RU2537880C1 - Protective jacket of rescuers operating in conditions of increased radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment of rescuers in emergency situations, in particular to equipment of rescues during salvage and rescue operations in conditions of natural and man-caused disasters, causing destruction of objects, as well as under conditions of road traffic accidents. In the clothes of rescuers operating under conditions of flying and falling objects of the destructible facility, consisting of a protective jacket against mechanical impact, an overall, a vest, and a helmet of the rescuer, at that the protective jacket has in front a central board fastener "zipper", closed by the windscreen valve on buttons, lateral and vertical zip-through slash pockets, volume patch pocket for portable radio set and a zip-through slash pocket on the shoulder yoke on the left and right, respectively, on the right sleeve there is a slash pocket with the flap, and on the back of the jacket there is the inscription "MES of RUSSIA", and at the lower edge the jacket is tied up with the cord with clamps, the lower edge of the sleeves is processed with a cuff tied up with an elastic band and a strap with a textile fastener, and the sewn-in hood retractable into the pocket in the collar has the regulation on the face cut-out with an elastic cord, and on the chest line and on the jacket lower edge, on the front and back, as well as on the lower edge of the sleeves the reflective stripes are sewn, and there is a removable insulation fastened to the sides of the jacket zip-through, and in front the lower patch pockets and the knitted collar, and the overall has a zip-through fastener, closed by the flaps on the buttons, and the stitched straps, the free ends of which are attached to the front upper part with zupfer locks, while below the waist line of the overall there are side zip-through slash pockets, at the level of the chest, on the right, a zip-through slash pocket is located, in the knee area - the side slash pockets with a textile fastener, and on the right - a pocket for knife, on the waist line there are five belt loops, the areas of knees and the seating area are reinforced with plates, the lower part of the overall has zip-through puffs and cords with locks enveloping the boots, and below the knee area the reflective stripes are stitched, and the removable insulation fastened with buttons to the top of the overall, has a zip-through fastener, a drawstring with a hole on the waist line, knitted ribs and foot loops, and the vest is made single-piece latched on textile fastener and has a reflective stripes at the bottom, on the back of the vest there is the inscription "MES of RUSSIA", and helmet of type "Cromwell ER1" is made of thermoplastic - high-temperature-resistant, a visor and sunglasses - of polycarbonate, the protective jacket is made with a protective sheath consisting of a fabric lining, connections with the protective sheaths, and in the fabric lining the elastic frame racks are secured by clamps on the belt, the protective sheaths are attached to the elastic frame racks, the protective sheath is made three-layered, and the first layer, facing the environment surrounding the operator, is made in the form of interconnected rings, the material of which is used as stainless steel, the third layer, facing the operator's body, is made of perforated polymeric material, for example aramid fibre, and the second layer, located between them, is made elastic of elastic mesh elements, and the density of mesh structure of elastic mesh elements is in the optimal range of values of 1.2 g/cm³-2.0 g/cm³, and the material of wire of the elastic mesh elements - the steel EI-708, and its diameter is in the optimal range of values of 0.09 mm - 0.15 mm.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of protection of rescuer under conditions of flying and falling objects of destructible facility.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the equipment of rescuers in the field of emergency, in particular for the equipment of rescuers during emergency rescue operations in conditions of increased radiation.

Known set of special protective clothing "TEMP" of the company "SNK +", published on the website http://snkplus.ru/odejda_zashknaya_mchs [1], which consists of a jacket and semi-overalls, lined with removable insulation, as well as a signal vest, moreover the main material for the top of the kit is a raincoat fabric "Lana" of dark blue color; material for a signal vest - Tourist fabric, non-shrink yellow-green or orange; the main material for removable insulation is a non-woven three-dimensional heat-insulating fabric of the “sintepon” type, resistant to dry cleaning, 120 g / m ² ; signal marking - retroreflective strip of the company "3M", width 50 mm - [prototype].

A disadvantage of the known design of lifeguard clothes is the relatively low protection against the mechanical impact of the lifeguard in the conditions of flying and falling objects of a collapsing object.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a protective jacket according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2481542, consisting of a fabric lining connected to the protective shells, elastic frame racks are fixed in the fabric lining by means of latches on the belt, and the protective shells are attached to the elastic frame racks, the protective shell is made three layer.

Known protective gloves (according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2481051) for operators working with a source of electromagnetic radiation, which are included in the kit with a protective jacket.

