RU2644849C2 - Latex napkin for rubberdam system and method for marking of latex napkin for rubberdam system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: latex napkin for the Rubberdam system contains a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding rigid container is made, and a flat latex board for mounting on a frame having a smooth and opaque surface and perforated with at least one hole under for patient's teeth. The method of marking of the latex napkin for the Rubberdam system is characterized by latex napkin stretching on a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding rigid retainer is formed, and board perforating for the patient's teeth with at least one opening. The versions of the latex napkin and the versions of the corresponding method for its marking differ from each other in that the location of each opening is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including the board diagonals, and the orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines oriented along the side of the frame and the retainers and slanted lines embedded between them, selected from the corresponding group of lines.

EFFECT: inventions allow to significantly shorten the time for latex napkin preparation for installation on the operating field, to provide an optimal arrangement of clamps and to simplify distribution of the openings for fitting onto the patient's teeth in accordance with the existing clinical situation.

36 cl, 32 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of dentistry, in particular to assistive devices that are used in the treatment of teeth to separate the teeth undergoing treatment from the rest of the oral cavity. Until recently, for this purpose, a hole was cut in the elastic panel into which the tooth being treated was inserted so that the edge of the hole in the rubber rested on the hard part of the tooth and the rubber covered the gums, and the upper part of the tooth could be treated.

The modern level of outpatient dental care requires saving time on clinical admission and reliably protecting the patient from aspiration of foreign objects and substances when performing medical work (manipulations) of any complexity.

The use of the “Rabber Dam” system ensures, in particular, preservation of the patient’s swallowing function and easy saliva evacuation using a saliva ejector; optimal protection of the surgical field from saliva and moisture condensation during breathing; reliable protection of the patient against the possible entry of foreign bodies into his respiratory tract and esophagus, as well as from accidental damage to the instrument; focusing on the surgical field; doctor's protection against airborne infection; creating an additional barrier to HIV infection and hepatitis. As a rule, indications for the use of "Rabber Dam" are comprehensive professional hygiene and preventive measures associated with the use of polishing pastes and sandblasting machines; professional teeth whitening; endodontic treatment; direct adhesive restorations in the oral cavity; fixation of indirect restorations (tabs, linings, etc.).

The prior art in this area is characterized by information sources: RU 2319471, US 1579608, US 5931673, US 7044738, US 2004/0029073, US 2004/0126739, US 2004/0170945, GB 2471904, CN 203462434, KR 20130110415, WO 00/24334, WO 02/080802, WO 2004/091421, “Rabberdam” http: dental-higiene.ru, N.A. Yudina et al. System for isolating the working field in dentistry. Minsk, BelMAPO, 2009, S.A. Kutyaev. Rabberdam in clinical practice. "Practical medicine." 2010, Moscow.

According to the source of information S.A. Kutyaev. Rabberdam in clinical practice. "Practical medicine." 2010, Moscow, “holes break through the quadrants”

The difficulty of using this method lies in the choice of the optimal location of the holes on the latex cloth and the appropriate distance between the holes even if you use generally accepted templates that are widely known from available publications, for example, on the Internet sites (http://www.pharmapost.su /shop/UID_15045.html).

Known patterns give very approximate contours for placing holes and do not allow you to quickly and accurately select their optimal location for any clinical situation.

The technical task of the group of inventions is to eliminate these drawbacks by creating an effective and up-to-date level of outpatient dental care latex scarf for the Rabberdam system and an anatomically sound method of marking it for both the upper and lower jaw, as well as expanding the arsenal of latex scarves for the Rabberdam system and ways to mark latex shawls for the Rabberdam system.

The technical result that provides a solution to the problem in relation to the latex scarf for the Rabberdam system and the method for marking it, connected by the unity of the inventive concept, consists in simplifying the design of the scarf, reducing labor costs and increasing the anatomical adaptability of the marking by reducing the equipment used, in particular, the exclusion from the composition of the used equipment layout templates. The system of proportions and geometric landmarks on the area of the latex shawl is optimal when using the claimed inventions, since it provides a fairly accurate adaptation of the Rabberdam isolation system to the real individual characteristics of almost every patient, taking into account the various conditions varying from the stage of treatment in the oral cavity, ensuring the stability of anchor steel Clamps.

The essence of the invention in terms of latex scarf is that the latex scarf for the Rabberdam system contains a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and a flat latex panel for installation on the frame having a smooth and matte finish surface and made perforated with at least one hole for the patient’s teeth, and the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including the diagonals of the panel, as well as the rectilinear orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines oriented along the position of the sides of the frame and the retainers and the inclined lines built between them:

- the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel;

- the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers;

- the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers;

- the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers;

- the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame;

- the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame;

- the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer;

- the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer;

- the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer;

- the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame;

and holes for single teeth of the upper or lower jaw (premolars and canines of the upper and lower jaw of the right and left side) are made at the intersection of the diagonals, or at one of the intersections of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines, or at one of the intersections of the third and fourth vertical lines with third and fourth horizontal lines,

holes for two or more teeth of the upper jaw are made on at least one inclined line from the group:

- the first inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the second inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- a third inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the fourth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- the fifth inclined line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines;

- the sixth inclined line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines;

and holes for two or more teeth of the lower jaw are made on at least one inclined line from the group:

- the seventh inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the eighth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- the ninth oblique line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the tenth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- the eleventh oblique line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines;

- the twelfth oblique line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines;

- the thirteenth oblique line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the left median retainer;

- the fourteenth inclined line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the right median retainer;

at the same time, at the intersection of the diagonals in the zone of radius 1 cm, no more than one hole is made, at the intersection of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines in the zone of radius 1 cm, no more than one hole is made, at the intersection of the second and fourth vertical lines no more than three holes are made with the third and fourth horizontal lines in the zone of radius 1 cm, along the first and second inclined lines between the points of intersection with the second and fourth horizontal lines no more than six holes, along the third and fourth inclined lines between the points of intersection with the second and third horizontal lines, no more than three holes are made, along the fifth and sixth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the first and second inclined lines, no more than six holes, along the seventh and eighth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the third and fifth horizontal lines, no more than six holes are made, along the ninth and tenth inclined lines between the points of their intersection With the fourth and fifth horizontal lines, no more than three holes are made, along the eleventh and twelfth oblique lines between the points of their intersection with the second and fourth vertical lines, no more than six holes are made, along the thirteenth and fourteenth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the seventh and the eighth inclined lines made no more than six holes.

