RU2643390C1 - Solid fuel metallic furnace for fireplaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of solid fuel fireplaces used for air heating of residential and non-residential premises. Solid fuel metallic furnace for fireplaces comprises a refractory door with heat-resistant glass, a combustion air supply device, a grate and ash removal system in the form of a ash pan with a ash box located inside the furnace, an outer shell in the form of a metal body. Under the refractory door equipped with a built-in movement mechanism with an open position lock, there is a combustion air supply device which is made in the form of a slide gate and a lever for supplying primary air to the grate with the possibilities of maximum and minimum opening and adjustment of their intermediate position. In the lower part of the metal body, on the left and on the right, there are supply air pipes for supplying it from the outside, if necessary. Inside the furnace, lined with concrete slabs, jets of the secondary combustion gas afterburner system are installed. Concrete slabs are made of heat-resistant concrete based on high-alumina cement CEMBOR-73.

EFFECT: technical result is expended range of furnace operational, increased service life.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction, namely, to the construction of furnaces for fireplaces operating on solid fuel used for air heating of residential and non-residential premises.

A fireplace is known that contains a firebox made with a grate and a door, surrounded by a casing and containing means for supplying combustion air, while a vertical metal casing is located above the firebox, which directs the flue gases upward, RU No. 2547853 C2, F24B 1/191, 04/10/2015 .

Known universal fireplace insert containing a fuel chamber with a fuel opening limited by a hearth, side, rear and front walls with internal protrusions, while the body of the fireplace insert is made of chamotte block plates, RU No. 25782 U1, F24B 1/18, 20.10. 2002.

A well-known universal fireplace, comprising a housing, a firebox with a glazed refractory door, is blown out with grates, a heat exchange chamber made of refractory fireclay bricks, RU No. 2402716 C1, F24B 1/18, 10.27.2010.

Known universal cast iron firebox-fireplace containing a fuel chamber with a fuel opening, limited by the hearth, side walls and rear wall, RU No. 19668 U1, F24B 1/18, 09/20/2001.

Known fireplace containing external walls and mounted inside them a furnace made of sheet stainless steel, RU No. 12602 U1, F24B 1/18, 01/20/2000.

In the known fireplaces and devices for them, technical solutions identical to the present invention were not found.

A well-known universal heat-accumulating fireplace containing a firebox with a refractory door with heat-resistant glass, a device for supplying combustion air, a grate, an ash removal system in the form of an ash pan with an ash drawer, an outer skin in the form of a metal case, and the furnace is equipped with nozzles of a secondary combustion system of flue gases, RU No. 136537 U1, F24B 1/185, 01/10/2014.

This technical solution is made as the closest analogue of the present invention.

The design of the closest analogue allows it to be operated in three switchable modes: as a heater with directional heat flow for selective heating of the room, as a sauna stove with steam from heated stones, as a barbecue with an open door and as an oven when closed, while it’s easy to manufacture and service.

However, the fireplace of the closest analogue has an individual orientation of use, which is ensured by the design features of combustion air supply systems, selective supply of hot air, as well as individual execution of the combustion chamber, which limits its operational qualities.

The present invention is based on the solution of the problem, which allows to improve the quality of operation of the furnace, to expand its operating conditions, to increase the life of the furnace.

The technical result of the present invention is to increase operational capabilities.

According to the invention, this problem is solved due to the fact that the metal furnace on solid fuel for fireplaces, used for air heating of residential and non-residential premises, contains a fireproof door with heat-resistant glass, a device for supplying combustion air, a grate, an ash removal system in the form of an ash pan with ash box, the outer skin in the form of a metal case, while the furnace is equipped with nozzles of the secondary system of afterburning of flue gases.

The refractory door is equipped with a locking mechanism in the open position, under which there is a device in the form of levers for supplying air to the grate.

The grate of the grate is removable with the possibility of extraction from the furnace.

The furnace is lined with concrete slabs.

In this case, left and right in the lower part of the metal casing are installed supply air pipes.

In addition, the movement mechanism with locking in the open position of the refractory door has the ability to move vertically upward with locking in the open position.

The applicant has not identified sources containing information about technical solutions identical to the present invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

Due to the implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention (in conjunction with the features indicated in the restrictive part of the formula), important new properties of the object are achieved.

The implementation of the refractory door with the locking mechanism in the open position, the implementation of the device for supplying combustion air in the form of levers for supplying air to the grate, the grate of which is removable with the possibility of extraction from the furnace, improves performance.

The lining of the inner walls of the furnace with concrete plates protects the inner walls of the furnace from deformation and burnout of the metal and increases its service life.

The implementation of the furnace lined with concrete slabs allows the furnace to operate both in an economical mode and in an active combustion mode.

The applicant is not aware of any publications that would contain information on the influence of the distinguishing features of the invention on the achieved technical result. In this regard, according to the applicant, it can be concluded that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

in FIG. 1 - metal firebox on solid fuel for fireplaces, front view;

in FIG. 2 - metal furnace on solid fuel for fireplaces, cross section;

in FIG. 3 - metal firebox on solid fuel for fireplaces, side view;

in FIG. 4 - lining of the furnace, front view, fragment;

in FIG. 5 - a device for supplying combustion air in the form of levers, illustration;

in FIG. 6 - supply air pipes, illustration.

FIG. 5-6 are informational. The drawings show:

Fireproof door with heat-resistant glass and a movement mechanism with locking in the open position - 1.

A device for supplying combustion air in the form of levers (slide gate No. 2 and primary air supply lever No. 1 in Fig. 5) - 2.

Grate with a removable grate - 3.

Ash system in the form of an ash pan with an ash box - 4.

