RU2650589C1 - Method for correcting and preventing visual impairment with exercises with badminton elements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used in the correction and prevention of visual impairment, namely myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, spasm of accommodation. To this end, at least 4 times a week for at least 6 months, conduct training with elements of badminton, subject to individual glasses correction, appointed after an optical examination. In the process of training, the dynamic work of the groups of the eye muscles and the dynamic work of the groups of skeletal muscles during the throws of the shuttle are carried out at least three types: vertical throws with the hand of the shuttle and eye tracking of the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, vertical-horizontal throws with the hand of the shuttle and eye tracking of the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, throwing a hand at the removal-approaching the shuttle and watching the eyes behind the shuttlecock, reaching the maximum possible amplitude of the accommodation of the eyes. In this case, the total duration of all three types of shots is not less than 30 minutes. Each of the three types of shots can be carried out with a change in colors of the shuttle, in the visible part of the spectrum, so that the difference in the wavelength of each next color from the previous one is 30–35 nm. All three types of throws are carried out in a certain sequence. Total exercise time is 300–360 seconds. When throwing a hand with a partner, the distance between the partners is 3.5–4.0 meters and 10 shots are performed by each of the partners, each of the two hands, given the color of the shuttle for each of the six preset colors of the shuttle. In addition, they carry out throws in a circle with the participation of 12 partners at first in one given side, then in the opposite direction for at least 120 seconds with a distance between each of the neighboring partners of 2.5–5.0 meters, while at least three approaches are taken when throwing to each of the specified sides.

EFFECT: method provides effective prevention and correction of these pathologies in patients using the available means, excluding excessive eye strain, by increasing the contractile activity of the main portions of the ciliary muscle caused by the adaptation of the accommodation system of the eye to flight of the shuttle who has an unusual flight trajectory.

5 cl, 6 dwg, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to ophthalmology, and can be used for the correction and prevention of visual impairment: myopia, hyperopia. astigmatism, spasm of accommodation.

A known method (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2542079) training acuity and restoration of vision, including alternating cycles of darkening the visual field and subsequent opening of the eyes, where the cycles of darkening the visual field and looking with open eyes are carried out simultaneously with breathing exercises that increase the general air exchange in the lungs and blood oxygen saturation moreover, the dimming of the visual field in the cycle is carried out for 15-60 s, and looking with open eyes in the cycle is from one to 10 s.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of its use for the correction of myopia and hyperopia.

The known method (RF patent No. 2606180), including badminton lessons 3 times a week for 1-2 hours for 6 months or more, subject to the necessary individual spectacle correction, appointed after the optometric examination, and at the same time as the start of classes carry out reflexogenic exposure to paraorbital biologically active points and points of the cranial vault: VB1, VB14, E8, V2, V3, V4, TR3, BT3, BT5, BT6, as well as the points of the cervical-collar zone: VB20, VB21, V10, V11, T14 with a duration of 2 -4 weeks.

The disadvantage of this method is its complexity and long time duration, due to the need for additional reflexogenic effects on biologically active points, except for badminton training.

The technical task of the proposed solution is to simplify the method and reduce the time spent on the medical training process.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed method for the correction and prevention of visual impairment by exercises with badminton elements, including training with badminton elements, which are carried out at least 4 times a week for at least 6 months, subject to individual eyewear correction, appointed after the optometric examination, characterized in that in the process of training they combine the dynamic work of groups of eye muscles and the dynamic work of groups of skeletal muscles during throws at least three types of flans: vertical throws by the hand of the shuttlecock and tracking the eyes for the shuttlecock, achieving the maximum possible angular amplitude of eye rotation, vertical-horizontal throws by the hand of the shuttlecock and tracking eyes by the shuttlecock, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of the eye’s rotation, throwing by hand to remove-approach shuttlecock and eye tracking of the shuttlecock, reaching the maximum possible amplitude of accommodation of the eyes, while the total duration of all three types of throws is at least 30 minutes, while according to the stated Each of the three types of throws is solved by changing the colors of the shuttle, in the visible part of the spectrum, so that the difference in the wavelength of each next color from the previous one is 30–35 nm, vertical throws by the hand of the shuttle and eye tracking for the shuttle are carried out in the following sequence: throws given hand up - fishing with two hands at the level of the belt, with continuous eye tracking of the shuttlecock, with at least ten throws of each of the two given hands for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six specified colors in lana: red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds; throws with a given hand up - catching with a given hand at the level of the belt, with continuous tracking by the eyes of the shuttlecock, with at least ten throws of each of the two given arms for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six specified colors of the shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green , combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds, the vertical-horizontal hand throws of the shuttlecock and eye tracking of the shuttlecock are carried out in the following sequence: throws for with this hand upwards - catching with the hand opposite the one set at the level of the belt, with continuous tracking by the eyes of the shuttlecock, with at least ten throws of each of the two set hands for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six specified colors of the shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green , combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds, hand throws to remove-approach the shuttle and eye tracking the shuttle are carried out in the following sequence: throw and from the bottom up from the hip with the set hand of one partner catching a shuttlecock with two hands of the other partner, the distance between partners is 3.5-4.0 meters and 10 throws are made by each partner of each of the two hands for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six given colors of the shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds; throws over the head with the given hand of one partner and catching the shuttlecock with the given hand of the other partner, while the distance between partners is 4.0-5.0 meters and 10 throws are made by each of the partners of each of the two hands for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six given colors shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds; then throws in a circle, 12 partners are given six shuttlecocks of different colors red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, simultaneous throws in a circle are made to the neighboring partner, first in one given direction and then in the opposite direction for at least 120 seconds when the distance between each of the neighboring partners is 2.5-5 meters, at the same time, at least three approaches are taken when throwing to each of the given sides.