Preferably, the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines, and the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. Moreover, sections of inclined lines can be approximated by inscribed smooth curves. In special cases of implementation, the frame is equipped with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers, the frame is made of metal from a round bar.

The essence of the invention in terms of the method of marking the latex shawl for the Rabberdam system is that they stretch the latex shawl panel on a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and perforate the sheet under the patient’s teeth, at least at least one hole, and the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as oriented by position The sides of the frame and the retainers are rectilinear orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and inclined lines built between them:

- the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel;

- the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers;

- the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers;

- the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers;

- the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame;

- the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame;

- the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer;

- the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer;

- the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer;

- the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame;

moreover, holes for single teeth of the upper or lower jaw: premolars and canines of the upper and lower jaw of the right and left sides are made with a punch at the intersection of the diagonals, or at one of the intersections of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines, or at one of the intersections of the third and fourth vertical lines with third and fourth horizontal lines,

holes for two or more teeth of the upper jaw are performed with a punch on at least one inclined line from the group:

- the first inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the second inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- a third inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the fourth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- the fifth inclined line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines;

- the sixth inclined line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines;

and holes for two or more teeth of the lower jaw are made with a punch on at least one inclined line from the group:

- the seventh inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the eighth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- the ninth oblique line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines;

- the tenth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines;

- the eleventh oblique line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines;

- the twelfth oblique line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines;

- the thirteenth oblique line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the left median retainer;

- the fourteenth inclined line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the right median retainer;

at the same time, at the intersection of the diagonals in the zone of radius 1 cm, no more than one hole is made, at the intersection of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines in the zone of radius 1 cm, no more than one hole is made, at the intersection of the second and fourth vertical lines no more than three holes are made with the third and fourth horizontal lines in the zone of radius 1 cm, along the first and second inclined lines between the points of intersection with the second and fourth horizontal lines no more than six holes, along the third and fourth inclined lines between the points of intersection with the second and third horizontal lines, no more than three holes are made, along the fifth and sixth inclined lines between the points of intersection with the first and second inclined lines, no more than six holes, along the seventh and eighth oblique lines between the points of their intersection with the third and fifth horizontal lines, make no more than six holes, along the ninth and tenth oblique lines between the points of their intersection With the fourth and fifth horizontal lines, no more than three holes are made, along the eleventh and twelfth oblique lines between the points of their intersection with the second and fourth vertical lines, no more than six holes are made, along the thirteenth and fourteenth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the seventh and the eighth inclined lines make no more than six holes.

Preferably, the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are made in the rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines, and the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are made in the rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines.

The sections of inclined lines can be approximated by inscribed smooth curves.

In special cases, implementations use a frame with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers, and also use a metal frame from a round bar.

The list of drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram for determining a point for perforating a latex shawl to isolate a single tooth, FIG. 2 shows alternative topographic landmarks for perforating a latex shawl to isolate a single tooth, FIG. 3 - zoning of the area of the scarf inside the steel frame for marking under the insulation of the teeth of the upper or lower jaw, FIG. 4 is a diagram of the perforations for the teeth of the lower jaw; 5 is a modification of the marking to isolate one or a group of teeth in the lateral sections of the dentition of the upper and lower jaw, in FIG. 6 is a projection of the contours of crowns of premolars and canines of the upper and lower jaw of the right and left side, in FIG. 7 - the direction of the perforations to isolate the lateral group of teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 8 is a projection of the contours of the crowns of the lateral group of teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 9 is a projection of the contours of the crowns of the lateral group of teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 10 is a direction for performing a series of perforations to isolate the frontal group of upper teeth, in FIG. 11 is a projection of the contours of the crowns of the frontal group of teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 12 - marking for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars, premolars, front teeth of the canine and maxillary incisors on the right to the counter-lateral canine on the left. In FIG. 13 is a projection of the contours of crowns when marking a scarf for extended isolation of a group of teeth of molars, premolars and a group of front teeth of the canine and maxillary incisors on the right to the counter-lateral canine on the left, in FIG. 14 - marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars, premolars and the group of front teeth of the canine and maxillary incisors on the left to the contralateral canine on the right, in FIG. 15 is a projection of the contours of crowns when marking a scarf for extended isolation of a group of teeth of molars, premolars, and a group of front teeth of the canine and maxillary incisors on the left to the counter-lateral canine on the right, in FIG. 16 - marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 17 is a projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 18 is a simplified marking of a scarf for total or partial isolation of the teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 19 is a projection of the contours of the crowns with simplified marking of the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the upper jaw, in FIG. 20 is a direction for performing a series of perforations for isolating the lateral group of teeth of the lower jaw of the left or right side, in FIG. 21 is a projection of the contours of the crowns of the lateral group of teeth of the lower jaw of the left or right side and their relative position for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns, in FIG. 22 is a projection of the contours of the crowns of the premolars and canines of the lower jaw of the left or right side and their relative position with the described points 3, 4 for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns, in FIG. 23 is a direction for performing a series of perforations for isolating the frontal group of teeth of the lower jaw, in FIG. 24 is a projection of the contours of the crowns of the frontal group of teeth of the lower jaw and their relative position to postpone uniform segments from them to isolate the crowns of the teeth, in FIG. 25 is a marking of a scarf for extended isolation of a group of teeth of molars, premolars, and a group of frontal teeth of the canine and lower incisor teeth on the left to the counter-lateral canine on the right, in FIG. 26 is a projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars, premolars and the group of front teeth of the canine and lower incisors on the right to the counter-lateral canine on the left, in FIG. 27 - marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars, premolars, and the group of front teeth of the canine and the incisors of the lower jaw on the left to the contralateral canine on the right, in FIG. 28 is a projection of the contours of crowns when marking a scarf for extended isolation of a group of teeth of molars, premolars and a group of front teeth of the canine and lower incisors on the right to the counter-lateral canine on the left, in FIG. 29 - marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw, in FIG. 30 is a projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw, in FIG. 31 is a simplified marking of a scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw, in FIG. 32 is a projection of the contours of the crowns with simplified marking of the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw.