Concrete slabs - 5.

The nozzles of the system of secondary afterburning of flue gases - 6.

The outer skin in the form of a metal case - 7.

Supply air pipes (in the lower part of the housing 7) - 8.

A solid metal firebox for fireplaces, used for air heating of residential and non-residential premises, contains a fireproof door 1 with heat-resistant glass and is equipped with a locking mechanism with locking in the open position.

The movement mechanism with the locking in the open position of the refractory door 1 may be able to move vertically upward with locking in the open position.

The metal furnace contains a device in the form of levers 2 (slide gate No. 2 and primary air supply lever No. 1 in Fig. 5) for supplying combustion air located under the refractory door 1.

Air is supplied to the grate with a removable grate 3 with the possibility of extraction from the furnace.

The metal furnace contains an ash removal system in the form of an ash pan with an ash box 4.

The furnace is lined with concrete slabs 5 and is equipped with nozzles 6 of the system of secondary afterburning of flue gases.

The outer skin of the furnace is made in the form of a metal body 7.

Left and right in the lower part of the metal housing 7 is installed nozzles of the supply air 8.

Concrete slabs 5 can be made of heat-resistant concrete based on high-alumina cement brand CEMBOR-73.

Other brands of heat-resistant concrete similar in quality to the CEMBOR-73 brand can be used.

The operation of the metal furnace is as follows.

The operation of the fireplace insert is allowed in the range of ambient temperature changes from -60 to + 40 ° C.

The best fuel is dry unprocessed wood with a moisture content of about 18%, it is dry chopped firewood of deciduous trees, with a calorific value of at least 138,000 kJ / kg (birch, alder, ash, oak, beech, hornbeam). Chopped firewood stored in dry, ventilated rooms, after 1.5-2 years, acquire a moisture content of about 18% and are the most suitable.

Fire chambers are designed to burn no more than 8.0 kg of firewood per hour. The circumference of individual logs should not exceed 30-32 cm (diameter 9-11 cm). Overloading the furnace with wood by more than 30% leads to its damage.

Before kindling, check that the ash box 4 and the grate of the grate 3 are free from ash and coal.

The ash accumulated in the ash box 4 should not come close to the grate of the grate 3, since an excess of ash interferes with the circulation of combustion air.

In the center of the firebox they put a “hut” of small slivers.

Maximum open lever 2 (slide gate No. 2 in Fig. 5) and lever 2 (primary air supply lever No. 1 in Fig. 5), moving them to the extreme right position.

When the kindling is well flared up and draft is established, gently open door 1 and put a few logs. Close door 1 tightly.

The lever 2 (primary air supply lever No. 1 in Fig. 5) should be in the position corresponding to the maximum supply for 25-30 minutes. This is necessary to achieve maximum temperature in the furnace.

To make combustion less intense, set levers 2 (slide gate No. 2 and primary air supply lever No. 1 in Fig. 5) closer to the middle position, air will flow less and combustion will be less intense.

To prevent smoke from entering the room, before opening door 1, it is necessary to move levers 2 (fully open the slide gate No. 2, and set the primary air supply lever No. 1 in Fig. 5 to the minimum position).

To ensure a stable combustion process and avoid "burning" of oxygen inside the heated room, the furnace has nozzles 8 for supplying air from outside the room. Supply air nozzles 8 are located on the right and left (Fig. 6) of the furnace, which facilitates the installation of the duct based on the installation conditions.

The lining of the furnace with concrete plates 5 allows the furnace to be operated both in an economical mode and in an active combustion mode.

Concrete slabs 5 are cast in polyurethane molds of different thicknesses and linear dimensions, depending on the internal dimensions of the fireplace inserts. Concrete slabs 5 are made of heat-resistant concrete based on high-alumina cement.

The furnace is equipped with nozzles 6 of the secondary combustion system of flue gases, which provide the most complete combustion of fuel, reduce the emission of harmful substances (soot) and increase the efficiency of the furnace.

A large volume of the fuel chamber provides a long burning process (up to 8 hours on one tab).

When using concrete slabs 5 in metal fireplace inserts:

- there is no deformation of the metal when the flame acts on the furnace zone;

- the metal does not fade;

- there is an accumulation of heat inside the furnace zone, which leads to better combustion of firewood and greater heat transfer;

- the life of the fireplace increases significantly.

The claimed metal firebox is highly effective in use and is made with design features aimed at heating the premises.

The claimed “Solid fuel metal furnace for fireplaces” is manufactured industrially and its operation for air heating of residential and non-residential premises determines, according to the applicant, the compliance of the metal furnace with the criterion of “industrial applicability”.

The proposed “Solid fuel metal firebox for fireplaces” allows:

- improve the quality of operation;

- expand the operating conditions of the furnace;

- increase the life of the furnace.

Claims (1)

A solid metal firebox for fireplaces used for air heating of residential and non-residential premises, containing a fireproof door with heat-resistant glass, a device for supplying combustion air, a grate and an ash removal system in the form of an ash pan with an ash drawer, located inside the firebox, and the outer skin a metal case, characterized in that under the refractory door equipped with a built-in movement mechanism with an open position lock, there is a device for supplying combustion air, which The second one is made in the form of a gate valve and a primary air supply lever to the grate with the possibilities of maximum and minimum opening and regulation of their intermediate position, in addition, in the lower part of the metal casing there are supply air pipes left and right for supplying it from the outside, if necessary, and inside the furnace lined with concrete slabs installed nozzles of the secondary afterburning system of flue gases, while the concrete slabs are made of heat-resistant concrete based on high-alumina cement Arch CEMBOR-73.

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