RU2656402C1 - System of preparation of working fluid of seed dressing preparations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the preparation of a working fluid of seed dressing preparations. System contains a water tank, a seed disinfectant tank, a sampling-pressure line equipped with a jet pump. Passive nozzle of this pump by means of a sampling pipeline with a dispensing valve and a flowmeter connected to it is connected to a tank for preparations of cylindrical form equipped with a removable mechanical stirrer with an electric drive. Active nozzle of the jet pump by means of an annular pre-chamber, a pressure pipeline with a dispensing valve and a hydraulic pump installed in it is connected to a seed dressing chamber. Moreover, a mixer of preparations with water, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, is placed vertically in the intake-pressure and discharge pipes. Mixer contains in its upper part a tangential water horizontal nozzle built into it for receiving water, as well as the upper removable cover with fixed in it inlet for preparations vertical axial branch pipe equipped with the radial holes built into it in staggered order by L-shaped nozzles with an alternating direction of the outlets along and counter-clockwise with the total area of their cross section equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the main vertical branch pipe. Upper and lower cavities of the mixer are equipped with screwed partitions fixed on the vertical axial branch pipe, forming a chamber for mixing the preparations with water and forming a working fluid therein. Outlet of the mixer preparations with water is connected to the seed dressing chamber. Water inlet for the mixer connection is connected in parallel to two possible water supply sources.

EFFECT: use of the proposed system provides an increase in the operational coefficient of the replacement capacity of the unit, a reduction in its material-energy intensity, expansion of functionality, environmental friendliness of the technological process of seed dressing and safe working conditions for maintenance personnel.

5 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to mobile and stationary seed dressers, and is intended for the preparation of working fluid (RH) from protective stimulating preparations used in the form of mixtures of fungicides, insecticides, micronutrient fertilizers and plant growth stimulants, hereinafter referred to as preparations, in the form of emulsions, solutions, suspensions in a mixture with water, followed by its supply to the etching chamber.

State of the art

A known system for preparing the working fluid of seed dressers for grain and leguminous crops, containing between the loading and unloading conveyors a tank with a capacity of 250 l for working fluid (HL), connected to the seed dressing chamber by means of an intake-pressure line and pump, providing simultaneous supply of HL to the dressing chamber and to the return line connected to the tank for mixing in it (Contact information “Metallurg-invest” Ukraine, http: / metallurg-invest. dp.ua/contact).

The disadvantages include the low coefficient of use of shift time to perform the main operation - seed dressing, since it takes up to 20% of the main time to fill the tank with water, fill it with drugs and mix with the preparation of the RC, which leads to a decrease in shift productivity. It should also be noted and increased specific material and energy consumption of the technological process of preparing the working fluid, which must be constantly mixed in the tank with a capacity of 250 liters during seed dressing.

A known system for the preparation of a working fluid of a treater in the form of an aerosol for pickling potato tubers, including a tank for a treater solution, above which are placed disk sprayers and a fan with an air duct partially immersed in a solution and mounted on an axis, and in the upper part there is an inclined grate over which a casing is mounted with aprons forming an etching chamber. In addition, the base of the tank is connected by a pipe to the vessel containing the solution. The potato tubers fed to the grate from the external conveyor are coated with a dressing film and rolled into the receiving hopper (RF patent No. 2239970, А01С 1/06. "Installation for liquid processing of root crops", publ. 20.11.2004, bull. No. 32).

The disadvantages of the system include increased specific material and energy consumption and high toxicity of the operator’s working area, since the pickling chamber, where the entire mass of toxic aerosol is actually concentrated, is limited by aprons hanging in the air, which leads to a gross violation of the “Hygienic requirements for the safety of testing processes, storage, transportation, sale, use, disposal and disposal of pesticides and agrochemicals. SanPiN 1.2.2584-10. "

It is known that for the preparation of RG preparations in order to reduce the specific labor costs, improve the sanitary and hygienic working conditions of the operating personnel, an elastic tank with one common multisection neck is used in the preparation tank of the RJ treater, intended for its preliminary filling with preparations (RF patent No. 2436273 A01C 1 / 08. “System for the preparation of the working fluid of the treating agent.” Published on October 20, 2010, Bulletin No. 29), which are fed alternately from the neck sections to a rigid or flexible c ktsiyu machine with simultaneous supply of water from the water supply source, thereby ensuring the continuity of the process of preparation as the working fluid, and a seed treatment chamber unit and unloading them into shoulder or bowser seeders for delivery in the field to the place of sowing.

