RU2653874C2 - Crusher for milling rock mass chunks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: crusher comprises a body with a fixed jaw, a movable jaw mounted on the lower axis which can swing by means of a drive mounted in the upper part of the body. The plates with operation elements are installed parallel to the movable jaw and are displaced in height and spring-loaded relatively to the fixed jaw. Each plate has its own drive, ensuring its vibration motion when contacting with crushed rock piece at the time when it is pressed between the movable and fixed jaws.

EFFECT: reduction of forces required for crushing.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to crushing equipment and can be used in mining and other industries for crushing large-sized and medium-sized rocks.

Known jaw crusher [Description of the invention to the copyright certificate SU 408649, priority 02/08/1971, published 11/30/1973.], Comprising a housing, movable cheeks with a drive and elastic ties. The jaw crusher is equipped with a high-frequency generator with electrodes that are mounted in holes in the cheeks.

A disadvantage of the known jaw crusher is the complexity of its design and high energy consumption, due to the need to use a high frequency generator.

Known jaw crusher [Description of the patent for utility model RU 157535, priority date 01.07.2015, published 10.12.2015], including a housing with a chamber for passing crushed pieces of conditioned fractions of crushed material, a fixed cheek and a movable cheek connected to the drive with evenly spaced through holes. At least one spring-loaded plate with strikers passing through holes made in the fixed cheek is mounted parallel to it on the back side of the fixed cheek. In this case, the spring-loaded plate is equipped with a vibro-shock drive. An additional chamber is installed in the device’s body for passing small particles of substandard fraction of crushed material passing through the through holes in the movable cheek.

A disadvantage of the known jaw crusher is the complexity of the design, consisting in the need to make holes in the fixed cheek, as well as the need to ensure alignment of the strikers installed on the plate with holes in the fixed cheek. In addition, small pieces of crushed rock can fall into the gaps between the holes in the fixed cheek and the strikers and contribute to their jamming. The disadvantages of the known design of the jaw crusher can also be attributed to the lack of effectiveness of vibration impact on pieces of crushed rock from the side of the strikers, because there is a high probability that the rock will be pressed by the movable cheek to the motionless cheek between the strikers.

The closest in essential features to the design of the proposed device and taken as a prototype is the well-known design of the jaw crusher [Klushantsev B.V., Kosarev A.I., Muizemnek Yu.A. Crushers. - M., Engineering, 1990. S. 3-8], comprising a housing with a fixed cheek, a movable cheek with a lower axis of its swings, and a swing drive of the movable cheek mounted in the upper part of the frame.

A disadvantage of the known device is low productivity and high energy consumption for the crushing process, due to the fact that crushing is carried out only due to compressive forces, i.e. the most energy-intensive way to destroy materials.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the crushing performance, reducing the compression forces necessary for crushing.

The technical result is achieved in that, on the working side of the fixed cheek, plates with working elements displaced in height are installed parallel to it with working elements, each of which is spring-loaded with compression springs relative to the fixed cheek and has an individual drive that ensures its vibrational movement, and the drive is turned on and off automatically depending from the position of the spring-loaded plate relative to the stationary cheek.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the crusher for grinding lumpy rocks in cross section.

The crusher for grinding lumpy rocks includes a housing 1 with a fixed cheek 2, a movable cheek 3 with a lower axis 4 of its swings and a swing drive 5 of the movable cheek 3 mounted in the upper part of the housing 1. The swing drive 5 can be made, for example, in the form of a hydraulic cylinder. On the working side of the fixed cheek 2, plates 6 with working elements 7 displaced in height are installed parallel to it. The plates 6 are spring-loaded relative to the fixed cheek 2 by compression springs 8. Each of the plates 6 has an individual drive 9, which ensures its vibrational movement with individual adjustable frequency and amplitude of vibrations . The individual drives 9 of the plates 6 are turned on and off automatically depending on the position of the plates 6 relative to the fixed cheek 2. When the plate 6 is pressed against the fixed cheek 2, its individual drive 9 is turned on. When the plate 6 returns to its original position relative to the fixed cheek 2, its individual drive 9 turns off.

