RU2654918C1 - Controlled system of scraper blades - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to earthmoving engineering, namely to the operating elements of earth-moving scraper units. Controlled system of scraper blades includes a lip system of the bucket, consisting of a lip plate, cutting and side-cutting lips with a working and non-working surfaces, ensuring the excavation by the entire width of the bucket and rigidly attached to it, and a scoop cutting element rigidly mounted in the center of the front bucket apron and equipped with an additional front apron with a drive. On the scoop cutting element front and rear controlled stops (latches) are installed having sloped working surfaces and being equipped with a flexible drive from the hydraulic cylinders, while the hydraulic cylinders themselves are located on the outside of the front scraper apron. At the lip plate of the bucket lip system, the supports with inclined working surfaces are rigidly fixed, which, when the scoop cutting element operates, interact with the sloped working surfaces of the rear controlled stops of the scoop cutting element. Non-working surfaces of the cutting lips of the bucket lip system have sloped working surfaces with which the sloped working surfaces of the front controlled stops interact.

EFFECT: reduction of the material consumption of the front bucket apron caused by digging loads.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to earth moving machines, in particular to knife systems of scrapers.

The stepwise knife system of a scraper is widely known, having a base plate with straight or stepwise knives (Road machines. Part 1. Machines for earthworks. Ed. 3rd, revised and enlarged M: "Mechanical Engineering", 1979 - (p. 275, Fig. 117)). The knife system has high strength and rigidity, however, due to the insignificant departure of the middle knives, filling the bucket with soil in the final stage is difficult.

Known soviet cutting body (Borisenkov V.A., Katsin V.A. Study of a scraper with a soviet cutting body. Magazine "Transport construction", No. 12, 1972 - S. 50-51), including cutting knives, the length of which is less than the width of the bucket , and pruning knives. Shovel cutting body is installed on the foot plate of the bucket as replaceable equipment.

The shovel cutting body provides the formation of a stable, compact soil shavings, however, it does not allow for high-quality soil planning in the dump (due to the significant departure of knives). In addition, the use of a scraper bucket with a shovel cutting body should be combined with the use of scrapers with conventional stepped knives.

Known buckets with a curved cutting edge, having a reduced energy intensity of digging, which are described by the book Fedorov D.I. Working bodies of earth-moving machinery. M.: "Engineering", 1977. 288 p. (Fig. 122, 123 on p. 168 and 169, Fig. 128 on p. 176), as well as in the article Fedorov D.I., Nedorezov I.A., Gulia N.V. Scraper D-542 with curved knives and bottom. - "Mechanization of construction", 1965, No. 2. Knife systems with a curved cutting edge or curved bottom develop soil with the entire width of the bucket and do not create conditions for filling the bucket in the conditions of the least energy-intensive free cutting.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a scraper bucket (Pat. 2467129 of the Russian Federation, IPC E02F 3/64. Scraper bucket / Nilov V.A., Letunovsky K.P., Budarin R.E., Nilova V.I. patent holder Voronezh State Technical University No. 201002451/03; filed January 25, 2010; published November 20, 2012, Bull. No. 32. 6 pp.), in which the shovel cutting unit is mounted on the front damper. Such a bucket allows you to develop soil with both full and reduced cutting widths and maintains high planning qualities that are not characteristic of a soviet cutting body. It allows you to fill the bucket in the conditions of the least energy-intensive free cutting, providing a reduction in the energy consumption of digging with high quality face and blade.

The disadvantage of such a bucket is the creation of loads not characteristic of the front damper (the digging force from the shovel cutting organ is perceived by the front damper). To ensure the required strength of the front damper, an increase in the strength of its metal structures is necessary.

The invention is aimed at reducing the material consumption of the front damper of the bucket by temporarily securing the shovel cutting organ during digging to the base plate of the main knife system of the bucket.

This is achieved by the fact that the front and rear guided stops (clamps) are installed on the scoop cutting organ, having inclined working surfaces and equipped with a flexible drive from the hydraulic cylinders, while the hydraulic cylinders themselves are located on the outside of the front flap of the scraper, and on the foot plate of the knife system of the bucket stops with inclined working surfaces are installed, which during operation of the shovel cutting body interact with the inclined working surfaces of the rear guided stops of the shovel cutting organ a and outside surfaces of cutting blades of the bucket blade systems have inclined working surfaces, which interact with the working surfaces inclined front steering stops.

