RU2645567C1 - Process and storm waste water treatment station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: process and storm waste water treatment station includes a flotation plant connected by the system of pipelines, a unit for preparing and dosing flocculant solution, a unit for preparing and dosing coagulant solution, saturator, decanter, UV disinfection plant, five-stage filtration unit, a unit for preparing and dosing sodium hypochlorite solution connected to the pipeline, feeding drain water to the inlet of the five-stage filtration unit for supplying sodium hypochlorite to the inlet of the first stage of filters, or the second stage of filters, or the fourth stage of filters, a unit for water washing of filters, a unit for alkaline washing of filters connected to the five-stage filtering unit for washing at least, the first, the second and the third filter stages, a unit for preparation and dosing of alkali neutralisation solution connected to the pipeline supplying the alkaline flushing water from the five-stage filtration unit to the beginning of the treatment cycle.

EFFECT: increased filter service life of the five-stage filtration unit.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Scope of the invention

The invention relates to the field of treatment facilities, namely, treatment plants for industrial rainwater wastewater (SOPDSV), intended for the processing of incoming rainwater and melt wastewater, industrial waters to standards that meet sanitary and hygienic requirements for the discharge of pollutants into fishery bodies or use for your own needs in accordance with applicable law. The inventive SOPDSV is intended, in particular, for the treatment of rain and melt water from the square of the tank farm; a rack of tanks - storage tanks and tanks for static sludge of industrial rainwater and pavement; industrial wastewater from technological and auxiliary sites and structures, including laboratories; water generated during hydraulic testing and pressure testing of tanks; water generated during testing of the tank irrigation system and from cooling the tanks in case of fire; water from the boiler room; water from sludge dewatering station; water from washing filters of a plant for treatment of industrial rainwater; water containing foam generated during training fire fighting.

State of the art

A known system for treating wastewater from petroleum products, mainly wastewater from thermal power plants, containing a sump, flotator, a tank for collecting petroleum products, first and second filters with sorption loading, which is technologically connected with each other, while the tank for collecting petroleum products is connected to a sump and a flotator, characterized in that it is equipped with a storage tank for dry sludge of chemical water treatment connected to the first and second filters with sorption loading, for which dry sludge of chemical water treatment is used, for expeirmen- with the possibility of flushing, the waste sludge is disposed of by co demineralizer combustion auxiliary fuel thermal power station (RU Patent No. 117420 U1, publication date 27.06.2012).

The disadvantage of the wastewater treatment system is that there is no possibility of alkaline washing of the filters in order to prevent sticking (passivation) of materials loaded with particles of oil products (passivation).

Known wastewater treatment and disposal station, which contains a grate, a sand trap, a reactor, a sump, a booster pump, a first filter, an ejector, an ozonizer, a saturator, a flotator, a reagent dispenser, a second filter, a washing pump, a purified water tank, a hydraulic monitor system for washing the first filter , a hydraulic monitor flushing system for the second filter, pressure sensors, a tray for the removal of foam, a crane with a float actuator, electrified valves, position sensors for electrified valves, pipelines, sludge pipe, hered grating, a reflector and a control unit (patent RU 2183595 C1, publication date 20.06.2002).

The disadvantage of the wastewater treatment and disposal station is that it is not possible to pre-chlorinate the filters in order to prevent biofouling of the filter components.

A well-known deep sewage treatment plant, which contains a grate, a sand trap, a sand pad, a reactor, a settling tank, a first booster pump, a first ejector, a first saturator, a source of technical oxygen, a first concentrator of residual dissolved oxygen in wastewater, a first driver, a first comparator device, first servo drive, first valve, second booster pump, second ejector, second saturator, pressure flotator, reagent dispenser, second residual concentration meter of dissolved oxygen in wastewater, a second driver, a second comparison device, a second servo drive, a second valve, a filter, retaining grids, a water filter washing system, a washing pump, a washing water storage tank, a float-operated valve, a bactericidal unit, a tray for collecting foam, pressure sensors, electrified valves, position sensors for electrified valves, pipelines, sludge pipe and control unit (patent RU 2184709 C1, publication date 10.07.2002).