Works crusher for grinding lump of rocks as follows. Pieces of rock 10 are fed into the crushing chamber 11, which is formed by the space between the fixed cheek 2 and the movable cheek 3. The movable cheek 3, driven by the swing drive 5, makes a swing motion relative to the swing axis 4 located in its lower part, as a result of which approximation and removal occurs the movable cheek 3 to the fixed cheek 2 at which the angle of the crushing chamber 11 changes. When the movable cheek 3 approaches the fixed cheek 2, large pieces of crushed rock 10 are clamped between the movable cheek 3 and set plates 2 mounted on the fixed cheek 6. As a result of this, under the influence of internal compression stresses, they break into several smaller pieces. When the movable cheek 3 is removed from the fixed cheek 2, the chopped pieces of rock 10 under the influence of their own weight move down to the exit slit 12 of the crushing chamber 11, where they again break into smaller pieces. And this happens until the size of the crushed pieces reaches a size sufficient to pass through the exit slit 12 of the crushing chamber 11.

As a result of approaching the movable cheek 3 to the fixed cheek 2, the pieces of rock 10 clamped between them will interact with the working elements 7 of the plates 6. In this case, the plates 6 will be pressed against the fixed cheek 2, as a result of which their individual drives 9 will turn on. when the individual drive 9 is turned on, the plate 6 with the working elements 7 will have (in addition to compressive) a vibratory effect on crushed pieces of rock 10 and thereby will contribute to the intensification of their splitting into large her small pieces. When the pressure is removed from the side of the piece of rock 10 on the plate 6, as a result of its splitting into smaller pieces or when the movable cheek 3 is removed from the fixed cheek 2, under the influence of compression springs 8, the plates 6 will return to their original position relative to the fixed cheek 2 and their individual drives 9 will shut down.

If clogging of the exit slit 12 of the crushing chamber 11 occurs, vibration from the side of the plate 6 located near the exit slit 12 will contribute to the destruction of this clogging layer of rock 12 and the release of the exit slit 12 for free passage of crushed pieces of rock 10.

The size of the crushed pieces of rock 10 of the conditioned fraction is regulated by setting the width of the exit slit 12 of the crushing chamber 11.

In the proposed design of the crusher for grinding pieces of rock, additional vibrational impact from the side of the plates 6 with the working elements 7 will be carried out only by those plates 6 and at the moment when they interact with the pieces of rock 10 clamped between the fixed cheek 2 and the movable cheek 3.

Since the plates 6 are located at different levels in the crushing chamber 11 and interact with pieces of rock 10 of various sizes, due to the presence of each plate 6 of an individual drive 9 with adjustable frequency and amplitude of oscillation, the operator has the opportunity to set an individual vibration effect for each plate 6 with working elements 7 and thereby affect the quality and productivity of the crushing process of rock 10 at different height sections of the crushing chamber 11.

The proposed crusher for grinding pieces of rock allows you to exert on crushed pieces of rock 10 in addition to compressive force and the vibration effect of the working elements 7 of the plates 6, which will contribute to increase the productivity of the process of crushing rock, as well as reduce the crushing forces necessary for crushing.

Moreover, the proposed design ensures the operation of the drive 9 of the plates 6 with the working elements 7 in the short-term mode at those times when it is required to destroy a piece of crushed rock 10, which allows to exclude the operation of the drive 9 in the idle mode.

Bibliography

1. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate SU 408649, priority dated 02/08/1971, published on 11/30/1973.

2. Description of the patent for utility model RU 157535, priority of July 1, 2015, published December 10, 2015.

3. Klushantsev B.V., Kosarev A.I., Muizemnek Yu.A. Crushers. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1990.S. 3-8.

Claims (1)

A crusher for grinding lumpy rocks, comprising a housing with a fixed cheek, a movable cheek with a lower axis of its swings and a swing drive of the movable cheek mounted in the upper part of the housing, characterized in that plates with working elements displaced in height are installed parallel to it from the working side of the fixed cheek , each of which is spring-loaded with compression springs relative to the fixed cheek and has an individual drive that ensures its vibrational movement, and the drive is turned on and off automatically aromatically depending on the position of the spring plate relative to the fixed cheek.

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