RU2643728C1 - Oil antiseptic based on universin for impregnating timber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood industry.

SUBSTANCE: oil antiseptic based on Universin for impregnating timber contains a light catalytic cracking gas oil boiling between 195-325°C, 6-8 wt %, a fraction of fuel oil boiling above 350°C, 2-4 wt %, and Universin 90 wt % as oil fractions.

EFFECT: protective properties of the antiseptic are improved.

1 cl

Description

The invention relates to a composition of an oil antiseptic with a low pour point and can be used to impregnate wood, in particular for impregnating wood sleepers and beams.

Known impregnating material, which is a mixture of coal oil [GOST 2270-74. Coal oil for wood impregnation] and petroleum softener oil produced in accordance with TU 38.301.08-31-89. However, when preparing a working mixture consisting of coal oil having a density at 20 ° C of 1090-1130 kg / m ³ and softener oil having a density at 20 ° C of 890-910 kg / m ³ , using as a mixing agent acute water vapor after cooling and sludge in the tank forms a three-layer system: the bottom layer is coal oil; the middle layer is water; top coat petroleum softener oil. To maintain a homogeneous system in the tank, periodic circulation movement of the components of the mixture is required according to the scheme: tank - pump - tank, which leads to additional energy costs. In this case, the system is not freed from water. In addition, the oil softener XM-1 has relatively high kinematic viscosity values determined at a temperature of 80 ° C (6.5-8 mm ² / s), which impairs its penetrating (impregnating) ability when impregnating wood, and therefore reduces its protective properties. Such a viscosity value ХМ-1 does not meet the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 “Protection of wood. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective agents. "

Known coal sleeper oil [GOST 2270-74. Coal oil for wood impregnation], containing in its composition a relatively narrow oily fraction of thermal origin, which is a mixture of the first anthracene fraction (280-360 ° C) and absorption oil (235-300 ° C) [Coke Chemist Handbook, t. 3 / Pod . ed. Ing. A.K. Shelkova. - M: Metallurgy, 1966. - 66 p.].

The disadvantages of coal tar oil are the following factors.

1. Coal impregnating oil contains in its composition up to 0.3 wt. % of substances insoluble in toluene (carbenes and carbides), and up to 1.5 wt. % water, which negatively affects the process of impregnation of wood.

2. In terms of toxicity, coal-bearing cross-impregnating oil belongs to the second hazard class (highly hazardous), which creates an increased danger from the point of view of the sanitary-hygienic and ecological state of the cross-impregnating plants.

3. Coal sleeper oil has a relatively high pour point (minus 2 ... minus 5 ° C), which makes it difficult to drain and pump it in winter conditions at lower ambient temperatures.

4. Coal tar oil is prepared by mixing and joint crystallization of the 1st anthracene fraction and absorption oil, followed by separation of the crystals in a centrifuge. At 2.5 m ^{3 of} absorption oil, 7.5 m ³ of the 1st anthracene fraction is introduced into the mixture. After crystallization and centrifugation, the yield of crystals is 15-20% per mixture [Handbook of coke chemist, t. 3 / Under. ed. Ing. A.K. Shelkova. - M.: Metallurgy, 1966. - 66 p.].

5. A significant disadvantage of coal-bearing cross-impregnating oil is its tendency to sedimentation, which leads to the necessity of “erosion of sediment” in railway tanks and to irretrievable losses when stored in tanks.

6. Coal tar oil (creosote) has an unpleasant and very persistent smell.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is "Antiseptic liquid for wood impregnation ZhTK-2 (its variants)" (RF patent No. 2146611, B27K 3/50 dated 04/15/99), containing oily fractions based on a mixture of heavy catalytic cracking fractions boiling in the range of 325-420 ° C, - 60-79 wt. %, and an organic regulator of viscosity and pour point based on the fraction of catalytic cracking, boiling in the range 205-325 ° C, - 21-40 wt. %

The disadvantages of the known antiseptic fluid include the following.

1. The need to use in its production of a relatively expensive depressor component - a fraction of catalytic cracking, boiling within 205-325 ° C.

2. The relatively high price of the indicated antiseptic fluid.

The present invention solves the problem of expanding the resources of oily antiseptics for wood impregnation due to the rational use of special petroleum products and gas oil fractions of secondary oil refining processes and obtaining a liquid for wood impregnation (in particular, wooden sleepers and transverse beams) with a low pour point (minus 29 ... minus 33 ° C), with a controlled flash point (not lower than 100 ° C) and a controlled kinematic viscosity (not more than 5 mm ² / s).