The possibility of achieving a technical result is ensured by the fact that for people using correction glasses in their daily life, the number of shuttles of a shuttlecock in one exercise at the initial stage does not exceed 10-15 times, which eliminates excessive eye strain and, as a result, tearing of the eyes, increased eye pressure and exit from the usual comfort zone, with an average pace of throws, in addition, continuous tracking of the shuttlecock allows you to normalize and increase the efficiency and contractility of the main ciliary muscle, forcing the accommodation system of the eye to adapt to the peculiar flight of the shuttlecock, which has an unusual ballistics and flight path, changing the color of the shuttlecock during the training process allows you to dynamically change all the main important reactions of a reflex and humoral nature, except that the bright colors of the shuttlecock distinguish it on any background of the training room or training ground. Throws to each other as an element of game activity, which contributes to a large volume of the shuttlecock’s flight space over the site, constantly changing the amplitude and speed of the shuttlecock. The more combinational actions will change during the game from the back to the front, and vice versa, the more attention will be paid to the flight of the shuttle, while the inclusion of neck muscles that work to the right, left, up, down, promotes the flow of arterial blood to the hemispheres of the brain and to the ciliary muscle of the eye, which is responsible for the mechanisms of accommodation, as well as strengthening the vessels of the eye by improving blood circulation of various organs.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows throws with a given hand up - fishing with two hands at the level of the belt. In FIG. 2 presents throws with a given hand up - catching with a given hand at the level of the belt. In FIG. Figure 3 shows throws with the set hand up - catching with the hand opposite the set at the level of the belt. In FIG. Figure 4 shows throws from the bottom up from the thigh by the set hand of one partner catching a shuttlecock with both hands of the other partner, the distance between partners being 3.5-4.0 meters. In FIG. Figure 5 shows the throws above the head by the set hand of one partner, catch by the set hand of the other partner, and the distance between the partners is 4.0-5.0 meters. In FIG. 6 shows throws in a circle, 12 partners are given six shuttlecocks of different colors of red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, simultaneous throws in a circle are made to the neighboring partner, first to one predetermined side and then to the opposite side.

The method is as follows. Before exercises with badminton elements, badminton lessons are carried out for all individuals with the necessary optometric examinations: determination of the visual acuity of each eye; automatic refractometry; determination of maximum visual acuity with spectacle correction; conducting medical cycloplegia to turn off accommodation and determining the degree and type of ametropia to detect accommodation spasm; determination of maximum visual acuity in aperture conditions. According to indications, a spectacle correction is prescribed according to general rules (for example, Yu.Z. Rosenblum, Optometry, Moscow, 1996).

Training with badminton elements is carried out 4 times a week for 30-36 minutes for 6 months or more.

Clinical examples

1. Patient A., 10 years old, complaints of poor eyesight when looking into the distance with the beginning of school. Preliminary diagnosis: OU-myopia of a weak degree in doubt, accommodation spasm in doubt.

When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.4 Sph-0.6 D,

Vis OS = 0.4 Sph-0.6 D.

Medical cycloplegia was carried out by 3-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, on wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph + 0.4 D,

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph + 0.4 D.

Diagnosis: spasm of accommodation against a background of mild hyperopia.

I started training with badminton elements 4 times a week for 30-36 minutes. For training, Sph + 1.0 D points were prescribed. Improved vision was noted after the first week of training. At the control examination after 3 months:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph + 0.8 D,

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph + 0.8 D.

The results showed no accommodation spasm. Regular training with badminton elements continued for 6 months. It has been observed for more than 3 years. He uses glasses only at school and at the computer. Visual functions are stable. Continues training with badminton elements.

2. Patient V., 14 years old, a student in school, at the end of grade 7, headaches appeared while reading, blurred vision when looking into the distance. When examining narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 0.2 Sph-2.0 D,

Vis OS = 0.2 Sph-2.0 D.

Medical cycloplegia was carried out by 2-fold installation of 1% atropine. After cycloplegia, on wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.6 Sph-0.8 D,

Vis OS = 0.6 Sph-0.8 D.

