RU2538389C1 - Disintegrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: disintegrator contains a housing with discharge holes, in which vertically installed are lower and upper working members of conic form with V-shaped ribs, a gap between working members tapering downwards and forming a working chamber. Under working members in lower part of the housing there installed is a sieve-separator with grooves for separation of mill feed material by fractions. Shafts of working members are mounted on two supports. Shaft of the lower working member is located inside the shaft of upper working member.

EFFECT: improving quality of crush and milling.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for fine grinding, mixing and mechanical activation of materials, including materials with a nanostructure, and can be used in various industries, mainly in construction, where disintegration technology is used.

Known centrifugal propellant crusher containing a cylindrical body with an axially mounted working body, which is an accelerating disk [http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/219/2193447.html].

The main disadvantage of this crusher is the cantilever arrangement of the working bodies, which limits its practical application (it is mainly used for crushing and grinding very fragile materials).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed disintegrator and taken as a prototype is a centrifugal cone shredder (patent RU No. 2193447). The centrifugal cone shredder includes a cylindrical body with vertically mounted upper and lower counter-rotating working bodies. The lower working body is a truncated cone with V-shaped ribs installed along the generatrices of the conical surfaces, on the upper base of which there are accelerating ribs. The upper working body has the shape of a conical recess, the inner surface of which, like the conical part of the lower working body, is made of V-shaped ribs. The gap between the conical surfaces of the working bodies forms a working chamber.

The disadvantages of this grinder are:

1. The cantilever arrangement of the working bodies causes large reaction forces of the supports and instability from the point of view of the dynamics of the process.

2. Vibrations occur at large revolutions of the working bodies, and if the natural frequencies of the vibration of these bodies coincide, this can lead to resonance and large destructive forces in the bearing supports.

3. The impossibility of crushing hard rocks.

4. The inability to sort the crushed particles from the working chamber of the grinder and their separation into fractions.

5. Inability to control the required size of the obtained fractions.

An object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a disintegrator containing a cylindrical body with upper loading and lower discharge openings, vertically mounted upper and lower counter-rotating working bodies, the lower working body is made in the form of a truncated cone with V-shaped ribs installed along the generatrices, the upper the working body has the shape of a conical recess, on the inner surface of which ribs of a V-shape are made, and the gap between the working bodies forms a working chamber, of the invention, both working bodies are mounted on two supports, with the shaft of the lower working body located inside the shaft of the upper working body, the disintegrator is equipped with a separator sieve installed obliquely in the lower part of the body at an angle of 5-20 ° to the horizontal, and grooves for removal of the crushed material through discharge openings.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the sieve separator is installed at an angle exceeding the angle of friction of the material along the plane of the sieve separator by 2-10 °.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the sieve separator is equipped with a cam shaker to increase the screening intensity.

To clarify the technical nature of the proposed disintegrator presents its structural diagram in figure 1, and figure 2 - section aa.

The disintegrator consists of a housing 1 with an upper loading hole, over which a hopper is installed 2. In the housing 1, the upper working element 3 and the lower working body 4 are vertically mounted inside the upper working body 3. The shaft of the working body 4 is installed in the supports 5 and 6. The shaft the working body 3 is located in the supports 7 and 8, while the shaft of the lower working body 4 is located inside the shaft of the upper working body 3. The working body 3 is made in the form of a conical recess, on the inner surface of which are made V-shaped ribs 9 from naso-resistant material. The lower working body 4 is made in the form of a truncated cone with V-shaped ribs also made of wear-resistant material installed along the generatrices of the cone 4. On the upper base of the lower working body 4 there are radially spaced ribs 10. The gap between the upper working body 3 and the lower working body 4 forms a working chamber 11, by changing the diameters of the working bodies 3 and 4, the chamber 11 is made tapering downward. The lower working body 4 and the upper working body 3 rotate in opposite directions from the individual electric motors 12 and 16. The upper working body 3 is driven from the electric motor 12 by means of pulleys 13 and 14 and the belt drive 15. The lower working body 4 is driven by the electric motor 16, using pulleys 17 and 18 and a belt drive 19. The lower part of the housing 1 under the working bodies 3 and 4 is inclined to the horizon at an angle of 5-20 °, a sieve separator 20 is installed, while the angle of inclination should exceed the angle of friction of the material along the plane and sieve separator 20 to 2-10 °. The upper working body 3 in the lower part is equipped with spokes 21 for the passage of crushed material. The crushed material passes through the spokes 21 into the sieve separator 20. The sieve separator 20 is equipped with a cam mechanism 22 to intensify the shaking of the crushed material. In the groove 23, a large fraction is discharged through the discharge window into the hopper 24. The crushed material of a given fraction is discharged through the groove 25 into the hopper 26

The disintegrator (figure 1) works as follows.

In the disintegrator, the material is fed through the hopper 2 into the working chamber 11, in which there is a process of crushing and activation of the surface of the crushed material. To increase the speed and intensity of grinding material, the working bodies 3 and 4 rotate in opposite directions. The crushed material from the working chamber 11 passes into the lower part of the housing 1 through the spokes 21 and enters the sieve separator 20. The sieve separator 20 is equipped with a cam mechanism 22, which imparts a vibrational sinusoidal movement to the sieve separator. As a result of shaking, the small fraction passes through the sieve separator and falls into the trough for small fractions 25. Thus, the crushed material is divided into fractions: the small fraction goes into the hopper 26, and the large fraction along the sieve separator 20 under the influence of shaking with the cam 22 the gutter passes into the hopper for large fractions 24.

To ensure multi-mode operation and prevent energy loss at the start of startup by smoothly regulating the speed of working bodies, the disintegrator motors 12 and 16 can be equipped with frequency converters controlled via a computer (not shown in the diagram). In the proposed design of the disintegrator, the shafts of the working bodies are mounted on two supports, which eliminates the occurrence of large reaction forces of the supports, reduces vibration and ensures reliable uninterrupted operation. The installation of a sieve separator allows you to distribute the crushed and activated material into predetermined fractions.

Claims (3)

1. A disintegrator containing a cylindrical body with upper loading and lower discharge openings, vertically mounted upper and lower counter-rotating working bodies, the lower working body is made in the form of a truncated cone with V-shaped ribs installed along the generatrices, the upper working body is conical recesses, on the inner surface of which V-shaped ribs are made, and the gap between the working bodies forms a working chamber, characterized in that both working bodies are installed s on two supports, and the shaft of the lower working body is located inside the shaft of the upper working body, the disintegrator is equipped with a separator sieve installed obliquely in the lower part of the body at an angle of 5-20 ° to the horizontal, and grooves for removal of the crushed material through the discharge holes. 2. The disintegrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve separator is installed at an angle exceeding the angle of friction of the material along the plane of the sieve separator by 2 ... 10 °. 3. The disintegrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator sieve is equipped with a cam shaker to increase the intensity of sifting and fractionation of the crushed material.

Images