However, when filling the multisectional filling neck with liquid preparations, their leakage is possible due to the leakage of the base sections due to the loose fit of the valves to the fixed faces of the hollow wedges. In addition, the disadvantages of the "System ..." include the increased specific material and energy intensity of the process when mixing the components in tanks with a hydraulic mixer with a capacity of 200 ... 300 dm ³ .

It should be noted that the above and this design with a water mixer provide mixing with water of drugs in a water-soluble form, as well as suspension concentrates at low dosages of their consumption (Vial Trust VSK, 0.3-0.4 l / t; Oplot VSK, 0 , 4-0.6 l / t; VSK bunker, 0.4-0.5 l / t of seeds). With an increased consumption rate of dressing agents in the form of a suspension (Maxim KS, 2 l / t; Kinto Duo KS, 2-2.5 l / t; Vincit KS, 1.5-2 l / t of seeds) the degree of uneven mixing in front of the chamber etching exceeds the permissible 5% rate and amounts to 10 ... 12% or more. In addition, part of the preparations settles on the walls of the tank, reducing the dose rate and concentration of the RG directly in the dressing chamber, thereby worsening the quality of seed dressing with negative consequences for the future crop.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed invention solves the following problems: increasing the operational coefficient of use of shift time and, accordingly, shift productivity by reducing its cost of preparing the RH in the mixer built into the pressure line; reducing the material and energy consumption of the process with the release of the reservoir for the preparation of RG in it with a capacity of 250 ... 300 dm ³ and replacing it with a tank with a capacity of 60 dm ³ ; the tightness of the connections of parts, assemblies and mechanisms in the intake and discharge lines of the system ensures safe working conditions for maintenance personnel and eliminates the loss of drugs and environmental pollution; the problem of high-quality mixing (preparation) of RG preparations is solved, primarily in the form of a suspension due to the intensification of the mixing process as components among themselves in the tank, as well as a mixture of components with water in the mixer, due to the use of autonomous pumps and a change in the direction of movement of the component flows in the upper and lower mixer cavities due to the created pressure in the working bodies of the system.

In addition, the system’s functionality has been expanded to ensure its practical use in production conditions using existing water supply lines for agricultural enterprises with water intake from the water tower and the release of auxiliary means for delivery in special water tanks, for example, a water distributor in an aggregate with a wheeled tractor, a place for seed dressing, as well as pipe fittings and power equipment - a hydraulic pump with an electric drive for picking water from the tank and its supply to the mixer device.

The problem is solved in that in the system for preparing the working fluid of the treating agent containing a tank for receiving water and preparations, a hydraulic mixer, intake and discharge lines, a hydraulic pump, a dressing chamber, a seed hopper and an unloading screw, according to the invention, the intake and discharge lines are equipped with a preparation mixer with water made in the form of a hollow cylinder, containing a horizontal pipe tangentially integrated into it for receiving water, an upper removable cover with a fixed in it tical-axial inlet nozzle with a blanked base for receiving drugs, with radial holes diametrically opposite in a checkerboard pattern placed in its walls with L-shaped nozzles, the outlet openings of which are alternately directed clockwise and counterclockwise, as well as the upper and lower screw-shaped partitions in the form of a tape, forming a mixing chamber of preparations with water, and an outlet pipe for supplying RG to the seed dressing chamber of the aggregate. The horizontal inlet pipe of the mixer for receiving water through a check valve installed in the intake and pressure water lines, a four-way valve, a flange connection, a pressure-controlled pump, and an in-line valve are connected in parallel with a tank pre-filled with water or a tank of a mobile water distributor, and by the same four-way tap, flange connection, adjustment tap and gate valve - with the water tower of the existing water supply network.

