are pincers 7 pivotally connected to it, intended for rigid fixation of the monovert relative to the rail during the rotation of the monoregulators (clamp pincers). The pliers 7 are equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 8 for compression-expansion. In the lower parts of the levers of the pliers 7 holes are made for the axes of the telescopic spanners 9.

With closed ticks 7, the axis of rotation of the monoregulators and the axis of rotation of the telescopic spanners 9 coincide. The telescopic spanner 9, is a separate unit; consisting of the 36 mm open-end wrench itself, the cage in which it moves 50 mm to refuel and remove from the faces of the monoregulator, hydraulic cylinder 10, which serves to move the key in the cage. The monoregulators are rotated 60 degrees to the working position and the telescopic open-end wrenches 9 are returned to the initial position by hydraulic cylinders 11. In the middle parts of the clamp levers 7, the automatic catchers of the anchor 12 are mounted on the axes, which serve as stops, stopping the monovert when moving along the rail from the railroad ties to the sleepers . When the rail is clamped by pincers 7, automatic catchers 12 disengage from the anchor and move forward 15 mm under the action of the springs, which makes it possible to move the monovert to the next sleeper after turning the monoregulators and removing the pincers. After the catchers 12 slip on the back of the anchor under the action of return springs, they return to their original position, i.e. again begin to fulfill the function of stops.

To move the monovert from the sleepers to the sleepers, a handle 13 with button 14 is provided.

For reliable refueling and turning the monoregulator, the open end wrench can be telescopic and can be placed in a holder, the axis of rotation of which coincides with the axis of the monoregulator when refueling with a wrench.

To stop the monovert precisely when catching the anchor, and then (after turning the monoregulator), to automatically move to the next sleeper, an automatic catcher was made with a rotation axis parallel to the rail and spring-loaded movements along the direction of travel and rotation on its axis.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

FIG. 1 - General view of the mono-screw.

FIG. 2 - Monovert position on the rail, front view.

FIG. 3 - Fixation of a mono-screw on a rail, general view.

FIG. 4 - A side view where the monovert is moved along the rail until it stops at the end of the anchor.

General principles of the device

The initial position of the monovert:

The sleepers are not covered with gravel above the lower part of the APC bond anchor. Monoregulators are installed in the initial position, that is, placed in the head of the anchor.

Loosen the wing nut (the nut with the petals, it is also the wing nut) and, by folding the bolt, raise the spacer lever 4 up and push the roller clips 3 (Fig. 2). The monovert is lowered onto the rail from above until the 2 heads of the rail touch the rollers.

While holding the mono-screw on the rail in an upright position, the roller clamps 3 are moved by the spacer lever 4 until the rollers come into contact with the rail. The clamping force of the rollers is regulated by tightening the wing nut, which presses the spacer lever 4. The monovert is fixed on the rail and is located in the middle between two adjacent sleepers (Fig. 3). Symmetrical fixation of the mono-screw is provided by the telescopic rod 5 located exactly in the center between the roller clips 3.

Readiness position for the monovert:

The engine is started on the motor-hydraulic module, and the corresponding control valve, controlled by button 14, delivers hydraulic fluid through two high-pressure hoses to the hydraulic system of the mono-screw, and in the initial position under the pressure of 70 atm the following cavity of the hydraulic cylinders are:

- Hydraulic cylinder 8 of ticks 7 - the rod cavity is under pressure, i.e. ticks are unclenched.

- Hydraulic cylinders 10 of the internal spanners 9 - the lower cavities are under pressure, i.e. keys 9 are raised up and ready to refuel on their monoregulators.

- Hydraulic cylinders 11 of the rotation-return telescopic spanners 9 - under pressure are the piston cavity, i.e. the keys 9 are spread apart from the rail and are ready to turn the monoregulators.

- Automatic catchers 12 due to springing are advanced on the axles forward 15 mm and due to another springing are rotated on the axles away from the rails so that they are opposite the side surfaces of the anchors.

Monovert operation:

Using the handle 13, the operator pushes the monovert forward until the automatic catchers 12 abut against the side surfaces of the anchors, while choosing their 15 mm travels (Fig. 4). Monovert stopped. In this position in the transverse direction, open-end spanners 9 are located opposite the middle of their monoregulators. The operator presses and holds button 14, the distributor on the motor-hydraulic module in the WFD changes the direction of movement of the hydraulic fluid.

When this happens the following:

- pincers 7 are compressed to the stop of the paws in the neck of the rail, while the axis of rotation of the keys 9 are combined with the axis of rotation of the monoregulators (Fig. 5),

- stops 12 slide along the lateral surfaces of the anchors to the sides to the rail and jump off in these surfaces, moving forward 15 mm forward,

- internal telescopic open-end wrenches 9 are extended by the hydraulic cylinder 10 and refuel on the verge of monoregulators,

- hydraulic cylinders 11 rotate telescopic spanners 9 by 60 degrees in the direction of the rail (Fig. 6),

After stopping the open-end spanners 9, the operator releases the button 14. The valve of the module again changes the direction of the hydraulic fluid. Everything repeats in the reverse order:

- the pincers 7 are unclenched, the stops 12 abut their backs against the back of the anchors, due to their lateral springings, open-end wrenches 9 are removed from the faces of the monoregulators by hydraulic cylinders 10. Next, the open-end wrenches 9 are returned to their original position.

After installing the open-end wrenches 9 in the initial position, the operator again presses and holds the button 14, and the rotation-return cycle is repeated, i.e. monoregulators are cranked from II position to III.

Then the operator pushes the monovert again, the stops 12 slide along the back of the anchor and, due to springing, slide away from the rail and abut against the corresponding stops on the tongs 7 so that they again stand in front of the side surfaces of the anchor and upon further movement of the monovert rest against the next anchor.

Claims (5)

1. A device for mounting and dismounting rail fastening elements, consisting of a frame equipped with two displacement rollers, two roller locks, interconnected by a spacer lever, a telescopic rod and a spacer that set the position of the device relative to the rail, and fixation pliers, while fixing pliers equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for compression-expansion, and the clamping levers are equipped with holes for the axes of telescopic wrenches, the rotation axes of which coincide in a compressed position, and automatic anchor catchers that perform the function of stops, with the further possibility of moving the device along the railroad tie, with each telescopic wrench consisting of an open-end wrench, as well as an open-end wrench holder, and a wrench moving hydraulic cylinder. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the open-end wrench is made telescopic and placed in a holder, the axis of rotation of which, when refueling with a wrench, coincides with the axis of the monoregulator. 3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the size of the throat of the open end wrench is 36 mm, and the movement of the open end wrench in the holder is made within 50 mm. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a handle with a button is provided for the operator to move the device. 5. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the device comprises an automatic catcher with an axis of rotation parallel to the rail, and spring-loaded movements along the direction of movement and rotation on its axis.

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