RU2528702C1 - Method of crushing in roll crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: material to be crushed is supplied into the gap between a rotating roll (1) and a fixed jaw (2) to crush lump materials in a roll crusher. The crusher comprises a case, a driven roll and a fixed jaw. The roll surface is fitted by protrusions in the form of ridges placed parallel to the roll axis and directed to the roll rotation side by their points. The ridge height falls within 7-10% of the crushed piece size. Initial angle of the ridge's inclined surface rise exceeds the angle of friction between the roll and the crushed material, but does not exceed 45°.

EFFECT: method allows for the increase of crushing level in a roll crusher.

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Description

The invention relates to roller crushers and can be used for grinding materials.

A known method of crushing in a roll crusher containing a housing in which two rolls with a drive are installed, while the crushed material is fed into the gap between the rotating rolls, and the destruction occurs due to compression of the crushed material between the rolls (see Machines and assemblies of metallurgical plants. T. 1. / Under the editorship of A.I. Tselikov, Moscow: Metallurgy, 1987, p. 82, fig. III.5).

The disadvantage of this method is the high energy consumption per unit of finished product, since when it enters the crushing chamber, the material is destroyed due to its compression between the rollers, and normal stresses occur in pieces of crushed material.

The closest known technical solutions to the claimed one is a crushing method in a single-roll crusher containing a housing in which a driving rotary roller is installed, as well as a fixed cheek, the upper part of which is suspended on an axis connected to the side walls of the housing, while the crushed material is fed into the gap between a rotating roll and a fixed cheek, and the destruction occurs due to the fact that pieces of crushed material undergo torsional deformation (see Klushantsev B.V., Kosarev A.I., Muizemnek Yu.A. Crushers, con structure, calculation, operation features .-- M .: Mashinostroenie, 1990, p.178, Fig.4.1), while tangential stresses appear in pieces of crushed material, the tensile strength of which is two times less than under normal stresses (see Belyaev N.M. Resistance of materials.- M .: Nauka, 1965, p. 181). Thus, the energy consumption per unit of finished product when crushing in a single-roll crusher is half as much as crushing in a twin-roll crusher.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the low degree of crushing (the ratio of the size of the crushed piece to the size of the gap between the roll and the fixed cheek) of the material in the crusher, since the degree of crushing depends on the radius of curvature of the roll, and the smaller it is, the less, all else being equal, the degree of crushing (see Attachment).

The objective of the invention is to create a method that allows to increase the degree of crushing.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the crushing method in a single-roll crusher containing a housing in which a driving rotary roller is installed, as well as a fixed jaw, the upper part of which is suspended on an axis connected to the side walls of the housing, while the crushed material is fed into the gap between a rotating roller and a fixed cheek, according to the invention, the surface of the rotating roller is made with ridges in the form of ridges, the tip directed towards the rotation of the roll, while the height of the ridge should be in the range of 7-10% ie the transverse dimension of a piece of breakable and the initial pitch angle of the inclined surface must be greater than the ridge angle of friction between the roll and the crushable material, but less than 45 °.

The difference of the proposed method from the known one is that the surface of the rotating roll is made with ridges in the form of ridges, the tip directed towards the rotation of the roll, while the height of the ridge should be within 7-10% of the transverse size of the piece being destroyed, and the initial angle of elevation is inclined the surface of the ridge should be greater than the angle of friction between the roll and crushed material, but less than 45 °.

The method is as follows. The drawing (figure 1) shows a diagram of the implementation of this method. A piece of crushed material is fed into the gap between the rotary drive roller 1 and the fixed cheek 2, drawn into it due to the action of the vertical component of the friction force between the roller and crushed material and is crushed. One of the main characteristics of the crusher is the degree of crushing, that is, the ratio of the size of the crushed piece to the size of the gap between the roll and the fixed cheek (see Machines and assemblies of metallurgical plants. T.1. / Ed. By A.I. Tselikov. M.: Metallurgy , 1987, p. 72), which depends on the radius of curvature of the roll, and the larger the radius of curvature of the roll, the greater the degree of crushing (see appendix).

For a smooth roll, the radius of curvature is constant, and even for a small increase in the degree of crushing, it is necessary to significantly increase the radius of the roll, which is not effective in this case, since it leads to an increase in dimensions, material consumption and energy consumption of the crusher, therefore, the surface of the roll should be made with ridges in the form of ridges 3, located parallel to the axis of the roll and the tip directed towards the rotation of the roll, while the surface of the ridge has the shape of, for example, an Archimedes spiral, in which the radius of curvature increases sharply (see Bronstein n I.N., Semendyaev K.A.Math reference book - M .: Nauka, 1986, p.128) in the direction opposite to the rotation of the roll.

The dimensions of the ridge are characterized by the following parameters: the height of the ridge h and the initial elevation angle of the ridge surface γ. Their values are defined as follows. The height of the ridge h should be equal to 0.07-0.1 the size of the crushed piece, since the crusher is designed to break brittle materials, in which the maximum relative deformation of the first global fracture of the piece is 0.07 (see Muzymennek Yu.A. crushers with a simple movement of the cheek // Izv. Vyssh. Mining Journal 1998. No. 5-6. P.87), and if the height of the ridge h is greater than 0.1 of the size of the crushed piece, then the destruction of the fragment formed after the first global destruction, leading to regrinding ready of the product. The initial angle of elevation of the ridge surface γ must be greater than the angle of friction between the crushed material and the material from which the ridge is made to prevent the piece from slipping over the ridge, but less than 45 °, since in this case the crushing process will be carried out by compressing the piece between the roller and a fixed cheek, while normal stress arises in a piece of crushed material, which leads to an increase in energy consumption per unit of finished product.

Thus, the use of the proposed method allows to increase the degree of crushing of the material in the roller crusher.

Application.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a single-roll crusher, which consists of a drive rotating smooth roll 1 with a radius R and a vertical stationary cheek 2, the gap between which is equal to b, and the angle of capture α is the angle between the tangent to the surface of the roll 1 at the point of contact with the crushed piece and a fixed cheek 2. B is the size of the crushed piece. The degree of crushing is equal to

Thus, an increase in the radius of curvature of the roll leads to an increase in the degree of crushing

Claims (1)

A crushing method in a roll crusher comprising a housing, a rotary drive roll and a fixed cheek, in which crushed material is fed into the gap between the rotary roller and the fixed cheek, characterized in that the surface of the rotating roll is made with ridges in the form of ridges parallel to the roll axis and the tip directed towards the rotation of the roll, while the height of the ridge should be within 0.07-0.1 of the size of the destroyed piece, and the initial angle of rise of the inclined surface of the ridge should be greater than the angle of friction waiting for a roll and crushed material, but less than 45 °.

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