The drawings show the following elements. U-shaped frame, the diagonals of which connect the corners B, F and B ¹ , F ^{1 of the} frame - Fig. 1. The first horizontal line B-B ¹ connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel (upper side of the frame) - FIG. 1-32. The second horizontal line CC ¹ connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers - FIG. 3, 7-18. The third horizontal line DD ¹ connecting the right and left median lateral side retainers - FIG. 2, 4-9, 20-32. The fourth horizontal line E-E ¹ connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers - FIG. 2, 3, 5-9, 12-30. The fifth horizontal line FF ¹ connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame (lower side of the frame according to the drawings) - FIG. 1-32. The first vertical line BF connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame (left side of the frame) - FIG. 1-32. The second vertical line GG ¹ in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer - Fig. 5-32. The third vertical line AA ¹ in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from its lower middle retainer - Fig. 2, 5-32. The fourth vertical line HH ¹ in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer - Fig. 5-32 The fifth vertical line B ¹ -F ¹ connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame (right side of the frame) - FIG. 1-32. The first inclined line 4-J drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines - FIG. 7, 12. The second inclined line 3-J ¹ drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines - FIG. 7, 12. The third inclined line 1-J drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines - FIG. 9. The fourth inclined line 2-J ¹ drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines - FIG. 9. The fifth inclined line D-2, drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines - FIG. 10, 12, 13. The sixth inclined line 2-D ¹ , drawn from the right middle retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines - Fig. 10, 12, 13. The seventh inclined line 1-I, drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines - FIG. 20, 21, 25-30. The eighth inclined line 2-I ¹ drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines - FIG. 20, 21, 25-30. The ninth oblique line 4-I, drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines - FIG. 22. The tenth inclined line 3-I ¹ drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines - FIG. 22. The eleventh oblique line D-2, drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines — FIG. 23. The twelfth inclined line D ¹ -2, drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines - Fig. 23. The thirteenth inclined line EA ¹ connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the left median retainer - FIG. 25-30. The fourteenth inclined line E ¹ -A ¹ connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the right median retainer. - FIG. 25-30.

In this case, to perform perforations intended for the teeth of the upper jaw, holes should be located in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines (С-С ¹ and Е-Е ¹ ), to perform perforations intended for teeth of the lower jaw, holes should be located in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines (DD ¹ and FF ¹ ). In particular cases of implementation, sections of inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. The frame may be provided with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. Preferably, the frame is made of metal (steel), from a bar of circular cross section.

Depending on the manufacture of the latex scarf for the upper or lower jaw, and in accordance with the clinical situation, perforations use diagonals or orthogonal lines.

Holes for single teeth of the upper or lower jaw (premolars and canines of the upper and lower jaw of the right and left side) are made at the intersection of the diagonals in a zone of radius 1 cm, no more than one hole is made, as shown in FIG. 1. At the intersection of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines in a zone of radius 1 cm, no more than one hole is made, as shown in FIG. 2. At the intersection of the second and fourth vertical lines with the third and fourth horizontal lines in a zone of radius 1 cm, no more than three holes are made, as shown in FIG. 6.

At least two oblique lines are used for perforation, depending on the manufacture of the latex scarf for the upper or lower jaw and in accordance with the clinical situation.

Holes for two or more teeth of the upper jaw are made along at least one oblique line from the first to the sixth groups.

Along the first and second inclined lines between the intersection points with the second and fourth horizontal lines, no more than six holes are made, as shown in FIG. 8, 13, 15, 17, 19. Along the third and fourth inclined lines between the intersection points with the second and third horizontal lines, no more than three holes are made, as shown in FIG. 9. Along the fifth and sixth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the first and second inclined lines, no more than six holes are made, as shown in FIG. 11, 13, 15, 17, 19.

Holes for two or more teeth of the lower jaw are made along at least one oblique line from the seventh to fourteenth groups.

Along the seventh and eighth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the third and fifth horizontal lines, no more than six holes are made, as shown in FIG. 21, 26, 28, 30. Along the ninth and tenth inclined lines between the points of intersection with the fourth and fifth horizontal lines, no more than three holes are made, as shown in FIG. 22. Along the eleventh and twelfth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the second and fourth vertical lines, no more than six holes are made, as shown in FIG. 24. Along the thirteenth and fourteenth inclined lines between the points of their intersection with the seventh and eighth inclined lines, no more than six holes are made, as shown in FIG. 26, 28, 30. All holes are punched into the panel (curtain) using a punch made with the possibility of choosing the diameter of the hole.

For high-quality fastening of the latex curtain to the anchor tooth, special steel clamps are used - clamps. To apply clamps, use special forceps. They are made of stainless steel and are suitable for repeated sterilization.

The manufacture of the inventive latex scarf and the implementation of the method of marking is as follows.

The blade of the latex shawl, preferably 0.18 mm thick, is mounted on the frame with a slight interference fit, which ensures its fixation on the retainers. The blade for implementing this group of inventions has a smooth and matte surface. The smooth side faces the patient and provides glide on the surface of the isolated teeth. The matte side is facing the doctor, it does not shine from the dental shadowless lamp. The U-shaped frame (U-shaped implies the presence of three conditionally rectilinear sides, which in practice may have some curvature) is made of metal or plastic and is designed to stretch the canvas in the form of a screen covering the surgical field. A metal frame is preferable, as it is more durable, reliable and can be subjected to repeated sterilization.

The latex cloth stretched over the frame (shawl, veil) is quickly marked on the smooth or matte side by a doctor or auxiliary personnel by directly applying horizontal, vertical and inclined lines with a marker, writing pen or other instrument, the coordinates of the holes are determined relative to these lines and holes are made in it with a perforator. As a rule, for applying holes on the latex panel, a punch (perforator) is used, consisting of a rotating disk and an anvil with at least five holes (for teeth of various sizes).