A disadvantage of the known protective jacket is a relatively low degree of protection against biological factors, radiation, as well as the protection of a lifeguard in the conditions of flying and falling objects of a collapsing object.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the effectiveness of the lifeguard's protection in conditions of increased radiation, biological factors, as well as flying and falling objects of a collapsing object.

This is achieved by the fact that in the protective jacket, consisting of a fabric lining, compounds with protective shells, elastic frame racks are fixed in the fabric lining by means of clamps on the belt, and the protective shells are mounted on elastic frame racks, the protective shell is made of three layers, the first layer facing into the environment surrounding the operator, made in the form of interconnected rings, the material of which is used stainless steel, the third layer facing the body of the operator is made of perforated polymeric material, for example aramid fiber, and the second layer located between them is made of elastic mesh elements, while the density of the mesh structure of elastic mesh elements is in the optimal range of 1.2 g / cm ³ ... 2.0 g / cm ³ moreover, the material of the wire of the elastic mesh elements is steel EI-708, and its diameter is in the optimal range of 0.09 mm ... 0.15 mm.

Figure 1 shows a frontal projection of the design of the protective jacket, figure 2 is a protective kit "EMERCOM of RUSSIA", figure 3 is a diagram of the protective shell of a protective jacket, figure 4 is a General view of the protective gloves, figure 5 is a General view of a lifeguard helmet.

The design of the protective jacket from (Fig. 1) consists of a fabric lining 1, in which the elastic frame racks 2 are fixed by means of the clips 4 on the belt 5. The protective shells 3 (Fig. 3) are mounted on the elastic frame racks 2 over the entire area of the lifeguard torso.

Each of the protective shells 3 is made three-layer, and the first layer facing the environment of the lifeguard is made in the form of interconnected rings, the material of which is stainless steel. The third layer 6, facing the body of the rescuer, is made of perforated polymeric material, for example, aramid fiber, and the second layer 7 (Fig. 3) located between them is made elastic of elastic mesh elements, while the density of the mesh structure of elastic mesh elements is in the optimal range of values is 1.2 g / cm ³ ... 2.0 g / cm ³ , and the wire material of the elastic mesh elements is steel grade EI-708, and its diameter is in the optimal range of 0.09 mm ... 0.15 mm

Protective jacket, a textile fiber material with bioprotective properties based on natural or chemical fibers, including biologically active polyester fiber obtained by modifying the fiber during crazing, with a linear density of at least 0.33 tex and a linear density is used as the fabric for the top of the jacket natural or chemical fiber is 0.33 ÷ 0.51 of its linear density with the following content of components, wt.%: natural or chemical fiber 70 ÷ 95; biologically active polyester fiber 5 ÷ 30.

A set of lifeguard clothes (Fig. 2) includes a protective jacket 1, which has a central zipper on the front side 11, closed with a windproof valve on buttons (not shown in the drawing), side and vertical welt pockets with a zipper, and a patch voluminous pocket for a walkie-talkie and a welt pocket with a “zipper” on the shoulder yoke left and right, respectively (not shown in the drawing). There is a welt pocket with a flap on the right sleeve. On the back of the jacket is the inscription "EMERCOM OF RUSSIA." On the bottom of the jacket is pulled together by a cord 12 with clamps. The bottom of the sleeves is treated with a cuff, tightened with an elastic tape and a strap with a textile fastener. The set-in hood 10, which is retractable in a pocket on the collar, has adjustment according to the front cut-out with the help of an elastic cord. Reflective stripes are sewn along the chest line, on the bottom of the jacket, on the front and on the back, and also on the bottom of the sleeves. The removable insulation, fastened to the sides of the jacket with a "zipper", has front patch pockets and a knitted collar in front.

Semi-overalls 8 has a zipper closure, closed by a valve on the buttons, as well as stitched straps, the free ends of which are attached to the front upper part with zupfer locks. Side welt pockets with a zipper are placed below the waistline of the semi-overalls, a welt pocket with a zipper is located on the right of the chest line on the right, and side welt pockets with a textile fastener in the knee area, including on the right is a pocket for a knife (not shown in the drawing). Five loops are located along the waistline. The knee area and the seating area are reinforced with pads (not shown in the drawing). The bottom of the overalls has pockets with "zippers" and cords with a retainer covering the boots 9. Reflective strips are sewn below the knee area. The removable insulation, fastened to the jumpsuit on top of the buttons, has a zipper fastener, a drawstring with a cord along the waistline, knitted erasers and crochets. The vest is made of one-piece with fixation on a textile fastener and has a retroreflective strip at the bottom. On the back of the vest is the inscription "Ministry of Emergencies

Rescuers' clothing is equipped with protective gloves (Fig. 4) and a rescue helmet (Fig. 5) of the “Cromwell ER1” type, intended for field trips in rescue operations in various accidents where the use of a fire helmet is not required (accident, fires in the forest, rescue water operations, search and rescue of victims under the rubble, accidents at industrial enterprises). The Cromwell ER1 helmet is made of thermoplastic (high temperature resistant PVC). Visor and glasses - polycarbonate.