The disadvantage of a deep wastewater treatment plant is the low filter service life, since it is not possible to pre-chlorinate the filters and rinse the filters with an alkaline solution.

The implementation of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is the creation of a plant for treating industrial and rain wastewater with an increased filter resource of the filtration unit.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is to increase the service life of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit by pre-chlorinating all or several stages of the filters in order to prevent biofouling of the filter components and rinsing the first three stages of the five-stage filter with an alkaline solution in order to prevent the materials from loading with oil particles ( passivation).

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the wastewater treatment plant includes a flotation unit connected by a piping system, a flocculant solution preparation and batching unit, a coagulant solution preparation and batching unit, a saturator, a decanter, a UV disinfection unit, a five-stage unit filtration unit for the preparation and batching of sodium hypochlorite solution connected to a pipeline supplying waste water to the inlet of the unit with a five-stage filter with the possibility of supplying sodium hypochlorite to the inlet of the first filter stage, or the second filter stage, or the fourth filter stage, a water filter washing unit, an alkaline filter washing unit connected to a five-stage filtration unit with the possibility of washing at least the first, second and the third stage of the filters, the unit for preparing and dosing the alkali neutralization solution, connected to the pipeline supplying alkaline washing water from the five-stage filtration unit to the beginning of the cleaning cycle.

In addition, in the particular case of the invention, the five-stage filtration unit consists of one (first) stage of a mechanical filter with two-layer loading, two (second and third) stages of filters with filter-sorption loading and two (fourth and fifth) stages of filters with activated carbon loading .

In addition, in the particular case of the invention, the UV disinfection unit includes a chemical cleaning unit.

In addition, in the particular case of the invention, tap water was supplied to the block for the preparation and batching of flocculant solutions, the block for the preparation and batching of coagulant, the block for the preparation and batching of sodium hypochlorite solution, the block for alkaline washing, the block for washing filters, and the block for the preparation and batching of alkali neutralization solution.

In addition, in the particular case of the invention, an active chlorine sensor is installed at the output of the fifth stage of the five-stage filtration unit.

In addition, in the particular case of the invention, an active chlorine sensor is installed at the inlet of the second stage of the filters.

Information confirming the implementation of the invention

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a sewage treatment plant, in which the positions indicated:

1 - station for the treatment of industrial rainwater wastewater (SOPDSV);

2 - block preparation and dosing of a coagulant solution;

3 - block preparation and dosing of flocculant solution;

4 - flotation unit;

5 - saturator;

5.1 - centrifugal pump;

6 - decanter;

7 - block five-stage filtration;

8 - block preparation and dosing of a solution of sodium hypochlorite;

9 - installation of UV disinfection;

10 - block alkaline washing filters;

11 - block water washing filters;

11.1, 11.2, 11.3 - flow meters;

12 - block preparation and dosing of a solution to neutralize alkali;

13 - sewage pumping station (SPS) of the settled sewage;

14 - a collection of caught oil;

15 - wet well;

16 - intermediate capacity;

17 - an intermediate pump;

18 - pipeline for the supply of tap water.

Industrial rainwater wastewater treatment plant (SOPDSV) includes a coagulant solution preparation and dosing unit 2, flocculant solution preparation and dosing unit 3, flotation unit 4, saturator 5, decanter 6, five-stage filtration unit 7 connected by technological pipelines with shutoff valves , block 8 for preparing and dosing a solution of sodium hypochlorite, installation 9 for UV disinfection, block 10 for alkaline washing of filters, block 11 for water washing of filters, block 12 for preparing and dosing p solution to neutralize alkali.