Marking can also be done in advance if it is convenient for the dentist.

In any case, the proposed markup takes into account the general anatomy of the oral cavity and the individual structure of the jaws of a person to a much greater extent than those known from the prior art, for example, from the above analogues.

In particular cases, the implementation of the location of the holes are determined as follows.

Determination of the point for perforation of the latex shawl to isolate a single tooth (Fig. 1).

To isolate any maxillary tooth, it is enough to punch a hole in the region with a radius of 1 cm around the point 1 of the intersection of the diagonals connecting the corners of the frame to fix the latex scarf (BF ’and B’F).

To isolate any tooth of the lower jaw, it is enough to punch a hole in a region with a radius of 1 cm around the point 2 of the intersection of the diagonals connecting the corners of the frame to fix the latex scarf (B1F1 ’with B1’F1).

Alternative topographic landmarks (Fig. 2) for the perforation of the scarf to isolate any one tooth of the upper or lower jaw can serve as a region of radius 1 cm around points 1 and 2.

Point 1 (any single tooth of the upper jaw) of the intersection of the vertical line AA 'in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame for fixing a latex scarf constructed from the middle retainer so that FA' = A'F 'with a horizontal line D-D' connecting the right and left middle side retainers.

Point 2 (any single tooth of the lower jaw) of the intersection of the vertical line AA 'in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame for fixing a latex scarf constructed from the middle retainer so that FA' = A'F 'with a horizontal line connecting the points EE' located in the middle between the lower the corners of the frame and the median side retainers so that the segments DE = ED = D'E '= E'F'.

Zoning the area of the scarf inside the steel frame for marking under the insulation of the teeth of the upper or lower jaw (Fig. 3)

To ensure uniform tension of the latex curtain, it is very important to correctly position the group of perforations for the isolated teeth in the vertical direction (from the lower edge of the steel frame to its upper ends), which provides on the one hand the ability to completely close the front teeth of the upper jaw when working with the teeth of the lower jaw and to avoid excessive tension of the latex scarf and dropping it by pulling the anchor clamp from the neck of the abutment tooth.

To perform perforations intended for the teeth of the upper jaw, holes should be located in the rectangular zone CC'E'E provided that the points C, C ', E', E are located in the middle between the retainers on the sides of the steel frame (DC = CB = B 'C' = C'D '= D'E' = E'F '= FE = ED)

To perform perforations intended for the teeth of the lower jaw, holes should be located in the rectangular zone DD’F’F, provided that the points D, D ’, F’, F in the projection of the corresponding retainers on the sides of the steel frame (Fig. 4)

Modification of the marking of the scarf to isolate one or a group of teeth in the lateral sections of the dentition of the upper and lower jaw (molars and premolars). (Fig. 5)

The projection of the contours of the crowns of premolars and canines of the upper and lower jaw of the right and left sides and their relative position with the described points 1, 2, 3, 4 to postpone uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. 6), where:

- Point 1 - teeth: 15, 14, 13;

- Point 2 - teeth: 23, 24, 25;

- Point 3 - teeth: 33, 34, 35;

- Point 4 - teeth: 43, 44, 45.

Direction for performing a series of perforations for isolation of the lateral group of teeth of the upper jaw of the left (18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13) or right (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) sides (Fig. 7)

The reference point for the perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the molars on the right side (18, 17, 16) is point 4 at the intersection of the straight lines GG ’and EE’. Further, along the segment 4J from point 4 with an interval of 7-9 mm, 2-6 holes are punched with diameters corresponding to the size of the insulated tooth crowns, depending on the type of punch used by the doctor.

The reference point for the perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the molars of the left side (26, 27, 28) is point 3 at the intersection of the straight lines НН ’and ЕЕ’. Further, along the segment 3J ’from point 3 with an interval of 7-9 mm, 2-6 holes are punched with diameters corresponding to the size of the insulated tooth crowns, depending on the type of punch used by the doctor.

When isolating molars of both the upper jaw (18, 17, 16, 26, 27, 28) and the lower jaw (38, 37, 36, 46, 47, 48), it is always useful to isolate nearby 1-2 premolars (15, 14, 24, 25, 34, 35, 44, 45), if available, to ensure that, without changing the isolation system, continue to work with the contact point of the sixth teeth being treated (16, 26, 36, 47).

The projection of the contours of the crowns of the lateral group of teeth of the upper jaw of the left (18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13) and right (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) sides and their relative position with the described points 1, 2, 3, 4 for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. 8).

The reference point for perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the premolars and the canine of the right side (15, 14, 13) is point 1 at the intersection of the straight lines GG ’and DD’. Further, along the segment 1J from point 1 with an interval of 7-9 mm, 2-4 holes are punched with diameters corresponding to the size of the insulated tooth crowns, depending on the type of punch used by the doctor.

The reference point for perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the premolars and the canine of the left side (23, 24, 25) is point 2 at the intersection of the straight lines GG ’and DD’. Further, along the segment 2J ’from point 1 with an interval of 7-9 mm, 2-4 holes are punched with diameters corresponding to the size of the insulated tooth crowns, depending on the type of punch used by the doctor.

The projection of the contours of the crowns of the lateral group of teeth of the upper jaw of the left (15, 14, 13) and right (23, 24, 25) sides and their relative position with the described points 1, 2 for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns, dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. 9).

Direction for performing a series of perforations for isolation of the frontal group of teeth of the upper jaw (13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23) - (Fig. 10).

The reference point for starting the marking is point 2, located at the intersection of the perpendicular from the lower central retainer AA ’with the segment connecting the midpoints between the middle side retainers and the upper corners of the steel frame, so that BC = CD = D’C’ = C’B ’. Equal segments are laid off symmetrically with a step of 5-7 mm to perform perforations in the amount necessary for the clinical task to be solved. The holes are punched with a diameter in accordance with the design of the dentist available to the dentist towards point 1 for incisors and maxillary canine on the right (11, 12, 13) and to point 3 for incisors and maxillary canine on the left (21, 22, 33) .

Point 1 is located at the intersection of segments GG ’and D2, where point D corresponds to the right middle side retainer, and point G’ is located in the middle between the lower middle retainer and the left corner of the steel frame.