Protective gloves (figure 4) for operators working with a source of electromagnetic radiation and increased radiation, consist of a fabric lining connected to the protective and outer shells, while the protective shell is made in the form of interconnected rings, the material of which is used stainless steel or polymeric materials, while the outer and protective shells are coated with a composite material for protection against electromagnetic radiation, consisting of a polymer base in which particles of compounds are distributed (Fe, Si) or Co with a nanocrystalline structure with a bulk density of (0.6 ÷ 4.4) · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ³ , while the polymer base for fixing the position of powder particles with a nanocrystalline structure is made in the form of alternating structural elements located at an angle of 90 ° to each other, and each of the elements is made in the form of particles arranged in parallel rows of elongated shape, and the particles located to the left and to the right of it are shifted by an amount not exceeding half the maximum particle size, while optimal o the next range of bulk densities of nanocrystals in an amorphous matrix: more than 0.6 · 10 ^-5 1 / Nm ^3, but less than 1.4 x 10 ^-5 1 / ^Nm3.

The outer shell of the protective gloves, as well as that of the protective jacket, is made of an X-ray protective material containing a polymeric binder, a catalyst, a powdery filler based on oxides of elements with different absorbing powers in the X-ray radiation range, while low molecular weight silicon is used as a polymeric binder rubber, as a catalyst - an organometallic compound from the group of caprylic acid and tin (IV) salts, and the filler contains rare earth oxides x elements with atomic numbers of elements 51,58-71, yttrium oxide, antimony oxide (III) with a particle size within the range of 0.5-30 microns, with the following component ratio, mass parts .: siliceous low molecular weight rubber - 100; the catalyst is 6-8; the filler is 350-450, while the antimony (III) oxide and Σ of REE and yttrium oxides are taken in a ratio of 1: 1.

Protective jacket of rescuers operating in conditions of increased radiation, works as follows.

Protective jacket 1 for rescuers also protects a person in the winter season from sudden blows from flying and falling objects of a collapsing object. The implementation of the frame racks 2 elastic allows you to mitigate the impact, protective shells 3 prevent injury to the skin of the lifeguard.

The ER1 helmet can also be used by paramedics, lifeguards on the water and civil defense - it is equipped with goggles and an accessory for optional ear protection. In addition, this helmet can be made for use in a helicopter (not by pilots), coastguards and airborne marine rescuers, etc. When developing the helmet, international anthropometric data were used for men and women - members of the fire and rescue teams. These data include differences of many ethnic groups, which makes this helmet convenient for use in all countries by representatives of any nationalities.

Using the proposed device will significantly increase the safety of rescuers in the conditions of flying and falling objects of a collapsing object.

Claims (4)

