RU2648797C2 - Method and device for storing and recovering a particulate product - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in technology of storage of grain crops, mixed fodders and other bulk materials in plastic bags. Method includes sealing bag after filling bulk product and cutting bag when it is removed. On the outer surface of a sealed bag filled with a loose product, the valve is rigidly fixed. Bag is cut through valve. Slot does not extend beyond perimeter of valve. In the slot of the branch pipe a pump is inserted and a gas of the required composition is fed into the bag, temperature and humidity or remove excess gas, and then close the valve. When storing the bulk product before cutting through the bag shell, its temperature is measured in a non-contact manner. Gas supply is carried out through two or more valves, some of which are used for forced supply or removal of gas. Other valves are equipped with lids or stoppers with holes for free passage of gas. Device is made in form of a valve from a film flap with a layer of glue applied on one surface. On the other surface of the flap there is a neck with a lid or stopper, which are connected to the neck by a mechanical thread or interference. Neck can be made in form of an additional flap of film with an inner adhesive layer. Lid or plug may be made with at least two holes of a diameter not exceeding average particle size of particulate product.

EFFECT: use of the group of inventions will improve quality of storage of bulk products.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in storage technology (including maintaining a given temperature and humidity conditions, the chemical composition of the atmosphere, batch extraction) in plastic bags of cereals, legumes, granular fertilizers, animal feed and other bulk materials.

The closest analogue is a method for storing and extracting a granular product (hereinafter referred to as grain) in a plastic bag, which consists in dense packing of the grain that has previously been dried to a predetermined moisture content into a bag using a grain packing machine, see, for example, www.npomash.ru/service/ru/ am_one.htm, available on 07/19/2016, and subsequent sealing of the bag by connecting its edges. The predetermined composition of the storage atmosphere is formed as a result of the natural conservation (absorption of residual oxygen by the grain) of the grain in an airtight plastic bag. In some cases, the chemical composition of the atmosphere is also formed by the addition of tablets with a chemical reagent when laying grain in a bag.

Grain extraction in accordance with a predetermined method is carried out by cutting the bag and using a shovel or auger type grain loader, see, for example, www.tatagromash.ru/pogruzchik-zerna-pzn-250/index.html, available on 07/19/2016. In case of incomplete collection of grain from the bag at the slot, the edges of the bag are connected with improvised means, for example, tied with a rope, pinched with slats, glued with a flap of film with an adhesive layer or adhesive tape applied on the inside (the closest analogue to the device), protecting the remaining grain from atmospheric precipitation and dirt.

The disadvantages of the known method and device for storage and extraction of bulk product are the natural impossibility of ensuring the uniformity of the temperature and humidity composition of the laid grain (one bag will interfere with up to 300 tons of grain), which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the entire volume of bulk product during storage. Usually, in the future such grain is used for fodder. In addition, the existing technology is irrational for the batch extraction of bulk product - the inevitable contact with air and the oxidation of the grain when cutting through the bag make it necessary to quickly recover the entire remaining volume of bulk material.

The technical result, the achievement of which the present invention is directed, is to provide a method for storing and retrieving a granular product in plastic bags and a device based on it, which provides, in comparison with analogues, the ability to correct the temperature and humidity parameters of a granular product after it is placed in plastic bags, as well as the ability batch extraction without breaking the bag.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method for storing and removing bulk product placed in a plastic bag, including sealing the bag after laying the bulk product and cutting the bag when removing it, after laying the grain in the bag and sealing it during storage, the temperature distribution is determined remotely inside the bag, when finding the volume of grain with elevated temperature indicators, a valve is glued in this place to the bag from the outside, then a slot is made through the valve the bag’s glasses, not extending beyond the perimeter of the valve, are introduced into the bag through the valve by a pump with gas injection and / or evacuating nozzles, and the zone with elevated grain temperature indicators is eliminated in the bag either by extracting deteriorated grain by supplying a selected composition of gas, temperature and humidity , with the entrainment of the grain loosened by the gas by the vacuum pipe, the bag is sealed by removing the excess volume of gas by the vacuum pump and closing the valve, or by drying the grain by feeding an inlet of dry air with a selected composition, temperature and humidity, and a gas outlet through an additional one or more valves with caps having openings whose diameter does not exceed the average particle size of the granular product, additional valves are glued on the opposite side of the damaged grain volume, then the bag is sealed by removing excess gas volume by a vacuum pump and closing each valve with a cap without holes.

The proposed device for storing and removing bulk product placed in a plastic bag is made in the form or located on a plastic bag of a valve made of a film flap with a layer of glue applied on one surface, and on the other a neck with a lid or stopper connected to the neck with a mechanical thread or interference fit , or in the form of a valve glued on a plastic bag in a place with elevated temperature indicators, and glued on the opposite side of the damaged grain volume an additional one and more e such valves with caps or plugs equipped with openings with a diameter not exceeding the average particle size of the bulk product.