Point 3 is located at the intersection of segments НН ’and D’2, where point D’ corresponds to the right middle side retainer, and point H ’is located in the middle between the lower middle retainer and the right corner of the steel frame.

The projection of the contours of the crowns of the frontal group of teeth of the upper jaw (13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23) and their relative position with the described points 1, 2, 3 for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. . eleven).

Marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (18, 17, 16), premolars (15, 14) and the group of front teeth of the canine (13) and incisors (12, 11, 21, 22) of the upper jaw on the right to the counter-lateral canine on the left (23) - (Fig. 12).

This method allows you to use 1 anchor clamp for fixing the latex scarf, fixed on the lateral distally molar tooth selected by the dentist (18, 17, 16), depending on the clinical situation. With extended insulation to the counter lateral canine on the left (23), the latex tissue is evenly distributed and compensated by friction with the edge of the perforations on the perimeters of the necks of isolated teeth. Such an extended working field, including several groups of teeth in the upper jaw, allows the dentist to solve many combined pathological changes in the hard tissues of the patient’s teeth: from discolorite to multiple caries of any localization on the crown parts, to severe destruction of the crown parts of the teeth and their preparation for treatment with fixed orthopedic structures .

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located at the intersection of the perpendicular to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle near the middle retainer, a segment in diagram AA 'with segment CC', where points C and C 'are located between the upper corner and middle side retainers so so that (BC = CD = B'C '= C'D')

Further, towards the lateral middle retainers of the steel frame (points D and D '), three symmetrically arranged holes are punched with diameters suitable for the isolated group of teeth, with a distance between them of at least 5-7 mm, so that the holes for the right 13 and left 23 fangs were located near points 1 and 3.

The reference point for point 1 is the intersection of the segments D2 and J5, and for point 3 the segments 2D ’and J’4.

Further from point 1 towards point 5, located at the intersection of the segments EE 'and GG', where the segment EE 'connects the middle between the lower corners of the steel frame and its lateral middle retainers, and the segment GG' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame in point located in the middle between its lower left corner and the lower middle retainer, so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F '= FG' = G'A '.

In some cases (the patient’s maxillary bones are small and the crown parts of the teeth are not large), a number of perforations can be made for the right lateral teeth group (molars and premolars) towards the point G 'located in the middle between its lower left corner and the lower middle retainer (FG '= G'A').

The projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (18, 17, 16), premolars (15, 14) and the group of front teeth of the canine (13) and incisors (12, 11, 21, 22) of the upper jaw to the right to the counter -lateral fang on the left (23) - (Fig. 13).

Marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (28, 27, 26), premolars (25, 24) and the group of front teeth of the canine (23) and incisors (22, 21, 11, 12) of the upper jaw on the left to the counter-lateral canine on the right (13) - (Fig. 14).

This method allows the use of 1 anchor clamp for fixing a latex scarf fixed on a molar (18, 17, 16) selected by a dentist’s lateral tooth (depending on the clinical situation). With extended insulation to the counter lateral canine on the left (23), the latex tissue is evenly distributed and compensated by friction with the edge of the perforations on the perimeters of the necks of isolated teeth. Such an extended working field, including several groups of teeth on the upper jaw, allows the dentist to solve many combined pathological changes in the hard tissues of the patient’s teeth: from discolorite to multiple caries of any localization on the crown parts, to severe destruction of the crown parts of the teeth and their preparation for treatment fixed orthopedic constructions.

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located at the intersection of the perpendicular to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle at the middle retainer, a segment in diagram AA 'with segment CC', where points C and C 'are located between the upper corner and middle side retainers, so that (BC = CD = B'C '= C'D')

Then, in the direction of the lateral middle retainers of the steel frame (points D and D ’), three symmetrically arranged holes are punched with diameters suitable for an isolated group of teeth with a distance between them of at least 5-7 mm. So that the holes for the right 13 and left 23 fangs were located near points 1 and 3.

The reference point for point 1 is the intersection of the segments D2 and J5, and for point 3 the segments 2D ’and J’4.

Further from point 3 towards point 4, located at the intersection of the segments EE 'and HH', where the segment EE 'connects the middle between the lower corners of the steel frame and its lateral middle retainers, and the segment HH' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame in the point located in the middle between its lower right corner and the lower middle retainer so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F '= F'H' = H'A '.

In some cases (a patient’s small maxillary bones and small crown parts of the teeth, a series of perforations for the right lateral teeth group (molars and premolars) can be carried out in the direction of the point G ′ located in the middle between its lower left corner and lower middle retainer ( F'H '= H'A').

The projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (28, 27, 26), premolars (25, 24) and the group of front teeth of the canine (23) and incisors (22, 21, 11, 12) of the upper jaw to the left to the counter -lateral fang on the right (13) - (Fig. 15).

Marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the upper jaw (Fig. 16).

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located at the intersection of the perpendicular to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle near the middle retainer, a segment in diagram AA 'with segment CC', where points C and C 'are located between the upper corner and middle side retainers so so that (BC = CD = B'C '= C'D')

Then, in the direction of the lateral middle retainers of the steel frame (points D and D ’), three symmetrically arranged holes are punched with diameters suitable for an isolated group of teeth with a distance between them of at least 5-7 mm. So that the holes for the right 13 and left 23 fangs were located near points 1 and 3.

The reference point for point 1 is the intersection of the segments D2 and J5, and for point 3 the segments 2D ’and J’4.

Further from point 1 towards point 5, located at the intersection of the segments EE 'and GG', where the segment EE 'connects the middle between the lower corners of the steel frame and its lateral middle retainers, and the segment GG' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame in the point located in the middle between its lower left corner and the lower middle retainer so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F '= FG' = G'A '.

Further from point 3 towards point 4, located at the intersection of the segments EE 'and HH', where the segment EE 'connects the middle between the lower corners of the steel frame and its lateral middle retainers, and the segment HH' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame in the point located in the middle between its lower right corner and the lower middle retainer so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F '= F'H' = H'A '.

The projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the upper jaw (Fig. 17).

Simplified marking of the scarf for total or partial isolation of the teeth of the upper jaw (Fig. 18).

