RU2643085C1 - Quick detachable caterpillar track - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: quick-detachable caterpillar track contains a caterpillar that surrounds the support rollers fixed to the frame, at least one gear wheel. There are two brackets on the frame. They are with bearing assemblies with a base equal to the wheelbase of the car, into which, with the help of a tapered shaft with a bolt hole, gear wheels with brake reels and rubberized hooks are placed on which a caterpillar tape with an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the wheels of the car is fitted. For tensioning sprockets, there are arches with racks. On the bracket of the front gears, there is an electro hydro pusher based on a high-pressure fuel pump with a wire for connection to the joystick with a connector and an earring for the belt brake and four half-couplings with bushings. The electro hydro pusher consists of a body with a flange and a stopper, divided into two low and high-pressure cavities by a piston with an integrated electrohydraulic pump. In the high-pressure cavity, sealed terminals with wires are made, and a spring is installed in the low-pressure cavity.

EFFECT: ability to quickly assemble and disassemble the device in the field.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of transport engineering and is intended to increase the patency of wheeled vehicles.

A removable track unit (patent RU 2309080, publ. 10.27.2007) is known from the state of the art, which is mounted on the wheel hub of a vehicle and contains a track covering the track rollers mounted on the frame, tension and / or support wheels, at least one a gear or pinion drive wheel located on the shaft and a coupling element of the removable track unit with the vehicle suspension. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the need to lift the car to install tracked units;

- high pressure on the ground due to the short length of the tracks;

- increase the load on the steering system of the car.

Known quick-detachable crawler attachment to increase the patency of the car (patent RU 2577999, publ. 12/27/2015), which consists of a frame with support rollers located on it in two rows, guide wheels, tracks. In the first embodiment, the prefix further comprises running drums interconnected and kinematically connected to each drive wheel through a clutch mechanism. In the second embodiment, each brake mechanism is connected by a drive to its own control body. Each control is located opposite the steering wheel of the car so that the rotating steered wheel interacts with the control of the side on which the steered wheels of the car are turned. In the third version, racks with movable levers are located in the front and rear parts of the console. The levers have devices for attaching to the towing eyes of the car and are located across from the vehicle mounted on the console. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- interference with the design of the car;

- large dimensions of the device;

- large metal consumption.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method of increasing the cross-country ability of a car and a device for its implementation (patent RU 2474510, publ. 09/20/2012), in which a method of increasing cross-country ability is that in a car, the wheels are pairwise left front - left rear and right front - right rear dress caterpillars. The leading and driven branches of the tracks are located below the axis of rotation of the wheels. Between the front and rear wheels there are carriages with rollers. Between the carriages there is a spacer device consisting of two shock absorbers and a device for tensioning the track. Using a spacer device create an interference fit to the tracks. Caterpillar movers drive the wheels of the car, while the caterpillars themselves operate like a belt drive. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the ability to slide tracks from the wheels;

- clogging of the brake rollers with snow or mud during operation, which leads to the impossibility of blocking the track and, accordingly, turning;

- interference with the design of the car;

- a roller with an electric brake cannot guarantee to lock and, if necessary, brake the on-board unit for a smooth turn, since it is not possible to place known braking systems of sufficient strength inside a small-diameter roller, and blocking by means of a gear clutch will not allow a smooth turn.

The task to which the invention is directed is the development of a caterpillar attachment for a car that eliminates all of these drawbacks of analogues.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the claimed quick-detachable crawler attachment contains a caterpillar covering the support rollers fixed to the frame, at least one gear wheel, on the frame there are two brackets with bearing assemblies with a base equal to the wheel base of the car, into which with the cone axles with a bolt hole are fitted with gear wheels with brake drums and rubber hooks, on which a track is thrown with an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the wheels of the car, there are arches with uprights For idler gear rollers, an electrohydro pusher is installed on the front gear bracket, made on the basis of a high pressure fuel pump with a wire for connecting to a joystick with a connector and an earring for a belt brake and four coupling halves with bushings in which conical and threaded holes with flanges are made with holes, kerchiefs and studs, while the electrohydro pusher consists of a housing with a flange and a plug, divided into two low and high pressure cavities by a piston with an integrated electric a drone pump, moreover, hermetically seated terminals with wires are made in the high-pressure cavity, and a spring is installed in the low-pressure cavity. The quick-detachable crawler attachment is either right-handed or left-handed. The electrohydro pusher is mounted on the bracket parallel to the tangent line of the brake drum. The quick-detachable crawler attachment also has protection against snow and dirt, which consists of collars made on the brake drum, a flap made on the brake belt, and flap valves inside the brake drum attached at one end to the inner surface of the brake drum.

The technical result provided by the given set of features is:

- quick installation and dismantling in the field using one balloon key, no need to lift the car;

- the installed coupling halves do not affect the driving performance of the vehicle without a crawler attachment;

- the on-board module frame securely fixes the wheels, preventing the caterpillar from sliding off the gears;

- belt brakes and a drum with holes with protection against snow and dirt are guaranteed to block the gear with the track module of the on-board module;

- an electrohydro pusher, made on the basis of a high-pressure fuel pump, generates a force of 200 kg in 1 second, and through an earring this force increases by 2 times, which is enough for a self-reinforcing belt brake to block the gears with tracks, and if necessary, short cuts, less than 1 s, create slight friction and smoothly turn the vehicle;

- less specific pressure on the soil due to the longer track length;

- the load on the steering system of the car does not increase.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a quick-detachable tracked attachment;

In FIG. 2 is a diagram of a fast-mounted gearing of an on-board module with vehicle wheels;

In FIG. 3 shows an electrical diagram;

In FIG. 4 shows an electrohydro pusher.

