RU2527838C1 - Method for locating and fixing centric jaw relation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to orthopaedic dentistry, and aims at locating and fixing the centric jaw relation. Special impression trays are used to contour a pattern in patients suffering from partial or complete adentia. Functional tests are conducted. A gothic arch is recorded. The centric jaw relation is located. The individual trays are fixed from an outer side with the use of an edgewise bracket. That is combined with removing the impression trays from the oral cavity with the edgewise bracket and modelled.

EFFECT: method enables locating accurately and fixing reliably the centric jaw relation, and using the device in any clinical situation by combining several clinical stages into a single method.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry, and is intended to determine and fix the central ratio of the jaws.

The relevance of determining and fixing the central ratio of the jaws lies in the need for rigid and stable fixation and the ability to accurately recreate a certain height both in the clinical stages and in the laboratory. (one)

At the moment, there are several ways to determine and fix the central ratio of the jaws.

A known method for determining the central ratio of the jaws, based on an objective account of the functional state of the masticatory muscles at different heights of the lower part of the face, which consists in determining the maximum bioelectric activity of the masticatory muscles by a system of capacitive sensors with the recording of readings on the pointer device of the measuring unit corresponding to the position as close as possible to the central occlusion . (2)

The disadvantages of the method: the impossibility of fixing the central ratio of the jaws, erroneous registration of anterior occlusion, and not the central ratio of the jaws.

There are methods for fixing the central ratio of the jaws using wax bases with bite ridges. The central ratio of the jaws is fixed by forming wax locks. To do this, on the upper roller in the region of the first premolars and molars on both sides, two notches are made with a sharp spatula, and a well-heated strip of wax is applied to the lower roller. When the jaws are closed, heated wax enters the incisions of the upper jaw. Creating locks, and a heated plate of wax is squeezed out from under the rollers. After wax hardens, the connected rollers are removed from the oral cavity. (3)

The disadvantages of the stage using bite wax rollers are the lack of an objective way to determine the central ratio of the jaws, the long manufacturing time, the inaccuracy of the results due to the possibility of displacement of the lower jaw at the time of fixing the central ratio of the jaws, and a significant probability of deformation of the wax rollers under the influence of the temperature of the oral cavity.

There is a method for determining the central ratio of the jaws using an intraoral functiograph, which consists in recording the movements of the lower jaw on a metal platform, mounted on the basis for the lower jaw, a writing pin and a cylinder, which is connected to the basis for the upper jaw. (four)

This method is adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the above method is the impossibility of reliable fixation of the central ratio of the jaws. This method of determining the central ratio of the jaws is associated with some technical difficulties and requires special skills from a doctor.

The purpose of creating a method for determining and fixing the central ratio of the jaws is to increase the accuracy of determination and reliability of fixing the central ratio of the jaws.

This goal is achieved through the use of individual spoons, on the sides of which are spherical adapters fixed in the frontal section along the midline of the face; the application of individual spoons in turn into the oral cavity and without a writing pin, which makes it possible to carry out functional tests; regulation of the length of the pin in the patient’s oral cavity, as well as the use of a fixing bracket, which is presented in the form of a central hinge with two shoulders extending from it with fixing screws for clamping individual spoons for spherical adapters.

Figure 1 presents a drawing of the proposed device, side view.

The device consists of a cylinder (1), a writing pin (2), a platform (3) and a fixing bracket (10). The writing pin (2) has an external thread, the cylinder (1) has an internal thread. The cylinder is connected to an individual spoon (4) for the upper jaw. Individual spoons (4) on the front sides in the frontal section have spherical adapters (6).

The fixing bracket (10) for fixing individual spoons (4) consists of two screws (7) for clamping individual spoons (4) for spherical adapters (6), two arms (8) extending from them, connected by a central hinge (9).

This method is as follows.