The reference point for starting the marking is point 2, located at the intersection of the perpendicular from the lower central retainer AA ’with the segment connecting the midpoints between the middle side retainers and the upper corners of the steel frame, so that BC = CD = D’C’ = C’B ’. Equal segments are laid off symmetrically with a step of 5-7 mm to perform perforations in the amount necessary for the clinical task to be solved. The holes are punched with a diameter in accordance with the design of the dentist available to the dentist towards point 1 for the teeth of the upper jaw on the right (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18) and to point 3 of the teeth of the upper jaw on the left (21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28).

Point 1 is located at the intersection of segments GG ’and EE’, where point G ’is located in the middle between the lower median retainer and the left corner of the steel frame.

Point 3 is located at the intersection of the segments HH ’and EE’, where the point H ’is located in the middle between the lower median retainer and the right corner of the steel frame.

The projection of the contours of the crowns with simplified marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the upper jaw (Fig. 19).

Direction for performing a series of perforations for isolation of the lateral group of teeth of the lower jaw of the left (38, 37, 36, 35, 34, 33) or right (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48) sides (Fig. 20).

The reference point for perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the premolars and the canine of the right side (43, 44, 45) is point 1 at the intersection of the straight lines GG ’and DD’.

The reference point for the perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the molars on the right side (46, 47, 48) is point 2 at the intersection of the straight lines НН ’and DD’.

The reference point for perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the premolars and the canine of the left side (38, 37, 36) is point 3 at the intersection of the straight lines GG ’and EE’.

The reference point for perforation of the hole for the anchor clamp when isolating the molars of the left side (35, 34, 33) is point 4 at the intersection of the straight lines НН ’and ЕЕ’.

The projection of the contours of the crowns of the lateral group of teeth of the lower jaw of the left (38, 37, 36, 35, 34, 33) or right (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48) sides and their relative position with the described points 1, 2, 3, 4 for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. 21).

The projection of the contours of crowns of premolars and fangs of the lower jaw of the left (35, 34, 33) or right (43, 44, 45) side and their relative position with the described points 3, 4 to postpone uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of dental crowns dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. 22).

Direction for performing a series of perforations for isolation of the frontal group of teeth of the lower jaw (43, 42.41, 31, 32, 33) - (Fig. 23).

The reference point for starting the marking is point 2, located at the intersection of the perpendicular from the lower central retainer AA ’with the segment connecting the midpoints between the middle side retainers and the upper corners of the steel frame, so that DE = EF = D’E’ = E’F ’. Equal segments are laid off symmetrically with a step of 5-7 mm to perform perforations in the amount necessary for the clinical task to be solved. The holes are punched with a diameter in accordance with the design of the dentist available to the dentist towards point 1 for incisors and the canine of the lower jaw on the right (41, 42, 43) and to point 3 for incisors and the canine of the lower jaw on the left (31, 32, 33) .

Point 1 is located at the intersection of segments GG ’and D2, where point D corresponds to the right middle side retainer, and point G’ is located in the middle between the lower middle retainer and the left corner of the steel frame.

Point 3 is located at the intersection of segments НН ’and D’2, where point D’ corresponds to the right middle side retainer, and point H ’is located in the middle between the lower middle retainer and the right corner of the steel frame.

The projection of the contours of the crowns of the frontal group of teeth of the lower jaw (43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33) and their relative position with the described points 1, 2, 3 for postponing uniform segments from them to isolate the required number of tooth crowns dictated by the clinical situation (Fig. . 24).

Marking of the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (48, 47, 46), premolars (45, 44) and the group of front teeth of the canine (43) and incisors (42, 41, 31, 32) of the lower jaw on the left to the counter-lateral canine on the right (33) - (Fig. 25).

This method allows you to use 1 anchor clamp for fixing the latex scarf, fixed on the lateral distally molar tooth selected by the dentist (48, 47, 46), depending on the clinical situation. With extended insulation to the counter lateral canine on the left (33), the latex tissue is evenly distributed and compensated by friction with the edge of the perforations on the perimeters of the necks of isolated teeth. Such an extended working field, including several groups of teeth on the upper jaw, allows the dentist to solve many combined pathological changes in the hard tissues of the patient’s teeth: from discolorite to multiple caries of any localization on the crown parts, to severe destruction of the crown parts of the teeth and their preparation for treatment fixed orthopedic constructions.

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located close to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle near the middle retainer - a point in diagram A ’. Further towards the points E and E ', located in the middle between the lower angular and lateral middle retainers of the steel frame (so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F'), three symmetrically arranged holes are made with a punch with a minimum diameter, suitable under the isolated group of teeth, with a distance between them of at least 5-7 mm, so that the holes for the right 43 and left 33 canines were located near points 1 and 3.

The reference point for point 1 is the intersection of segments EA ’and 51, and for point 3 of segments A’E’ and I’4.

Points 5 and 4 are located on quarters of the width of the steel frame from its sides at the level of the median side retainers.

Further from point 1 towards point 5, located at the intersection of the segments DD 'and GG', where the segment DD 'connects the middle side retainers of the steel frame, and the segment GG' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame at the point located in the middle between it lower left corner and lower middle retainer, so that FG '= G'A'.

The projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (48, 47, 46), premolars (45, 44) and the group of front teeth of the canine (43) and incisors (42, 41, 31, 32) of the lower jaw to the right to the counter -lateral fang on the left (33) - (Fig. 26).

Marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (38, 37, 36), premolars (35, 34) and the group of front teeth of the canine (33) and incisors (32, 31, 41, 42) of the lower jaw to the left to the counter-lateral canine to the right (43) - (Fig. 27).

This method allows you to use 1 anchor clamp for fixing the latex scarf, fixed on the lateral distally molar tooth selected by the dentist (48, 47, 46), depending on the clinical situation. With extended insulation to the counter lateral canine on the left (33), the latex tissue is evenly distributed and compensated by friction with the edge of the perforations on the perimeters of the necks of isolated teeth. Such an extended working field, including several groups of teeth on the upper jaw, allows the dentist to solve many combined pathological changes in the hard tissues of the patient’s teeth: from discolorite to multiple caries of any localization on the crown parts, to severe destruction of the crown parts of the teeth and their preparation for treatment fixed orthopedic constructions.