This problem is solved by the fact that the oil antiseptic based on Universin for wood impregnation as an oily fraction contains light catalytic cracking gas oil boiling in the range 195-325 ° C (6-8 wt.%), Fuel oil fraction boiling above 350 ° C ( 2-4 wt.%), And Universin (90 wt.%). At the same time, light gas oil mixed with Universin provides an antiseptic with a low pour point (minus 29 ... minus 33 ° C), the required viscosity level (less than 5 mm ² / s at 80 ° C), and fuel oil - flash point (not less than 100 ° C) )

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the antiseptic for wood impregnation basically (90 wt.%) Contains Universin, obtained in an industrial unit for delayed coking based on gas oil fractions mixed with the cracking residue of the visbreaking process (depressor).

These fractions of light catalytic gas oil as a regulator of the kinematic viscosity level are obtained as follows.

Low-sulfur hydrotreated vacuum gas oil (fraction 350-540 ° C) is subjected to catalytic cracking in a reactor at a 1A / 1M unit [Oil refining technology. At 2 hours. Part two. Destructive processes / V.M. Kapustin, A.A. Gureev. - M .: KolosS, 2007. - 334 p.].

The reaction products are subjected to separation in a distillation column to produce catalytic cracking gas, a gasoline fraction (NK-195 ° C), light catalytic cracking gas oil (195-325 ° C) and catalytic cracking heavy gas oil (above 325 ° C).

The fuel oil fraction is prepared as follows. The remainder of the atmospheric vacuum distillation of oil - tar (fraction above 500 ° C) is subjected to light thermal cracking (visbreaking) in a tube furnace at a temperature of 425-450 ° C. The reaction products are subjected to separation to obtain gas and liquid products - gasoline fraction (n.k.-180 ° C), gas oil fraction (180-380 ° C) and low-viscosity cracked residue (380-540 ° C), using fuel oil brand 100 [Technology of deep processing of oil and gas / S.A. Akhmetov. Ufa: Gilem, 2002. - 672 p.].

The proposed antiseptic with a low pour point, given viscosity and flash point is obtained as follows.

All components of the antiseptic are simultaneously pumped into the mixing tee: Universin, light catalytic cracking gas oil and fuel oil (dissolved in light gas oil) (know-how).

Example 1. A mixture consisting of fuel oil (2 wt.%) Dissolved in light catalytic cracking gas oil (8 wt.%) Is introduced into Universin (90 wt.%).

Get oil antiseptic ZHTK-4:

- pour point, ° C, - minus 33;

- flash point in an open crucible, ° С, - 100;

- kinematic viscosity at 80 ° C, mm ² / s, - 3.625;

- density at 20 ° C, kg / m ³ , - 978.

Example 2. A mixture consisting of fuel oil (3 wt.%) Dissolved in light catalytic cracking gas oil (7 wt.%) Is introduced into Universin (90 wt.%).

Get oil antiseptic ZHTK-4:

- pour point, ° С, - minus 30;

- flash point in an open crucible, ° С, - 102;

- kinematic viscosity at 80 ° C, mm ² / s, - 3,812;

- density at 20 ° C, kg / m ³ , - 979.

Example 3. A mixture consisting of fuel oil (4 wt.%) Dissolved in light catalytic cracking gas oil (6 wt.%) Is introduced into Universin (90 wt.%).

Get oil antiseptic ZHTK-4:

- pour point, ° С, - minus 29;

- flash point in an open crucible, ° С, - 105;

- kinematic viscosity at 80 ° C, mm ² / s, - 4,000;

- density at 20 ° C, kg / m ³ , - 980.

Based on the above examples, the following can be seen. All obtained and studied compositions of the ZhTK-4 oil antiseptic (commodity, preservation liquid) with a low pour point based on Universin for wood impregnation, containing oily fractions of thermocatalytic gas oil and a fraction of fuel oil, which are regulators of kinematic viscosity and flash point, are fundamentally new and fully correspond the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 "Protection of wood. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective agents ”according to all the main quality indicators (pour point, flash point, viscosity, density). The invention can be used to preserve wood in order to prevent its defeat by fungi and bacteria (decay).

Claims (3)

An oil antiseptic based on Universin for wood impregnation, containing oily fractions of thermocatalytic gas oil and a fraction of fuel oil, characterized in that as oily fractions it contains a light catalytic cracking gas oil boiling in the range of 195-325 ° C, fuel oil fraction boiling above 350 ° C , and Universin in the following ratio of components, wt. %: light catalytic cracking gas oil 6-8 fuel oil 2-4 Universin 90 while light gas oil mixed with Universin provides an antiseptic with a low pour point - minus 29 ... minus 33 ° C, the required viscosity level is less than 5 mm ² / s at 80 ° C, and fuel oil has a flash point of at least 100 ° C.