Also, the neck can be made in the form of an additional flap of film with an internal adhesive layer.

A diagram of the device and method for storing bulk product is shown in FIG. 1-4. Designations are accepted: 1 - a plastic bag; 2 - valve; 3 - pump nozzle; 4 - gas supply part of the pump; 5 - evacuating (drawing gas) part of the pump; 6 - a mouth of the valve; 7 - a cover (stopper) of the valve; 8 - valve film; 9 - a cover (stopper) of the valve with openings (membrane).

The proposed technical solution is based on the use of a special valve device (Fig. 1, 2, item 2).

The valve comprises a plastic film having a strength superior to that of a plastic bag. One surface of the film is glued to the bag, for which glue is applied to it (not shown in Fig.). A neck (Fig. 1, pos. 6) with a lid or stopper (Fig. 1, pos. 7), connected to the neck with a mechanical thread or an interference fit, is fixed on the other surface of the film. Instead of the neck, an additional layer of film can be placed (Fig. 1, item 8) with a applied layer of glue (not shown) for repeated use (peeling / gluing).

Possible design options for the lid, cork or film, in which at least two holes are made with a diameter not exceeding the average particle size of the granular product (Fig. 3, item 9).

In accordance with the proposed technical solution - the method of storage and extraction of bulk product - after laying the grain in a plastic bag and sealing, remotely, for example, with a thermal imager, determine the temperature distribution inside the bag. When finding the volume of grain with elevated temperature indicators, a valve is glued in this place to the bag from the outside (Fig. 3, 4, item 2). Next, through the valve, make a cut in the bag shell, not extending in size beyond the perimeter of the valve. This method allows local access to grain in the bag without the threat of uncontrolled rupture (creep) of the bag stretched by the grain.

The elimination in the bag of the zone with high temperature and humidity indicators is possible in two ways. On the first path, perishable grain is recovered. To do this, a pump with two coaxial nozzles is introduced into the bag through the valve - forcing gas (Fig. 4, item 4) of the selected composition, temperature and humidity, for example, dry air, and evacuating (Fig. 4, item 5). To introduce the pipe into the thickness of the grain, its outer surface is made in the form of a helical guide, or connected to a vibrator. Wet grain “loosened” by the gas of the discharge pipe is carried away by the vacuum pipe. After extracting the grain, the bag is sealed by removing excess gas with a vacuum pump and closing the valve.

On the second path, the grain is dried by supplying dry air. To do this, on the opposite side of the damaged volume of grain, an additional one or more valves with caps (plugs) equipped with small holes (membrane) are glued (Fig. 3, item 9). Into the valve (Fig. 3, pos. 2) enter the nozzle of the discharge pump. The supplied dry air freely exits through the valves with a membrane (Fig. 3, item 9). After draining the grain, the bag is sealed by removing excess gas with a vacuum pump and closing each valve with a cover (plug, film) without holes.

The proposed technical solution allows to better control the storage conditions of bulk products in plastic bags, to ensure the portioning of the extraction or even addition of the stored substance, as a result, to improve the efficiency-cost indicator for the technology used.

Claims (3)

1. The method of storage and removal of bulk product placed in a plastic bag, comprising sealing the bag after laying the bulk product and cutting the bag when removing it, characterized in that after laying the grain in the bag and sealing it during storage, the temperature distribution inside the bag is remotely determined, when finding the volume of grain with elevated temperature indicators, a valve is glued in this place on the bag from the outside, then through the valve a cut of the bag shell is made, which does not go beyond the size a meter of the valve, moreover, the elimination in the bag of the zone with elevated temperature parameters of the grain is carried out either by removing the deteriorating grain by supplying the selected composition, temperature and humidity with the discharge pipe of gas, with the entrainment of the grain being loosened by the vacuum pipe, then the bag is sealed by removing the excess gas volume by the vacuum pump and closing the valve or by drying the grain by supplying with a discharge gas pipe a selected composition, temperature and humidity, and the gas outlet through additional one or more valve covers having holes whose diameter is less than the average size of the bulk product particles, the additional flaps glued on the opposite side of the damaged grain volume, then the bag is sealed by removing excess volume of gas evacuating pump and the closing of each valve cap without apertures. 2. The device for storing and removing bulk product placed in a plastic bag according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form or located on a plastic bag of the valve from a film flap with a layer of glue applied on one surface, and the neck with a lid on the other or cork, connected to the neck with a mechanical thread or interference fit, or in the form of a valve glued on a plastic bag in a place with high temperature indicators, and glued on the opposite side from the damaged grain volume to olnitelno one or more such valves with caps or plugs provided with openings having a diameter not exceeding an average particle size particulate product. 3. The device for storing and removing bulk product according to claim 2, characterized in that the neck is made in the form of an additional flap of film with an internal adhesive layer.

Images