The coagulant preparation and dosing unit 2 includes a solution-supply tank with a volume of preferably 200 liters with an electric stirrer and a metering pump (not shown).

The flocculant solution preparation and batching unit 3 includes a solution-supply tank with a volume of preferably 1000 liters with an electric stirrer and a metering pump (not shown). Water is supplied to the tank with a pump (not shown), through a funnel (not shown in the drawings), a weighed portion of the flocculant is gradually poured and mixed until it dissolves approximately within 12 hours.

Block 7 of a five-stage filtration consists of one (first) stage of mechanical filtration on pressure filters with a two-layer loading, which is expedient to use hydroanthracite, two (second, third) stages of filters with a filter sorption loading, which is advisable to use natural zeolite, and two (fourth, fifth) stages with activated carbon.

Unit 8 for preparing and dosing a solution of sodium hypochlorite, intended for preliminary chlorination of the filter steps of unit 5 of a five-stage filtration, includes a solution-flow tank, an electric stirrer and a metering pump (not shown). A commodity solution of sodium hypochlorite, preferably of a concentration of 190 g / l, is supplied to the tank by a barrel pump from commercial packaging (not shown). Block 8 is connected to a pipeline supplying wastewater to the inlet of block 5 of five-stage filtration, with the possibility of supplying sodium hypochlorite to the inlet of the first stage of filters, or the second stage of filters, or the fourth stage of filters is connected to the input of block 8 of five-stage filtration.

UV disinfection unit 9 includes a photochemical reactor with ultraviolet lamps (not shown), an ultrasonic emitter (not shown) that increases the efficiency of the installation, a washing unit (not shown), designed to flush the disinfection chamber, a control cabinet (not shown), designed to control and control the operation of the installation, power and control the operation of ultraviolet lamps, as well as to control the washing unit (not shown). For the disinfection of incoming wastewater, a biologically active region of the UV radiation spectrum with a wavelength from 205 to 315 nm is used. Water disinfection in the installation 9 occurs due to exposure to microorganisms bactericidal UV radiation with a wavelength of 254 nm. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a photochemical reactor (not shown) consists of a sealed housing having threaded nozzles for water inlet and outlet (not shown). A UV radiation assembly is disposed along the axis of the housing, including a UV lamp in a protective quartz tube that is permeable to ultraviolet radiation (not shown).

The alkaline filter washing unit 10 consists of a tank for alkali solution, a stirrer and a metering pump (not shown). The alkaline filter washing unit 10 is connected to a five-stage filtration unit 7 with the possibility of washing at least the first, second and third stage of the filters to regenerate the loading of the above filters in order to prevent sticking of the loading components and to extend the service life of the filter loading components.

The water filter washing unit 11 connected to the alkaline washing unit 10 includes a washing water tank, a washing pump, and a compressor (not shown). A flow meter 11.1 is provided on the pressure line of the pump supply to control the volume and flow rate of water supplied to the washing of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7.

The block 12 for preparing and dispensing a solution for neutralizing alkali includes a container for a working solution of hydrochloric acid, a metering pump and an electric stirrer (not shown). As a neutralizing agent, a 14% hydrochloric acid solution is used. The supply of a marketable 14% hydrochloric acid solution to the tank for the working solution is carried out using a barrel pump from a marketable container (not shown). Block 12 is connected to a pipeline supplying alkaline washing water from block 8 of a five-stage filtration to the beginning of the cleaning cycle.

To block 2 of preparation and dosing of flocculant solutions, block 4 of preparation and dosing of coagulant, block 8 of preparation and dosing of sodium hypochlorite solution, block 10 of alkaline washing, block 11 of washing filters, block 12 of preparation and dosing of alkali neutralization solution, tap water was supplied through pipeline 18 according to the permanent scheme.

Station treatment of industrial rainwater wastewater operates as follows.

After tanks of static sludge (not shown), clarified wastewater enters 13 sewage pumped sewage station (SPS) and then pumps (not shown) with a flow rate, preferably 10 m ³ / h, are supplied to SOPDSV 1.