1. The protective jacket of rescuers operating in conditions of increased radiation, consisting of a protective jacket from mechanical stress, semi-overalls, a vest and a helmet of a lifeguard, while the protective jacket has a central side zipper on the front, closed with a windproof button flap, side and vertical welt pockets with a zipper, patch patch pocket for a walkie-talkie and a welt pocket with a zipper on the shoulder yoke left and right, respectively, on the right sleeve there is a welt pocket with a flap, and on the back the inscription “Ministry of Emergencies of RUSSIA” is located on the jacket, the jacket being pulled down on the bottom by a cord with clamps, the bottom of the sleeves is treated with a cuff, pulled together with an elastic tape and a strap with a textile fastener, the set-in hood, which is pocketed on the collar, is adjustable for the front cut-out using an elastic cord, and on the chest line, on the bottom of the jacket, on the front and on the back, and also on the bottom of the sleeves, retroreflective strips are sewn, while there is a removable insulation that is fastened to the sides of the jacket with a “zipper”, front patch pockets on the front, etc. a knitted collar, and the jumpsuit has a zipper fastener closed by a flap on the buttons, as well as stitched straps, the free ends of which are attached to the front upper part with zip-locks, while side welt pockets with a “zipper” are placed below the waist line of the jumpsuit at the level of the chest line, on the right, there is a welt pocket with a “zipper”, in the knee area there are side welt pockets on a textile fastener, as well as a knife pocket on the right, five loops along the waist line, the knee area and the seat area are reinforced s overlays, the bottom of the overalls has pouches with a “zipper” and cords with a retainer covering the boots, and reflective strips are sewn below the knee area, and the removable insulation, fastened to the bib overalls on top with buttons, has a zipper, a drawstring with a cord along the line waist, knitted erasers and crochets, and the vest is made of one-piece with fixation on a textile fastener and has a retroreflective strip at the bottom, on the back of the vest there is an inscription "Ministry of Emergencies of RUSSIA", a helmet of the type "Cromwell ER1" is made of thermoplastic - high temperature-resistant, and the visor and glasses are made of polycarbonate, characterized in that the protective jacket is made with a protective shell, consisting of a fabric lining, compounds with protective shells, and elastic frame racks are fixed in the fabric lining by means of latches on the belt, the protective shells are mounted on elastic frame racks, the protective shell is made of three layers, and the first layer facing the environment surrounding the operator is made in the form of interconnected rings, the material of which is used stainless steel, the third layer facing the operator’s body is made of perforated polymeric material, for example, aramid fiber, and the second layer located between them is made of elastic mesh elements, while the density of the mesh structure of elastic mesh elements is in the optimal range of 1, 2 g / cm ³ ... 2.0 g / cm ³ , moreover, the material of the wire of the elastic mesh elements is EI-708 steel, and its diameter is in the optimal range of 0.09 mm ... 0.15 mm. 2. The protective jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabric for the top of the jacket uses a textile fiber material with bioprotective properties based on natural or chemical fibers, including biologically active polyester fiber obtained by modifying the fiber during crazing, with a linear density not less than 0.33 tex, and the linear density of a natural or chemical fiber is 0.33 ÷ 0.51 of its linear density with the following content of components, wt.%: natural or chemical fiber 70 ÷ 95, bi logically active polyester fiber 5 ÷ 30. 3. The protective jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer shell is made of an X-ray protective material containing a polymeric binder, a catalyst, a powdery filler based on oxides of elements with different absorbance in the X-ray radiation range, while a low molecular weight silicon-containing material is used as the polymeric binder rubber, as a catalyst, an organometallic compound from the group of caprylic acid and tin (IV) salts, and the filler contains rare earth oxides entes with serial numbers of elements 51.58 - 71, yttrium oxide, antimony (III) oxide with a particle size in the range of 0.5-30 μm, with the following ratio of components, parts by weight: silicon-containing low molecular weight rubber - 100, catalyst - 6 -8, the filler is 350-450, while the antimony (III) oxide and Σ of REE and yttrium oxides are taken in a ratio of 1: 1. 4. The protective jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains protective gloves for operators working with an electromagnetic radiation source, consisting of a fabric lining connected to the protective and outer shells, while the protective shell is made in the form of interconnected rings, as the material of which stainless steel or polymeric materials are used, while the outer and protective shells are coated with a composite material for protection against electromagnetic radiation, consisting of a polymer base, in which particles of compounds (Fe, Si) or Co with a nanocrystalline structure with a bulk density of (0.6 ÷ 4.4) · 10 ^-5 1 / nm ^{3 are} distributed, while the polymer base for fixing the position of powder particles with a nanocrystalline structure is made in the form of alternating between structural elements located at an angle of 90 ° to each other, and each of the elements is made in the form of particles arranged in parallel rows of elongated shape, and the particles located to the left and to the right of it are shifted by an amount not exceeding half the maximum particle size , The following range is optimum bulk density values of the nanocrystals in an amorphous matrix: more than 0.6 · 10 ^-5 1 / Nm ^3, but less than 1.4 x 10 ^-5 1 / Nm ^3, and the outer shell of protective gloves made of X-ray a material containing a polymeric binder, a catalyst, a powdery filler based on oxides of elements with different absorption capacity in the x-ray range of radiation, while low molecular weight silicon-containing rubber is used as a polymer binder, as a catalyst - an organometallic compound from the group of caprylic acid and tin (IV) salts, and the filler contains rare earth oxides with element numbers 51, 58-71, yttrium oxide, antimony (III) oxide with a particle size in the range of 0.5-30 μm, in the following ratio of components, parts by weight: silicon-containing low molecular weight rubber - 100, catalyst - 6-8, filler - 350-450, while antimony (III) oxide and Σ of REE and yttrium oxides are taken in a ratio of 1: 1.

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