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located close to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle near the middle retainer - a point in diagram A ’. Further towards the points E and E ', located in the middle between the lower angular and lateral middle retainers of the steel frame (so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F'), three symmetrically arranged holes are made with a punch with a minimum diameter, suitable under an isolated group of teeth with a distance between them of at least 5-7 mm, so that the holes for the right 43 and left 33 canines were located near points 1 and 3.

The reference point for point 1 is the intersection of segments EA ’and 5I, and for point 3 of segments A’E’ and I’4.

Points 5 and 4 are located on quarters of the width of the steel frame from its sides at the level of the median side retainers.

Further from point 3 towards point 4, located at the intersection of the segments DD 'and HH', where the segment DD 'connects the middle side retainers of the steel frame, and the segment HH' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame at the point located in the middle between it lower left corner and lower middle retainer, so that F'H '= H'A'.

The projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for extended isolation of the group of teeth of molars (38, 37, 36), premolars (35, 34) and the group of front teeth of the canine (33) and incisors (32, 31, 41, 42) of the lower jaw to the right to the counter -lateral fang on the left (43) - (Fig. 28).

Marking a scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw (Fig. 29).

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located close to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle near the middle retainer - a point in diagram A ’. Further towards the points E and E ', located in the middle between the lower angular and lateral middle retainers of the steel frame (so that DE = EF = D'E = E'F'), three symmetrically arranged holes are made with a punch with a minimum diameter, suitable under the isolated group of teeth, with a distance between them of at least 5-7 mm, so that the holes for the right 43 and left 33 canines were located near points 1 and 3.

The reference point for point 1 is the intersection of segments EA ’and 5I, and for point 3 of segments A’E’ and I’4.

Points 5 and 4 are located on quarters of the width of the steel frame from its sides at the level of the median side retainers.

Further from point 1 towards point 5, located at the intersection of the segments DD 'and GG', where the segment DD 'connects the middle side retainers of the steel frame, and the segment GG' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame at the point located in the middle between it lower left corner and lower middle retainer so that FG '= G'A'.

Further from point 3 towards point 4, located at the intersection of the segments DD 'and HH', where the segment DD 'connects the middle side retainers of the steel frame, and the segment HH' is perpendicular to the lower horizontal part of the steel frame at the point located in the middle between it lower left corner and lower middle retainer, so that F'H '= H'A'.

The projection of the contours of the crowns when marking the scarf for total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw (Fig. 30).

Simplified marking of the scarf for the total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw is shown in (Fig. 31).

The reference point for starting the perforations is point 2, located close to the horizontal lower part of the steel frame in its middle near the middle retainer - a point in diagram A ’.

Equal segments are laid off symmetrically with a step of 5-7 mm to perform perforations in the amount necessary for the clinical task to be solved. The holes are punched with a diameter in accordance with the design of the dentist available to the dentist towards point 1 for the lower jaw teeth on the right (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48) and to the point 3 of the lower jaw teeth on the left (31 , 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38).

Point 1 is located at the intersection of the segments GG ’and DD’, where the point G ’is located in the middle between the lower median retainer and the left corner of the steel frame.

Point 3 is located at the intersection of the segments HH ’and DD’, where the point H ’is located in the middle between the lower median retainer and the right corner of the steel frame.

The DD ’line connects the side middle retainers of the steel frame. Points 1 and 3 are located on quarters of the width of the steel frame from its sides at the level of the median side retainers.

The projection of the contours of the crowns with simplified marking of the scarf with the approximation of inclined lines for the total isolation of all teeth of the lower jaw is shown in FIG. 32.

The latex shawl is operated as follows.

A frame with a cloth is placed in the patient’s oral cavity, holes are put on the corresponding teeth. The free edges of the panel protruding beyond the perimeter of the frame, if necessary, are bent. Thus, the surgical field is maximally protected from any oral fluids getting onto the treated surfaces of hard tissues. This allows you to keep the working area dry and relatively sterile after the application of antiseptic solutions in the proper exposure, which by themselves can have a strong irritating effect on the unprotected mucous membrane of the oral cavity, and the patient is protected from swallowing or aspirating water that cools the prepared hard tissues from secreted when friction of a rotary tool of heat, preventing thermal burning of pulp, fragments formed during drilling, or, as the case may be, from uninterrupted governmental contact with the tools.

After treatment, the veil is removed in the following order: remove the clamps; remove the frame and latex cloth.

The system of proportions and geometric landmarks on the area of the latex shawl is optimal when using the claimed inventions, since it provides a rather accurate adaptation of the Rabberdam isolation system to the real general-type features of the structure of the jaw of a person, as well as to the individual characteristics of almost every patient, taking into account various conditions varying from the stage of treatment in the oral cavity, ensuring the stability of anchor steel clips.

The inventive method and device can significantly reduce the preparation time of the latex scarf for installation on the surgical field, provide for the optimal location of the clamps, optimize and simplify the distribution of holes for installation on the patient’s teeth in accordance with the existing clinical situation.

Claims (130)