In pressure mode, sewage is pumped (not shown) to flotation unit 4 after preliminary reagent treatment with flocculant solutions.

Water for preparing the coagulant solution is supplied to the supply tank of the block 2 for preparing and dosing the coagulant solution with a pump from the jet fracture tank (not shown), which is filled with tap water from the pipe 18 through an electric valve (not shown).

The coagulant solution, preferably with a concentration of 10%, is fed directly into the pipeline in front of the mixing chamber (not shown) by a metering pump (not shown) in proportion to the readings of the flow meter 11.2 installed at the input of SOPDSV 1.

The flocculant solution, preferably with a concentration of 0.1%, is also fed directly into the pipeline in front of the mixing chamber by the metering pump (not shown) in proportion to the readings of the flow meter 11.2 installed at the input of SOPDSV 1.

Next, the wastewater, mixed with the coagulant solution, enters the flocculation chamber (not shown) of the flotation unit 4, where the flocculant solution is supplied from the unit 3 for preparing and dosing the flocculant solution. The wastewater leaving the flocculation chamber in the flotation chambers of the flotation unit 4 is mixed with the air-water mixture coming from the saturator 5, the water supply to which is carried out by a centrifugal pump 5.1. At the same time, pollution particles are fixed on air bubbles. Pop-up bubbles remove contaminants from the liquid, concentrating them in the form of foam on the surface of the water in the structure. Next, the wastewater, passing the air separation chamber (not shown) of the flotation unit 4, enters the clarification chamber (not shown), where it is separated by sedimentation of the remaining aggregated pollution particles. The foam formed in the flotation chamber is removed by a mechanical scraper in the foam collection tray and then into the decanter 6.

In decanter 6, the flotopene is divided into three streams. Pop-up oil products are discharged into the collection tank 14 of the caught oil, precipitated contaminants are discharged into the wet well 15, water is sent to the beginning of the cleaning cycle.

After flotation unit 4, the wastewater enters the intermediate tank 16 and then the intermediate pumps 17 are fed into the unit 8 of a five-stage filtration. In order to prevent biofouling of the load of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7, preliminary chlorination of the wastewater provided to the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7 is provided by dosing a commodity sodium hypochlorite solution from the preparation unit 8 and dosing the sodium hypochlorite solution into the pipeline supplying the wastewater to the inlet of the unit 7. In this case, three dosing points for sodium hypochlorite can be provided: 1) in front of the mixing chamber (not shown) installed in front of the first stage iltrov for periodic sequential chlorination of all five stages of filters; 2) in front of the mixing chamber (not shown) installed in front of the second stage of the filters; 3) in front of the mixing chamber (not shown) installed in front of the fourth stage of the filters. The choice of the point of dosing of sodium hypochlorite is carried out by the operator. The sodium hypochlorite solution is supplied directly to the pipeline in front of the corresponding mixing chamber by the metering pump in proportion to the readings of the active chlorine sensor (not shown in the drawings) installed after the mixing chamber of the second stage of the filters. Dosing of sodium hypochlorite solution in front of the mixing chambers of the second stage of the filters (zeolite filter) and the fourth stage of the filters (carbon filter) is provided in case of insufficient purification of ammonia nitrogen on the filters with zeolite loading.

Since the treated wastewater is discharged into a fishery reservoir, an active chlorine sensor (not shown) is installed at the exit of the fifth stage of the five-stage filtration unit 7, which is used to monitor the content of active chlorine on the filtrate line. If the set value of the chlorine content is exceeded, an automation system (not shown) provides a signal to the treatment plant operator and blocks the operation of unit 8 for the preparation and dosing of sodium hypochlorite.

