RU2536092C1 - Device to observe gas medium moving in channel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement equipment.SUBSTANCE: device to observe gas medium moving in a working channel, including finely dispersed particles of a substance, comprises a window from optically transparent material, structurally connected to the working channel to ensure possibility of monitoring over motion of gas medium. Besides, the window is located outside the working channel to create a cavity that directly communicates to the inner volume of this channel and is connected to it by a drainage pipeline, providing for maintenance of static pressure in the cavity equal to or exceeding static pressure in the moving gas medium. At the same time the drainage pipeline is equipped with a facility that excludes ingress of finely dispersed particles of the substance into the cavity between the window and the working channel. Besides, the facility providing for elimination of substance particles ingress into the cavity between the window and the working channel, may be the following depending on the physical condition of the gas medium: if gas medium containing finely dispersed particles is chemically neutral, a filter may be used. And when gas medium comprises finely dispersed particles in the form of saturated vapours of the substance, a condenser may be used.EFFECT: provision of possibility to observe moving gas medium, containing finely dispersed particles of a substance, without effect of condensation at optical elements of observation devices.3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The device relates to the field of measurement technology, namely to means for observing moving gas streams containing fine particles of matter, and can be used to control the parameters of the flow of gas media.

It is known that it is used as a part of a laser based on a vapor of chemical elements (RF patent 2170999, publ. July 20, 2001 [1]), which acts as a window for observing a mirror enclosed in a closed volume of a stationary gas medium, in order to protect which from condensation of chemical element vapors an installed in front of him in a gas environment is a trap separator.

The disadvantage of this device is that, if necessary, to monitor the moving flow of a gaseous medium, the capabilities of the trap-separator are limited.

A device is known for determining the concentration of particles of a substance in a gas stream (application for invention of the Russian Federation 94021135, published on June 27, 1996 [2]), where a protective glass made of quartz (an optically transparent material) structurally associated with is used as a means of monitoring the dust and gas medium flow (window); working channel with the ability to control the movement of the gas medium.

The disadvantage of this device is that if it is necessary to monitor a moving gas medium containing fine particles of a substance, the condensation process on the window will make it difficult or impossible to make the necessary observations and measurements.

The problem of controlling the parameters of gaseous media containing fine particles of matter is relevant, for example, in connection with the development of the direction of laser technology - alkali metal vapor lasers.

The technical result consists in making it possible to observe a moving gas medium containing fine particles of a substance without the effect of condensation on the optical elements of the observation devices.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that, in contrast to the known device for monitoring a gas medium moving along a working channel, including finely divided particles of a substance containing a window of optically transparent material, structurally connected to the working channel with the possibility of monitoring the movement of the gas medium, the proposed device, the window is located outside the working channel with the formation of a cavity that communicates directly with the internal volume of this channel and the drainage connected to it m pipeline, ensuring that the static pressure in the cavity is equal to or greater than the static pressure in a moving gas medium, and the drainage pipe is equipped with a means to prevent the ingress of fine particles of matter into the cavity between the window and the working channel.

In addition, as a means of eliminating the ingress of particles of matter into the cavity between the window and the working channel, they can be used depending on the physical state of the gas medium: in the case when the gas medium containing fine particles is chemically neutral, a filter can be used, and in the case where the gaseous medium contains fine particles in the form of saturated vapor of a substance, a capacitor can be used.

That is, in the device for determining the concentration of particles in the gas stream [2], the optical elements are located directly in the working channel with the gas medium and there is no protection system against condensation of vapors of fine particles on the optical elements, and the effect of condensation on the measurements is eliminated by the calibration device.

A drainage pipe is introduced and integrated into the internal volume of the working channel in such a way that the dynamic pressure in the working channel with the observed gas medium is drawn into the static pressure in the formed cavity, which leads to a pressure in the cavity equal to or greater than the pressure in the working channel. Compliance with this pressure ratio in combination with the use of a means in the drainage channel that excludes the ingress of fine particles from the working channel (and, as a result, the drainage pipe) into the cavity between the window structurally connected by the claimed method and the working channel (the cavity is clean of particles), and creates conditions that prevent condensation from appearing on the window.

In FIG. Functional diagram of the device is presented.

The device contains forming a cavity communicating with the working channel, a frame (1) integrated into the working channel (3) on the one hand, and on the other hand an optically transparent substrate (2) (window) sealed on the frame outside the working channel. The frame is connected to the working channel (3), through which the studied gas medium moves, by a drainage pipe (4). The drainage pipeline is equipped with a means (5), which ensures that the substance does not enter the cavity between the window (2) and the working channel (3). Thus, the observation of the gaseous medium was carried out through optically transparent windows, because condensation on them is excluded.

In a specific embodiment, with the achievement of the claimed technical result, helium with alkali metal vapors is used as the observed gaseous medium with fine particles of the substance. Elements of the device are made of stainless steel, copper (1, 4, 5) and quartz (2). A means for eliminating the ingress of alkali metal vapor from the drainage pipe into the cavity between the window and the working channel is a capacitor.

The device operates as follows. Channel (3) moves a gaseous medium containing vapors of chemicals having a total pressure P _{GENERAL 0} , defined by the ratio:

P _{TOTAL 0} = P _{STAT. 0} + P _DIN.0 ,

where P _STAT.0 is the static pressure in the working channel, P _DIN.0 is the dynamic pressure in the drainage pipe at the inlet. The inlet of the drainage pipeline (4) is installed towards the direction of the gas mixture flow. Dynamic pressure P _{DIN 0} creates a pressure head P _{DIN 1} in the drainage pipe at the inlet. The geometry of the drainage pipeline at the inlet is calculated so that the pressure head P _DIN.1 creates additional pressure P _STAT.1 in the cavity formed by the frame (1) between the window (2) and the working channel (3) so that the following condition is met :

P _STAT. 1 _≥P STAT. ₀

When this condition is met, pairs of chemical elements will not penetrate into the cavity between the window (2) and the working channel (3), which will exclude their condensation on optically transparent windows and, therefore, will make it possible to observe a moving gas medium containing fine particles of matter, without the effect of condensation on the optical elements of surveillance devices.

Claims (3)

1. A device for monitoring a gas medium moving along a working channel, including fine particles of a substance, containing a window of optically transparent material, structurally connected with the working channel with the possibility of monitoring the movement of the gas medium, characterized in that the window is located outside the working channel with the formation of a cavity communicating directly with the internal volume of this channel and connected to it by a drainage pipe, ensuring the maintenance of static pressure in the cavity equal to sludge higher than the static pressure in the moving gas environment, wherein the drain pipe is equipped with means for precluding penetration of fine particulate material into the cavity between the window and a working channel. 2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a filter is used as a means. 3. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a capacitor is used as a means.