The vertical-axial inlet port of the drug mixer with water through the intake-pressure line of drugs with a metering pump with an adjustable capacity with a constant flow direction and a flow valve is connected to the outlet of the drug tank with a bottom inclined at an angle of 25 ° and placed on it a disk mixer with a grooved surface, on the shaft of which a driven pulley is mounted under the bottom, connected by means of a V-belt transmission with a pulley of the drive shaft of the electric motor, tained on inclined parallel to the bottom plate and the disc surface corrugations are formed as scanning with variable cross-section in the circumferential vertical transverse plane, with its decrease in the direction from the rotation axis towards the periphery with asymmetric slope in this same section.

In addition, the casing of the drug tank and the electric drive of the disk mixer are mounted on rubber-porous pillows located in the corners and acting as a shock absorber, damping the vibration of the tank caused by the inertial forces of the rotating disk mixer and eliminating noise in the operator’s working area, as well as reducing wear of the working bodies with increasing the coefficient of operational reliability of the unit as a whole.

The technical result of such a constructive-technological solution is the possibility of using highly concentrated fungicide disinfectants and their mixtures with insecticides, micronutrient fertilizers, growth stimulants not only in the form of solutions, but also in such forms as suspension, emulsion, ensuring uniform mixing of them as in the drug tank, and in their mixer with water while maintaining a uniform concentration of RH in the discharge line, up to the spray disk in the seed dressing chamber.

Moreover, this uniformity is achieved due to four factors combined in the design: the first - due to the profile and cross-sectional shape of the corrugations of the surface of the disk mixer and the corresponding inclination of the bottom of the tank of the mixer of drugs; the second - due to oncoming flows when water is supplied from a horizontal water nozzle installed in the mixer tangentially, with its movement being rotationally rotated in a spiral with angular acceleration, and of the preparations - through staggered radial holes of the axial nozzle and outlet L-shaped alternating opposite directions the outlet of the nozzle, while in the boundaries of the upper and lower helical partitions there is a turbulization of the mixture, leading to intensive mixing of the components, and therefore traditional onny method for feeding the mixture into the chamber for etching the given design is unacceptable; thirdly, the execution of the technological scheme of the system in terms of parallel connection of the water supply to the mixer from water sources from the tank transported by the tractor water distributor or directly from the existing water supply network extends the device’s functionality, namely: seed treatment both in storage facilities remote from settlements, so and in seed storage areas where there is a water supply network nearby with the release of a tractor with a water distributor, pumping equipment, etc. boprovodnoy reinforcement prigotovitelya working liquid seed treater; fourthly, the system is equipped with an electric power supply circuit and pump control, providing a synchronous supply of water and drugs to the mixer in an autonomous mode; fifthly, supplying a water pressure line with a non-return valve and placing it in front of a four-way valve prevents the mixer from connecting to the water lines in case of malfunctions, and the hermetic design of the working elements and connections in the system prevents harmful substances from entering the operator's working area.

The electric circuit of the tank for drugs is equipped with a time relay RV and a reverse-mode switch (PR) for mixing them by changing the direction of rotation of the mixer, ensuring the quality of mixing, including highly concentrated mixtures in the form of suspensions. In the mode of rotation of the stirrer disk clockwise with the pressure of the mixture mass on the steep surface of the corrugation, the mixing process corresponds to the intensive mode “I”, in the opposite direction to the normal (quiet) mode “H” of its mixing, corresponding to the values of power consumption or energy consumption of the etching process seeds, providing economical energy consumption.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The list of items in the drawings

1 - tank casing,

2 - tank mixer drugs

3 - disk mixer,

4 - shaft of a disk mixer,

5 - inclined bottom of the tank,

6 - driven pulley,

7 - drive pulley,

8 - electric motor

9, 13 - base plates,

10 - a protective peak,

11 - rubber cushions,

12 - corners of the tank socket,

14 - panel for placing the handles of the inclusion of the time relay and the switch modes of rotation of the mixer clockwise and counterclockwise,