As you filter, the loading of the filters of the first, second and third stages of the five-stage filtration unit 7 becomes contaminated. To restore the filtering ability of the filters, the first three stages are periodically washed with purified water from the filter water washing unit 11. In addition, due to the presence of hydrocarbon particles in the treated wastewater, there is passivation (gluing) of the filter layers of the first three filter stages of the five-stage filtration unit 7, which reduces their filtering ability. In order to regenerate the filter load in order to extend the service life, the first three filter stages are washed with an alkaline solution supplied to the input of the five-stage filtration unit 7 from the alkaline washing unit 10. The alkaline washing mode of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7 is carried out by the operator in manual mode after completion of the usual water washing. The frequency of alkaline washes of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7, as well as their modes for each filter, is determined empirically during the operation of SOPDSV, but not less than four alkaline washes per year. A commercial alkali solution, preferably with a concentration of 18-19%, is supplied in the required quantity to the tank (not shown) of the alkaline washing unit 10 with a barrel pump (not shown) from a commercial packaging (not shown) and diluted with household water to a working concentration of at least 0.5 % The alkaline washing of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7 includes the following stages: filling the corresponding filter with an alkaline solution; soaking the filter load in an alkali solution for 0.5-2 hours; washing the filter load from the alkali solution.

The washing of the filter load from the alkali solution is carried out by a pump (not shown) from the tank (not shown) of the water filter washing unit 11.

If necessary, the capacity of the block 11 water washing the filters is filled with household water in manual mode.

After block 7 of the five-stage filtration, the wastewater enters the UV disinfection unit 9. After disinfection, wastewater according to microbiological and parasitological indicators meets the requirements for water bodies of fishery.

To neutralize the wastewater resulting from alkaline washes of the filters of the five-stage filtration unit 7, which are fed to the start of the cleaning cycle, a solution for neutralizing the alkali is supplied from the block 12 for preparing and dosing the alkali to the pipeline 18.1 of the alkali neutralization solution, which is advisable to use a 14% solution hydrochloric or sulfuric acid.

The purified water after the UV disinfection unit 9, which meets the requirements for water of fishery reservoirs, is sent to the sewage pumping station (SPS) 19 of the treated wastewater, the field of which is the discharge of treated wastewater.

The washing water of block 7 of the five-stage filter, clarified water after decanter 6, overflow water and water from blocks 3, 2 of preparation and batching of solutions through a gravity flow network are at the beginning of the cleaning cycle.

Claims (6)

1. A rainwater treatment plant, including a flotation unit connected by a piping system, a flocculant solution preparation and batching unit, a coagulant solution preparation and batching unit, a saturator, a decanter, a UV disinfection unit, a five-stage filtration unit, a preparation and batching unit sodium hypochlorite solution connected to the pipeline supplying waste water to the inlet of the five-stage filtration unit with the possibility of supplying sodium hypochlorite to the inlet first the first filter stage, or the second filter stage, or the fourth filter stage, a water filter washing unit, an alkaline filter washing unit connected to a five-stage filtering unit with the possibility of washing at least the first, second and third filter stages, a preparation and dosing unit alkali neutralization solution connected to a pipeline supplying alkaline washing water from the five-stage filtration unit to the beginning of the cleaning cycle. 2. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the five-stage filtration unit consists of one (first) stage of a mechanical filter with two-layer loading, two (second and third) stages of filters with filtering and sorption loading and two (fourth and fifth) stages of filters with activated carbon loading. 3. The station under item 1, characterized in that the installation of UV-disinfection includes a chemical cleaning unit. 4. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for preparing and dosing flocculant solutions, the unit for preparing and dosing coagulant, the unit for preparing and dosing sodium hypochlorite solution, the alkaline washing unit, the water washing unit for filters, the unit for preparing and dosing the alkali neutralization solution tap water was supplied. 5. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that an active chlorine sensor is installed at the output of the fifth stage of the five-stage filtration unit. 6. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that an active chlorine sensor is installed at the input of the second stage of the filters.

Images