Diagnosis: Mild myopia, spasm of accommodation. Assigned spectacle correction. According to the proposed method, he started training with badminton elements for 6 months 4 times a week for 36 minutes. Training was carried out with Sph-1,0 D glasses in both eyes. No glasses were used at other times. When viewed after 6 months:

Vis OD = 0.6 Sph-0.5 D,

Vis OS = 0.6 Sph-0.5 D.

The results of the examination showed that myopia is not progressing, there is no accommodation spasm, training with elements continues. Observed for 2 years, visual function is stable.

3. Patient S., 38 years old, office worker, complaints of discomfort and reduced vision in the distance, reading discomfort. He works a lot on a computer. Previously, I did not wear glasses.

Optometric examination:

Vis OD = 0.7 Sph-1.25 D,

Vis OS = 0.7 Sph-1.25 D.

According to the table for determining visual acuity, font 08 (visual acuity 0.7) in glasses Sph-3,20.

After cycloplegia, on wide pupils, with a diaphragm:

Vis OD = 0.8 Sph + 1.0 D,

Vis OS = 0.8 Sph + 1.0 D.

Diagnosis: spasm of accommodation. According to the proposed method, he started training with badminton elements for 6 months 4 times a week for 36 minutes. On examination after 6 months, on narrow pupils:

Vis OD = 1.0,

Vis OS = 1.0.

According to the table for determining visual acuity, he reads freely the font 05 (visual acuity 0.9) in glasses Sph + 1.0 at a distance of 33 cm. It has been observed for more than 3 years. There is no accommodation spasm, visual functions are stable. Continues training with badminton elements

Thus, the proposed method allows affordable means to prevent and treat myopia and spasm of accommodation in a wide variety of age groups with high efficiency.

Claims (5)

1. The method of correction and prevention of visual impairment by exercises with badminton elements, including training with badminton elements, which are performed at least 4 times a week for at least 6 months, subject to individual spectacle correction prescribed after the optometric examination, characterized in that in the process of training, the dynamic work of the eye muscle groups and the dynamic work of the skeletal muscle groups are combined when throwing the shuttlecock of at least three types: vertical throwing by the hand of the shuttlecock and eye movement behind the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of rotation of the eyes, vertical-horizontal throws by the hand of the shuttle and tracking the eyes of the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible angular amplitude of rotation of the eyes, throwing by hand to remove-approach the shuttle and tracking the eyes of the shuttle, reaching the maximum possible amplitude accommodation of the eyes, while the total duration of all three types of throws is at least 30 minutes. 2. The method of correction and prevention of visual impairment by exercises with badminton elements according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the three types of throws is carried out with the colors of the shuttlecock in the visible part of the spectrum, so that the difference in the wavelength of each next color from the previous one is 30 -35 nm. 3. The method of correction and prevention of visual impairment by exercises with badminton elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical throws with the hand of the shuttlecock and eye tracking for the shuttlecock are carried out in the following sequence: throws with the set hand up - catching with two hands at the level of the belt, with continuous tracking eyes behind the shuttlecock, at the same time, at least ten throws of each of two given hands are performed for a given shuttlecock color for each of the six specified shuttlecock colors: red, orange, yellow, green, combined white different, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds; throws with a given hand up - catching with a given hand at the level of the belt, with continuous tracking by the eyes of the shuttlecock, with at least ten throws of each of the two given arms for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six specified colors of the shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green , combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds. 4. The method of correction and prevention of visual impairment by exercises with badminton elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical-horizontal hand throws of the shuttlecock and eye tracking of the shuttlecock are carried out in the following sequence: throws with the set hand up - catching with the hand opposite the set at the level belt, with continuous eye tracking of the shuttlecock, with at least ten throws of each of the two given hands for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six specified colors of the shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds. 5. The method of correction and prevention of visual impairment by exercises with badminton elements according to claim 1, characterized in that the throw with a hand to remove-approach the shuttle and the eye tracking the shuttle are carried out in the following sequence: throws from the bottom up from the hip by the specified hand of one partner, catching the shuttle with two hands of the other partner, this sets the distance between partners 3.5-4.0 meters and 10 shots are made by each partner of each of the two hands for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of the six specified colors of the shuttlecock: red, ora zhevogo, yellow, green, combined white and black, blue, and the total time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds; throws over the head with the given hand of one partner and catching the shuttlecock with the given hand of the other partner, while the distance between partners is 4.0-5.0 meters and 10 throws are made by each of the partners, each of the two hands, for a given color of the shuttlecock for each of six the set colors of the shuttlecock: red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, while the total execution time of this exercise is 300-360 seconds; then throws in a circle: 12 partners are given six shuttlecocks of different colors of red, orange, yellow, green, combined white-black, blue, simultaneous throws in a circle are made to the neighboring partner, first in one given direction, then in the opposite direction for at least 120 seconds at a distance between each of the neighboring partners of 2.5-5.0 meters, while at least three approaches are taken when throwing to each of the given sides.

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