15 - exhaust pipe,

16, 33 - intake lines for drugs and water,

17, 35 - checkpoint cranes,

18 - adjustable metering pump,

19, 34, 39 - pressure lines for drugs and water,

20 is a vertical-axial inlet pipe for supplying drugs to the mixer,

21 - removable cover

22 - body of the mixer of drugs with water,

23 - inlet water pipe of the mixer,

24, 25 - exhaust L-shaped oppositely directed pipes,

26, 27 - upper and lower helical partitions of the mixer,

28 - camera mixing drugs with water,

29 - the outlet pipe of the mixer,

30 - discharge line for the working fluid,

31 - seed dressing chamber,

32 - water tank,

36 - adjustable metering pump with pressure control,

37, 37 _a - flange connections in open and closed positions,

38 - four-way valve,

40 - checkpoint control valve,

41 - valve

42 - water tower

RV - time relay,

PR - switch modes of mixing drugs

RD - spray disk,

VS - unloading screw seed dresser,

MS _in , MS _p - measuring glasses for water and drugs,

NP, HB - pumps for the supply of drugs and water to the mixer,

KN - button to turn on the pump NP when measuring the supply of drugs to the measuring cup

PRN - switch of operating modes of the pump NP,

BP - power supply,

T is a transformer

KM - contacts of the magnetic starter,

OK - check valve.

To _op and To _s - taps for sampling drugs and water,

ZK - swirl chamber.

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of a system for preparing a working fluid for seed treatment preparations;

in FIG. 2 - disk mixer (top view);

in FIG. 2a is a scan of the inner circle (hub) of the disk mixer;

in FIG. 2b is a cross section AA of the corrugations of the mixer;

in FIG. 3 - section BB of the mixer with a water pipe;

in FIG. 3a is a cross-section BB of a mixer with L-shaped nozzles;

in FIG. 4 is an electrical diagram of the connection of pumps for the autonomous supply of drugs and water to the mixer.

The implementation of the invention

The system for preparing the working fluid of seed dressing preparations (see Fig. 1) contains a cylindrical tank 2 for preparations placed inside the casing 1, the design of which includes a disk stirrer 3, the hub of which is made integral, at the same time with the shaft 4 mounted (mounted) on a bottom 5 inclined at an angle of 25 °, under which a driven pulley 6 is mounted on the same shaft, connected by a V-belt drive with a drive pulley 7 mounted on the shaft of an electric motor 8, mounted and fixed on a support plate 2 parallel to the tank bottom plate 9 and a protective cover 10 that is covered from above.

The surface of the disk mixer 3 is made in the form of spiral corrugations in the form of a scan of a circle of radius r (Fig. 2) with coordinates

x = rcosϕ + rϕsinϕ; y = rsinϕ-rϕcosϕ,

(Fig. 2a, Rybkin A.A. et al. Handbook of mathematics. Ed. 2nd. M. - 1970) with their variable cross section in the form of an oval in the transverse plane with its decrease in the direction from the axis of rotation to the periphery and asymmetric the steepness of the oval (Fig. 2b) at angles α = 60 ° and β = 20 °, corresponding to the directions of rotation of the disk of the mixer 3 clockwise and counterclockwise.

The electric motor 8 and the casing 1 of the tank 2 are mounted on rubber cushions 11, placed on the plate 9 and in the corners 12, mounted on the plate 13.

On the same casing 1 there is a panel 14 on which the handles for turning on the time switch for the RV mixing of drugs and the mode switch PR of rotation of the disk mixer 3 are installed. it contains a tap valve 17, a metering pump of regulated drugs 18 and a pressure line 19 connected to the drug inlet pipe 20, made integral with the cover 21 of the drug mixer with water (hereinafter mixer) 22, containing also an inlet water pipe 23 mounted tangentially therein (FIG. 3).

The inlet pipe of the preparations 20 contains lateral radial diametrically opposite and vertically alternating L-shaped pipes 24 and 25, the outlet openings of which are alternately directed clockwise and counterclockwise (Fig. 3a), and their total area is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the inlet pipe 20 , which is also equipped with upper 26 and lower 27 screw-shaped tape partitions. The base cavity of the mixer 22 with the baffle 27 installed in it serves as a chamber for the final mixing of the preparations with water 28, the outlet pipe of which 29 is connected to the seed dressing chamber 31 via the discharge line 30.