The essence of the claimed device is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a controllable knife system during excavation with a shovel cutting body; in FIG. 2 shows a larger coarse knife system in the development of the soil with a shovel cutting body; in FIG. 3 shows the operation of controlled stops (clamps) when securing the shovel cutting body to the base plate for the time of digging the soil; in FIG. 4 shows the interaction of controlled stops (latches) with stops on the foot plate; in FIG. 5 - the same with the back of the cutting knives; in FIG. 6 shows the location of the drive elements of the controlled stops (clamps) when developing soil with the full width of the bucket; in FIG. 7 depicts a controllable knife system when developing soil with a full bucket width.

The controlled knife system includes a base plate 1, rigidly connected to a bucket 2, on which removable cutting knives 3 are mounted, a front shutter 4 with an actuator 5, in the center of which a shovel cutting organ 6 is rigidly mounted, having cutting 7 and cutting 8 knives. Outside, the shovel cutting body 6 is equipped with an additional shutter 9 with an actuator 10. On the foot plate 1 in the plane of the cutting knives 8 of the shovel cutting body 6, stops 11 with inclined working surfaces 12 are installed. On the rear side of the removable cutting knives 3, inclined working surfaces are made 13. Cutting knives 8 shovel cutting body 6 is equipped with rear 14 and front 15 controlled stops (Fig. 2) with inclined working surfaces 16 and 17. Drives 18 and 19 controlled rear 14 and front 15 stops (latches) are external additional flap surface 9 and connected by flexible shafts 20 and 21 and driven rear 14 and front 15 stops.

Managed knife system works as follows. When digging the soil with the shovel cutting body 6 (Fig. 1), the scraper operator opens the additional damper 9 with the actuator 10, and with the actuator 5 lowers the front damper 4 to the lowest position. After the soviet cutting unit 6 is fully pressed against the foot plate 1, the operator puts the front drive 5 of the front damper 4 into the floating position, and the rear 14 and front 15 stops (locks) of the actuators 18 and 19, located on the outside of the front damper 4, translates into the position shown in FIG. 3. In this case, the rear 14 and front 15 stops (latches) are rotated by flexible shafts 20 to 21, their working surfaces 16 to 17 interact with the inclined working surfaces 12 of the stops 11 (Fig. 4) of the base plate 7 and with the working surfaces 13 (Fig. 5) on the back of removable cutting knives 3 of the base plate 1.

The result of this interaction is the tight pressing of the shovel cutting organ 6 to the base plate 1 (Fig. 2). In this case, a significant part of the digging force from the shovel cutting body 6 is immediately transmitted through the foot plate 1 to the bucket 2, thereby unloading the metal structures of the front flap 4.

To develop soil with the full width of the bucket 2, the operator drives 18 and 19 through flexible shafts 20 and 21 and turns the controlled stops 14 and 15 (latches) in the other direction (Fig. 6). Working surfaces 16 (Fig. 4) and 17 (Fig. 5) leave the contact zone with the inclined surfaces 12 of the stops 11 of the foot plate 1 (Fig. 4) and the inclined working surfaces 13 of removable cutting knives 3 (Fig. 5) of the foot plate 1 As a result, the shovel cutting body 6 is completely released, and the operator lifts it (Fig. 7) together with the front damper 4 by the actuator 5 to the digging position with the full width of the bucket 2.

Forced unloading of the bucket from the ground is carried out in the usual way.

The proposed controlled knife system of the scraper provides the transmission of the digging force acting on the shovel cutting organ directly to the rigid scaffold of the bucket, which allows unloading the metal structures of the front damper from unusual loads and eliminating the need for its reinforcement and weighting.

Claims (1)

The controlled knife system of the scraper, including the knife system of the bucket, consisting of a base plate, cutting and cutting knives with working and non-working surfaces, and providing soil development with the entire width of the bucket, and rigidly connected with it, and a shovel cutting body, rigidly mounted in the center of the front damper bucket and equipped with an additional front flap with a drive, characterized in that the front and rear guides (latches) having inclined working surfaces and abzhennye flexible drive from the hydraulic cylinders, while the hydraulic cylinders themselves are located on the outside of the front flap of the scraper, and on the foot plate of the knife system of the bucket fixed stops with inclined working surfaces, which when working with an soviet cutting body interact with the inclined working surfaces of the rear guided stops of the soviet cutting body and non-working surfaces of the cutting knives of the bucket knife system have inclined working surfaces with which inclined working surfaces interact STI front steering stops.

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