RU26430U1 - FIRE SAFETY CONTROL SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

FIRE SAFETY CONTROL SYSTEM

The utility model relates to fire safety systems and is intended to prevent the occurrence of a fire, mainly at various objects of increased fire and explosion hazard, in particular, ships, ships.

Addressable fire control systems are known, including detectors made in the form of addressable sensors, see, for example, RF patent No. 2127623, published March 20, 1999.

The address sensors used in these systems can transmit only three types of notifications (NORMAL / ALARM / FAULT). Therefore, when using these sensors, it is not possible to determine exactly how closely a parameter is located to a threshold value or how local environmental conditions

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(dust, dirt, etc.) affect the sensitivity, and, consequently, the quality of the detectors and the whole system.

More sophisticated are analog addressable fire safety monitoring systems, containing detectors made in the form of analog addressable sensors, in response to which the value of the monitored value is transmitted in the form of an analog signal or code.

These signals from the sensors are converted into an analog current pulse shape. Thus, when the control panel “asks some device (or address) about its state, it responds with an analog current. We can say that in an analog-address system, analog sensors act simply as sensitive elements, the relays of which transmit information about temperature, smoke density, etc. to the control panel. In this case, the microprocessors in the control panel will convert these analog values and, ultimately, they will decide whether or not to give a fire alarm, a warning or a malfunction signal.

Address-analog fire alarm systems are the center for collecting telemetric information that I receive; from the announcer; So, for a heat sensor, the station constantly monitors the temperature of the air at the place of its installation, for a smoke detector - the concentration

smoke. By the nature of the change in these parameters, it is the monitoring device, and not the detector, as in the case of addressable monitoring systems, that generates a fire signal. This can significantly increase the reliability of determining the source of ignition.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is a fire safety monitoring system, including detectors connected by loops connected to a control panel (see the 2002 Product Catalog of NPF Sigma-IS presented at the 8th Moscow International Exhibition MIPS2002, pp. 3-8. A copy of the prototype is attached).

The prototype is characterized by all the above advantages of address-based fire safety control systems. However, such a system has insufficient reliability. This is due to the fact that in the prototype the detectors are analog sensors, each of which is associated with a single addressable sensor. As a result, the failure of one of the analog sensors entails the termination of the entire system.

This utility model is aimed at solving the problem of maintaining the operability of the fire safety monitoring system in case of failure of its individual nodes (detectors).

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the fire safety monitoring system, which includes interconnected loops, atels connected to the control panel additionally contains a central device and group devices, the detectors are made in the form of analog sensors, each of which contains an address module, while detectors are connected with each other and with group devices with circular loops so that each loop is equipped with a separate group device, and each detector is equipped with a short-circuit shut-off tkov corresponding loop, said central unit associated with group devices and control panel.

The applicant is not aware of any technical solutions that have the same set of features as the claimed utility model, which, according to the applicant, indicates that it meets the criterion of “novelty.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the structural diagram of the proposed fire safety control system (SKPO). С1ШО can be implemented as a two- or three-level distributed microprocessor system,

In this specific example, a three-level SKPO on ships and ships is given, designed to control the dynamics of change

fire-hazardous situation in ship premises with the subsequent issuance of the current values of the monitored parameters, information about the fact and place of occurrence of the fire-hazard situation and fire, accurate to a separate sensor (detector), information about the technical condition of the SKPO.

The lower level of the system is made up of the detectors 1, the middle group devices 2, and the upper one - the central device 3. In order to maintain the integrity of the detectors 1 in extreme situations, for example, during a torpedo strike, each of the detectors 1 is placed in an explosion-proof housing (not shown in the drawing).

All detectors 1 are connected with each other and with group devices 2 ring loops 4 so that each loop 4 is served by a separate group device 2. The system provides connection of about 2000 detectors. At the same time, each of them includes an analog sensor 5 of a controlled parameter, address module 6 and a cutoff 7 of short-circuited sections of the corresponding loop 4. The above system contains four analog sensors: an optical density sensor, a temperature sensor, an overpressure sensor, and a thermal radiation sensor (not shown separately in the drawing highlighted). The address module 6 is designed for address exchange with group devices 2 and provides, including:

-transmission of sensor status signals at the request of a group device;

-transmission of the value measured by the sensor at the request of the group device;

-light signaling, confirming receipt of the signal by the control panel 8, connected to the central device 3.

The spark protection device 9 serves to protect the detectors 1 from spontaneous combustion.

Group devices make up the average level of SKPO. Each group device 2 serves one ring loop 4, while doing this:

-address reception of information from detectors included in the loop;

-processing information in order to control the fire situation, highlighting the states “WARNING,“ FIRE, “ACCIDENT;

- transfer of control results to the central unit 3.

The proposed SKPO may contain up to 31 group devices. The central device 3 is the upper level of the system and provides a centralized collection, storage and processing of information received through group devices 2 from the detectors 1.

The central device is designed to receive and process data about the state of the system from detectors and signaling devices, display information about the state of the system and fire hazard situations, issue alarms, enter system control commands, and store information about the system configuration.

Each group device 2 is associated with a device 10 for automatically activating fire protection devices connected to the fire extinguishing device 11. The remote display 12 is connected to the central device 3 and is intended to inform about the state of the system in a place other than the installation site of the central device.

In SKPO used on onshore facilities, instead of a board, a computer can be installed (not shown in the drawing). The proposed SKPO works as follows.

Information coming from detectors 1 connected by loops 4 is received and processed by group devices 2 serving the corresponding loops 4. At the same time, hardware-software control of the status of loop 4 and the detectors combined by it is carried out 1. The monitoring results are transmitted by group device 2 to central device 3. Faults in loop 4 are induced on the panel of group device 2. Adopted by the central

device 3 from group devices 2 information about the status of detectors 1 and registered events is displayed on the display 12, is stored and transmitted for further processing to the control panel 8. At the same time, the use of ring loops 4 and the presence of cutoffs 7 of short-circuited sections of these loops in each signal; atel 1 provides the following; the advantages of the proposed SKPO over the prototype:

-the ability to determine the breakage of the loop cable with the localization of the breakage place;

-the ability to determine a short circuit in the wires of the loop with localization of the circuit;

the ability to determine a short circuit inside lime;

-automatically cutting off short-circuited loop sections and faulty (with internal short circuit) detectors, the so-called “hot swapping of system elements without disrupting its performance.

This ensures uninterrupted operation of the system when single breaks and short circuits occur in the loop, as well as when replacing detectors.

The utility model can be implemented using well-known structural elements (detectors, microprocessors, operational amplifiers, thermistors, photocells, etc.), which indicates, according to the applicant, that the claimed object meets the criterion of "industrial applicability.

Claims (1)

Fire safety monitoring system, including detectors connected to each other by loops connected to a control panel, characterized in that it additionally contains a central device and group devices, the detectors are made in the form of analog sensors, each of which contains an address module, while the detectors are interconnected and with group devices, ring loops so that each loop is equipped with a separate group device, and each detector is equipped with a cut-off of short-circuited sections of the corresponding circuit life, while the central device is connected to group devices with a control panel.