The system also contains a subsystem for collecting and supplying water to mixer 22 from two possible sources: from a tank 32 pre-filled with water or from an existing water supply network.

In the first embodiment, the reservoir 32 is connected by means of the intake 33 and pressure 34 lines with a through-flow valve 35 installed in them, a metering pump adjustable from pressure 36, a flange connection 37 and a four-way valve 38 with a water pipe 23 of the mixer 22.

In the second embodiment, a four-way valve 38 connects the water pipe 23 of the mixer 22 via a pressure line 34, a flange connection 37 and a pressure line 39 with a control valve 40 installed in it and a valve 41 with a water tower 42, providing temporary connection of the system to a constant source of water supply.

The pressure line between the valve 38 and the pipe 23 is equipped with a check valve OK, which cuts off the water supply from the water supply 32 and 42 in the event of a malfunction in the system.

Placing the casing 1 of the tank 2 and the electric motor 8 on the rubber cushions 11 eliminates (softens) their vibration created by the centrifugal forces of the rotating pulleys 7 and 8.

In addition, the pressure lines 19 and 34 are equipped with valves K _op and K _ov for sampling preparations and water before starting work to configure the system to a predetermined (estimated) rate of their consumption of liters per ton (l / t) of seeds.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows the electric power supply circuit from the alternating current network of two pumps - water 36 and preparations 18. The circuit is equipped with a power supply unit designed for load power up to 200 W and including a step-down transformer T 220/12 V and a rectifier bridge. There is also a switch for the settings of the system and the operation of the system (PRN) through the "Start" button and a magnetic starter.

The system operates as follows.

Before starting work, the systems fill the tank 2 (Fig. 1) with preparations in the appropriate proportions, followed by installing the PR mode switch on the panel 14 of the mixer 3 rotation in one of the positions corresponding to the normal “N” (counterclockwise) or intensive “I” (according to clockwise) modes of mixing drugs. In the “H” mode, water-soluble or slightly concentrated preparations within 2% are mixed, and the cross-section of the corrugations of the surface of the mixer corresponds to a gentle angle of inclination to horizontal (angle β = 20 °) (Fig. 2, 2a, 2b). The intensive mixing mode of preparations of increased concentration (clockwise) corresponds to the large steepness of the cross section of the corrugations of the disk (angle α = 60 °) and the opposing resistance of the corrugations of the corrugations to the mixed mass.

The inclusion in the work of the mixer is performed by turning the handle of the timer "RV" on the panel 14 to its corresponding interval.

The second step is to pre-configure the system to a predetermined rate of flow of drugs and water per ton of seeds per unit time (l / min) using a stopwatch and measuring cups of MS by turning on the pumps 18 and 36 and taking samples with open taps 17 and K _op , 5 and To _s (Fig. 1). In the “Settings” position (Fig. 4), when measuring the consumption of drugs, the PSU power supply is supplied with voltage via the “Start” button to turn on the pump 18. At the same time, the rate of drug supply to the mixer per unit time is measured and adjusted. In the "Work" position, voltage is supplied through the contacts of the magnetic starter KM and the switch of the operating modes and the PRN settings simultaneously to the pumps 36 and 18, ensuring the synchronization of the flow of water and drugs into the mixer 22 (Fig. 1) with the formation of RH and feeding it through the discharge line 30 into the seed dressing chamber 31.