1. The doctor takes an impression from the upper and lower jaws with standard spoons of an alginate impression mass.

2. The dental technician models individual spoons (4):

a) On individual spoons for the upper and lower jaws (4), spherical adapters (6) made of plastic are installed on the front sides of the spoons.

b) A plastic cylinder (1) is mounted on an individual spoon for the upper jaw (4) at the intersection of two lines: the mid-sagittal and the line passing through the central fissures of the first molars of the upper jaw.

c) Place the pad (3) parallel to the occlusal plane on the individual spoon (4) for the lower jaw, when the plastic is still at the pasty stage, thereby creating an impression on the individual spoon.

3. Fitting individual spoons (4) in the oral cavity without a writing pin (2) and without a pad (3).

4. Obtaining prints, conducting functional tests.

5. Installing the writing pin (2) in the cylinder (1).

6. Placement of the platform (3) on an individual spoon for the lower jaw (4).

7. Determining the height of the lower part of the face by adjusting the immersion of the writing pin (2) in the cylinder (1).

8. Record of the Gothic angle.

9. Alignment of the pin (2) with the top of the Gothic corner.

10. Fastening individual spoons (4) at a given height with a fixing bracket (10).

11. Removing individual spoons (4) with retaining clip (10).

12. Gypsum in the articulator.

Patient M., 70 years old, complained of difficulty chewing food, rubbing with old prostheses, and a change in appearance. On examination, a decrease in the height of the lower face is determined; full removable laminar dentures were repaired repeatedly; dentures balance in the oral cavity. In the process of prosthetics, the proposed utility model was applied. Casts are taken using standard spoons and an alginate impression mass. A dental technician models individual spoons (4), sets a cylinder (1) on a spoon for the upper jaw, and makes a spherical adapter (6) on the front side in the frontal section along the midline of the face, and imprints the area on the spoon for the lower jaw (4) ( 3) and installs a spherical adapter (6) on the front side. Using individual spoons (4), impressions are taken and functional tests are performed. The writing pin (2) and cylinder (1), telescopically connected to each other, are installed at the required height, individually selected for the patient. Using the movements of the lower jaw, the Gothic angle is recorded and the point of the central ratio of the jaws is determined. Take the fixing bracket (10), screw (7) clamp the spherical adapters (6) of individual spoons (4). At the same time, individual spoons (4) and a fixing bracket (10) are removed from the oral cavity. The use of this utility model made it possible to accurately determine and reliably fix the central ratio of the jaws in the complete absence of teeth. Subsequently, high-quality full removable laminar dentures were made that accurately reflect the relief of the prosthetic bed.

Thus, the claimed method allows to clinically determine and recreate the individual characteristics of the central ratio of the jaws and securely fix it.

The proposed method can be used in municipal specialized medical institutions by practicing dentists, orthopedists and in private dental clinics and offices.

Information sources

1. Kopeikin V.N., Mirgazizov M.Z. "Orthopedic dentistry." - M., Medicine, 2001, 399 p.

2. Kostur B.K., Minyaeva V.A. and Lyubomirova N.K. "A method for determining the central ratio of the jaws, taking into account the function of the muscles of the maxillofacial region." - Dentistry. 1989. N 4, p. 53-55.

3. V.N. Kopeikin, M.Z. Mirgazizov. Orthopedic dentistry. - M., Medicine, 2001, 402 p.

4. Patent RU No. 2174828, A61C 19/04, 2001.

Claims (1)

The method of determining and fixing the central ratio of the jaws, including the removal of alginate impression mass of impressions from the upper and lower jaws with standard spoons, the manufacture of individual spoons, on the front sides of which spherical adapters are made of plastic; placement on an individual spoon for the upper jaw of a plastic cylinder; forming on the individual spoon for the lower jaw an impression of a platform parallel to the occlusal plane, fitting individual spoons in the oral cavity, obtaining impressions, conducting functional tests, installing a writing pin in the cylinder, setting the platform on an individual spoon for the lower jaw, determining the height of the lower face by adjusting immersion of the writing pin in the cylinder, recording the Gothic angle, combining the pin with the top of the Gothic angle, fixing individual spoons at a given fixed height uyuschey bracket provided in the form of a central pivot with radiating from it two arms with clamping screws for fixing the individual spoons for spherical adapters, extract individual spoons.

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