The quick-detachable crawler attachment consists of two on-board modules, consisting of a frame 1 with an arm 2 and bearing units 3 with a base equal to the wheelbase of the car, into which gears 6 with brake drums 7 and rubberized are fitted with a taper axis 4 with a hole for bolt 5 hooks 8, on which the caterpillar track 9 is thrown with an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the wheels of the car by 10-20 mm. Supporting rollers 10 are installed on the frame, there is also an arch 11 with struts 12 for tensioning toothed rollers 13. The number of supporting rollers is at least four. An electrohydraulic pusher 14 is installed on the bracket 2, made on the basis of a high-pressure fuel pump, with a wire 15 for connecting to the joystick 16 with a connector 17 and an earring 18 for a belt brake 19 and four coupling halves 20 with bushings 21 in which conical 22 and threaded 23 holes are made , with flanges 24 with holes, kerchiefs 25 and studs 26. Electrohydropusher 14 is installed on the brackets 2 of the front gears and consists of a housing 27 with a flange 28 and a plug, divided into two cavities of high 29 and low 30 pressure piston 31 with sun triple electric pump 32, and in the high-pressure cavity made hermetically seated terminals 33 with wires 34, and in the low-pressure cavity installed spring 35.

The drawings also show: car wheels 36, self-aligning bearing 37 to compensate for skews, snow and dirt protection 38, car door 39, car wheel nut 40, car wheel bolt 41, electrohydro pusher port 42, electrohydro pusher port 43.

Protection from snow and dirt consists of two collars made on the brake drum, a flap made on the brake tape, and flap valves inside the brake drum, attached at one end to the inner surface of the brake drum so that the valves tend to close when the brake drum rotates.

The quick-detachable crawler attachment is either right-handed or left-handed.

Quick-detachable crawler attachment works as follows.

Before you go on a car on a trip in which off-road driving is provided, the wheel nuts of the car are alternately replaced with studs 26, on which coupling halves 20 are put on and fixed with regular wheel nuts. The on-board modules are attached to the trunk of the car using, for example, clamps. In this form, the car can move without restriction on all roads and highways. When approaching the ramp on the road, you need to choose a flat area to stop and turn off the car engine. Then remove the on-board modules from the trunk of the car and insert the taper axis 4 into the taper holes 22 and use the bolts 5 to fix the on-board modules on the coupling halves 20. Then lay the wires 15 under the doors of the car and connect it to the joystick 16, the connector 17 of which is inserted into the car socket. Then get into the car, start the engine and, without turning the steering wheel, start moving. The torque from the car’s wheels through the coupling halves 20 will be transmitted to the rubberized hooks 8 of the gears 6 and the caterpillar tracks 9. Moreover, the regular wheels of the car will bear the main load on a solid surface, and when driving on unstable soils when the wheels fail, the tracks will be loaded by caterpillars 9 and support rollers 10, reducing the specific pressure on the ground. When the joystick is turned on to the right or left, the belt brakes 19 of the right or left side module will be clamped, stopping or slowing down the right side module when turning right, then the left when turning left, respectively. If you need straightforward movement, you need to release the joystick, both on-board modules are unlocked and the car will move straight.

Thus, this quick-detachable crawler attachment, when used, does not require changes in the design of the car, has small dimensions, due to which it allows you to transport it on the trunk of the car.

Claims (4)

1. Quick-detachable caterpillar attachment containing a caterpillar, covering supporting rollers fixed to the frame, at least one gear wheel, characterized in that the frame has two brackets with bearing assemblies with a base equal to the wheel base of the vehicle, into which, with the help of the conical axis, gear holes with brake drums and rubber hooks are planted on the bolt hole, on which a track is thrown with an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the wheels of the car, there are arches with struts for tension gear rollers at the same time, an electrohydro pusher is installed on the bracket of the front gear wheels, made on the basis of a high-pressure fuel pump with a wire for connecting to a joystick with a connector and an earring for a belt brake and four coupling halves with bushings in which conical and threaded holes with flanges with holes are made, with kerchiefs and studs, the electrohydraulic pusher consists of a housing with a flange and a plug, divided into two low and high pressure cavities by a piston with an integrated electrohydraulic pump, and in polo whith high pressure formed hermetically planted terminals with the wires and the low-pressure chamber a spring. 2. Quick-detachable crawler attachment according to p. 1, characterized in that it is either either right-handed or left-handed. 3. Quick-detachable crawler attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrohydro pusher is mounted on the bracket parallel to the tangent line of the brake drum. 4. Quick-detachable crawler attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that there is protection against snow and dirt, which consists of collars made on the brake drum, a shield made on the brake belt, and flap valves inside the brake drum, attached at one end to the inner surface of the brake drum.

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