1. Latex shawl for the Rabberdam system, comprising a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and a flat latex panel for installation on the frame having a smooth and matte surface and made perforated with at least at least one hole for the patient’s teeth, and the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as oriented according to the position of the sides frames and retainers rectilinear orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and inclined lines from the group embedded between them: - the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel; - the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers; - the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame; - the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame; - the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer; - the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame; moreover, holes for single teeth of the upper or lower jaw are made at at least one intersection of lines from the group: at the intersection of diagonals, or at one of the intersections of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines, or at one of the intersections of the third and fourth vertical lines with the third and fourth horizontal lines. 2. The latex scarf according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes intended for the tooth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines. 3. The latex scarf according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes intended for the tooth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. 4. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the sections of the inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. 5. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the frame is equipped with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. 6. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the frame is made of metal from a bar of circular cross section. 7. Latex shawl for the Rabberdam system, containing a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and a flat latex panel for installation on the frame, having a smooth and matte surface and made perforated with at least at least one hole for the patient’s teeth, and the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as oriented according to the position of the sides frames and retainers rectilinear orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and inclined lines from the group embedded between them: - the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel; - the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers; - the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame; - the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame; - the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer; - the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame; moreover, the holes for two or more teeth of the upper jaw are made on at least one inclined line from the group: - the first inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the second inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - a third inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the fourth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - the fifth inclined line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines; - the sixth inclined line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines. 8. The latex scarf according to claim 7, characterized in that the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines. 9. The latex scarf according to claim 7, characterized in that the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. 10. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the sections of the inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. 11. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the frame is equipped with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. 12. Latex shawl according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the frame is made of metal from a bar of circular cross section. 13. Latex shawl for the Rabberdam system, containing a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and a flat latex panel for installation on the frame having a smooth and matte surface and made perforated with at least at least one hole for the patient’s teeth, and the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as oriented according to the position of the sides frames and retainers rectilinear orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and inclined lines from the group embedded between them: - the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel; - the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers; - the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame; - the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame; - the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer; - the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame; moreover, the holes for two or more teeth of the lower jaw are made on at least one inclined line from the group: - the seventh inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the eighth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - the ninth oblique line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the tenth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - the eleventh oblique line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines; - the twelfth oblique line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines; - the thirteenth oblique line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the left median retainer; - the fourteenth inclined line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the right median retainer; 14. The latex scarf according to claim 13, characterized in that the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines. 15. Latex shawl according to claim 13, characterized in that the holes intended for the teeth of the upper jaw are located in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. 16. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 13-15, characterized in that the sections of the inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. 17. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 13-15, characterized in that the frame is equipped with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. 18. Latex scarf according to any one of paragraphs. 13-15, characterized in that the frame is made of metal from a bar of circular cross section. 19. A method for marking a latex shawl for the Rabberdam system, in which a latex shawl panel is pulled on a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and the panel is perforated under the patient’s teeth with at least one hole moreover, the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as rectangle-oriented frames oriented on the position of the sides of the panel nye orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and built-sloping line from the group among them: - the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel; - the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers; - the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame; - the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame; - the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame built from its lower middle retainer; - the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame; moreover, openings for single teeth of the upper or lower jaw are performed by a punch at at least one intersection of lines from the group:, the intersection of diagonals, or at one of the intersections of the third vertical line with the third and fourth horizontal lines, or at one of the intersections of the third and fourth vertical lines with third and fourth horizontal lines. 20. The method according to p. 19, characterized in that the holes for the teeth of the upper jaw are performed in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines. 21. The method according to p. 19, characterized in that the holes intended for the teeth of the upper jaw, perform in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. 22 The method according to any one of paragraphs. 19-21, characterized in that the sections of inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. 23. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 19-21, characterized in that they use a frame with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. 24. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 19-21, characterized in that they use a metal frame from a bar of circular cross section. 25. A method for marking a latex shawl for the Rabberdam system, in which a latex shawl panel is pulled onto a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and the panel is perforated with at least one hole in the teeth of the patient moreover, the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as rectangle-oriented frames oriented on the position of the sides of the panel nye orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and built-sloping line from the group among them: - the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel; - the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers; - the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame; - the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame; - the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer; - the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame; moreover, the holes for two or more teeth of the upper jaw perform a punch on at least one inclined line from the group: - the first inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the second inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - a third inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the fourth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the first horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - the fifth inclined line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines; - the sixth inclined line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the second horizontal and third vertical lines. 26. The method according to p. 25, characterized in that the holes intended for the teeth of the upper jaw are performed in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines. 27. The method according to p. 25, characterized in that the holes intended for the teeth of the upper jaw are performed in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. 28. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 25-27, characterized in that the sections of the inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. 29. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 25-27, characterized in that they use a frame with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. 30. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 25-27, characterized in that they use a metal frame from a bar of circular cross section. 31. A method for marking a latex shawl for the Rabberdam system, in which a latex shawl panel is pulled on a U-shaped frame with three rigid sides, in the middle of each of which a protruding hard retainer is made, and the panel is punched with at least one hole moreover, the location of each hole is selected in accordance with the clinical situation using lines from the group including diagonals of the panel, as well as rectangle-oriented frames oriented on the position of the sides of the panel nye orthogonal horizontal and vertical coordinate lines and built-sloping line from the group among them: - the first horizontal line connecting the right and left upper corners of the panel; - the second horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the upper corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the third horizontal line connecting the right and left median lateral retainers; - the fourth horizontal line connecting the points located in the middle between the lower corners of the frame and the median side retainers; - the fifth horizontal line connecting the right and left lower corners of the frame; - the first vertical line connecting the upper left and lower left corners of the frame; - the second vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the lower part of the frame, built from the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the third vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame, built from its lower median retainer; - the fourth vertical line in the form of a perpendicular to the bottom of the frame in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the lower median retainer; - the fifth vertical line connecting the upper right and lower right corners of the frame; moreover, the holes for two or more teeth of the lower jaw perform a punch on at least one inclined line from the group: - the seventh inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the eighth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the third horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - the ninth oblique line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and second vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the second and third vertical lines; - the tenth inclined line drawn from the intersection of the fourth horizontal and fourth vertical lines to the fifth horizontal line at its point lying between the fourth and third vertical lines; - the eleventh oblique line drawn from the left median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines; - the twelfth oblique line drawn from the right median retainer to the intersection of the fourth horizontal and third vertical lines; - the thirteenth oblique line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower left corner of the frame and the left median retainer; - the fourteenth inclined line connecting the lower middle retainer with a point located in the middle between the lower right corner of the frame and the right median retainer. 32. The method according to p. 31, characterized in that the holes intended for the teeth of the upper jaw are performed in a rectangular zone between the second and fourth horizontal lines. 33. The method according to p. 31, characterized in that the holes intended for the teeth of the upper jaw are performed in a rectangular zone between the third and fifth horizontal lines. 34. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 31-33, characterized in that the sections of the inclined lines are approximated by inscribed smooth curves. 35. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 31-33, characterized in that they use a frame with intermediate retainers located between the corners of the frame and the middle retainers. 36. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 31-33, characterized in that they use a metal frame from a bar of circular cross section.

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