The process of preparing the RG preparations is started by turning on the mixer 3 (Fig. 1) and turning the PRN into the “Work” position to start the pumps 36 and 18, having previously opened the taps 35, 38 and 17 to draw water from the reservoir 32, preparations from the tank 2 highways 33 and 16 and their supply by pumps 36 and 18 through the pressure mains 34 and 19 through a water pipe 23 and a vertically axial drug pipe 20 into the upper cavity of the mixer body 22, in which preliminary mixing of the oncoming flows of the components occurs due to swirl of the tangentially directed water outflow in a vortex chamber 3K (Fig. 3) with a screw-shaped baffle 26 with the simultaneous flow of drugs into the mixer 22 through the radial holes of the pipe 20 into the outlet L-shaped pipes 24 and 25. The final mixing of the drugs with water with the formation of RH occurs in the cavities of the screw-shaped partition 27 of the chamber 28. Next, the RG enters through the outlet pipe 29 of the mixer 22 along the injection line 30 to the spray disk RD located in the seed dressing chamber 31, where the seeds are coated with preparations in the form of RG and their supply to the unloading screw of the high-level treater.

Thus, the combined use of mixing devices - one in the drug tank with a disk stirrer in it, containing corrugations in the form of a reamer with an asymmetric cross-section in the transverse plane and its electric drive with a reversing mechanism, the second - in the water and for pressure head mounted junction highways of a mixer of preparations with water supplied from a water supply source containing a combined arrangement of four mixing elements - tangentially mounted to the inner cylinder its surface of the inlet water pipe, the axial pipe for drugs with diametrically opposite L-shaped pipes installed in its radial holes, the discharge openings of which are alternately directed clockwise and counterclockwise, as well as the upper and lower screw-like partitions made in the form of a tape, provides mixer preparations with water, preparation of RJ and its entry into the seed dressing chamber.

Parallel connection of the housing of the mixer of drugs with water 22 to two possible sources of water supply through interchangeable components - the working bodies of the intake-pressure water line, taking into account specific local conditions for seed dressing, expands the functionality of the system, increasing its technical and economic efficiency.

Claims (5)

1. A system for preparing a working fluid for seed dressing preparations, comprising a water tank, a seed dressing tank, an intake-pressure line equipped with a jet pump, the passive nozzle of which is connected to a cylindrical drug tank with a metering valve and a flow meter in it forms equipped with a removable mechanical agitator with electric drive, and the active nozzle of the jet pump by means of an annular prechamber, a pressure pipe with a crane installed in it a mash and a hydraulic pump connected to the seed dressing chamber, characterized in that in the intake-pressure and discharge lines a vertical mixer of drugs with water is made, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, containing in the upper part a horizontal tangentially built-in water pipe for receiving water, and upper removable lid with a vertical axial nozzle fixed to the drug inlet for the drugs, equipped with L-shaped patrons integrated into the staggered radial holes in it tubes with an alternating direction of the outlet openings clockwise and counterclockwise with a total cross-sectional area equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the main vertical nozzle, and the upper and lower cavity of the mixer are equipped with screw partitions fixed to the vertical axial nozzle, forming a chamber for mixing drugs with water and forming her working fluid; the outlet pipe of the mixer of preparations with water is connected to the seed dressing chamber, the water inlet for the mixer pipe is connected in parallel with two possible sources of water supply. 2. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that the vertically-axial inlet pipe of the drug mixer with water through the intake-pressure line and the metering pump installed therein and the stopcock are connected to the outlet pipe of the drug tank with an angle of not more than 25 ° bottom equipped with a disk agitator with corrugations driven by an electric motor equipped with a reverse. 3. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the surface of the disk mixer is equipped with grooves made in the form of a circle sweep with a variable cross-section in a vertically transverse plane with its decrease in the direction from the axis of rotation to the periphery with their asymmetric slope in the same section with the angle of inclination of the outer side is 20 °, and the inner one is 60 °, corresponding to the directions of rotation of the mixer in the mixing modes, normal “H” - against, and intense “And” - clockwise. 4. The system of claims. 1, 2, characterized in that the pressure line for water between the inlet water pipe of the mixer of drugs with water and a four-way valve is equipped with a check valve. 5. The system of claims. 1-3, characterized in that the power supply circuit of the pumps from the three-phase network for the synchronous supply of drugs and water to the mixer is equipped with a power supply unit with a 220/12 V transformer that provides separate or parallel connection of the water supply pumps and drugs to the mixer through a system operation switch as in “Setting” mode for the rate of drug consumption, and in the “Work” mode for seed treatment.

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