RU2522728C2 - Standalone power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to electric engineering and to power supply systems of standalone facilities using solar batteries as the primary energy sources and accumulator batteries as energy accumulators. The substance of technical solution involves use of solar battery with additional intermediate bus connected to circuit of second power input output of voltage stabiliser in order to reduce voltage pulse amplitude at reactor windings of voltage stabiliser with its switch element switched to voltage of intermediate solar battery bus, while two-winding reactor and second capacitor added to the voltage stabiliser form a magnetic link filter that adds functions of accumulation battery charge and discharge to the voltage stabiliser when equipped with additional diode and four switch elements.

EFFECT: reduced number of equipment units.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to power supply systems of autonomous objects using solar batteries as primary energy sources, and storage batteries as energy storage devices.

Known autonomous power supply system (SES), consisting of solar and storage batteries, voltage regulator, charger and discharge devices, the first input power terminals of the voltage stabilizer and charger connected to the potential bus of the solar battery, the first output power output of the charger and the first input power output the discharge device is connected to the potential battery bus, the first output power terminals of the voltage stabilizer and the discharge device are connected inenes with an output potential SES bus, the second input and output power terminals of a voltage stabilizer, charging and discharge devices, as well as the zero bus of the solar and storage batteries are connected to the zero output bus of the SES [1].

If there is energy in the solar battery, the voltage regulator transfers its energy to on-board consumers, and the charger powers the battery. In the absence of energy in the solar battery, on-board consumers are powered by the discharge device from the battery.

A disadvantage of the known SES is a large number of equipment, as well as a large amount of switching voltage at the inductor of the voltage regulator, which affects the overall dimensions of the system.

The closest analogue selected as a prototype is an SES consisting of a solar and a battery, a charger and a discharge device and a voltage regulator, the first input power terminals of a voltage stabilizer and a charger are connected to a potential bus of the solar battery, the first output power output of the charger, the first input power output of the discharge device and the second input power output of the voltage stabilizer are connected to the potential battery bus, the first Khodnev power terminal voltage and the discharge device stabilizer connected to the output of the potential bus SES, the second input and output power terminals charger bitwise device, the second output power voltage regulator output and zero tire solar and rechargeable batteries are connected to the zero output bus SES [2].

In the known SES, the connection of the second input power terminal of the voltage regulator with the potential bus of the battery reduces the switching voltage on the inductor of the voltage regulator by the voltage value of the battery.

A disadvantage of the known SES is a large amount of equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the amount of equipment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in an SES consisting of a solar and storage battery and a voltage regulator that contains a key element, a diode, a inductor winding and a capacitor, the first power output of the key element is connected to the first input power output of the voltage stabilizer, the first output of the diode is connected to the second input power output of the voltage stabilizer, the second power output of the key element and the second output of the diode are connected to the first output of the inductor winding, the second output of the inductor winding and the first output d capacitors are connected to the first output power output of the voltage stabilizer, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the second output power output of the voltage stabilizer, the first input power output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the potential bus of the solar battery, the first output power output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the output potential bus of the SES, zero solar and battery buses, the second output power output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the zero output bus of the SES, the solar The primary battery is made with an additional intermediate bus, which is connected to the second input power terminal of the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator is additionally introduced: the second inductor winding, the second capacitor and the second key element, the second output of the second capacitor is connected to the first output of the second inductor winding, the first output the second capacitor is connected to the first output of the first inductor winding, the second output of the second inductor winding is connected to the first power output of the second key element, the second the sludge terminal of the second key element is connected to the second output power terminal of the voltage regulator, in addition, the voltage regulator is additionally introduced: the third input power terminal, the third and fourth key elements, the first power terminals of the third and fourth key elements are connected to the third input power terminal of the voltage regulator , the second power terminal of the third key element is connected to the first terminal of the second inductor winding, the second power terminal of the fourth key element is connected to by the first output of the first inductor winding, in addition, the voltage regulator additionally includes: the fifth key element and the second diode, the first power output of the fifth key element is connected to the first input power output of the voltage regulator, the second power output of the fifth key element is connected to the first output of the second inductor winding , the first terminal of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the second winding of the inductor, the second terminal of the second diode is connected to the third input power terminal of the voltage regulator.

The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that the use of a solar battery with an additional intermediate bus included in the circuit of the second input power output of the voltage regulator reduces the amplitude of the voltage ripple on the windings of the voltage regulator inductor when switching its key element by the voltage of the intermediate bus of the solar battery, and the introduction in the voltage stabilizer of a two-winding inductor and the second capacitor implements a smoothing magnetically coupled filter [3], which with jointly with an additional diode and the four key elements it integrates the voltage regulator functions and additional charge of the storage battery.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed SES, it contains a solar battery 1, a battery 2, a voltage regulator 3 and on-board consumers 4. The solar battery 1 has zero, potential U _1СБ and intermediate U _2СБ tires. The voltage stabilizer 3 consists of five key elements 5, 10-13, two diodes 6 and 14, a two-winding inductor 7 with windings 7.1 and 7.2, two capacitors 8 and 9, the first power leads of the key elements 5 and 13 are connected to the first input power output of the stabilizer voltage 3, the first output of the diode 6 is connected to the second input power output of the voltage stabilizer 3, the first power outputs of the key elements 11, 12 and the second output of the diode 14 are connected to the third input power output of the voltage stabilizer 3, the second power output of the key elements 5 and 12, the second terminal of the diode 6, the first terminal of the capacitor 9 and the first terminal of the winding 7.1 of the inductor 7 are interconnected, the second power terminals of the key elements 11 and 13, the second terminal of the capacitor 9 and the first terminal of the winding 7.2 of the inductor 7 are interconnected, the second terminal of the winding 7.1 of the inductor 7, the first output of the capacitor 8 is connected to the first output power output of the voltage stabilizer 3, the second output of the winding 7.2 of the inductor 7, the first output of the diode 14 and the first power output of the key element 10 are interconnected, the second output of the key element 10 and the second water capacitor 8 connected to the second power output terminal of the voltage regulator 3. The first input power pin voltage regulator 3 is connected to a potential U bus _1SB solar battery 1, a second input power pin voltage regulator 3 is connected to intermediate bus U _2SB solar battery 1, the third input power output voltage regulator 3 is connected to the battery potential U _AB bus 2, the first output power terminal voltage regulator 3 is connected with the candidate tire bead require s 4, which is an output bus U _n SES zero tire solar battery 1, battery zero tire 2 and the second output power terminal voltage stabilizer 3 are connected to the bus board zero consumers 4 are zero output bus U ₀ SES.

Autonomous SES, consisting of (see drawing) a solar battery 1, a battery 2, a voltage stabilizer 3 and on-board consumers 4 with a voltage stabilizer 3 containing five key elements 5, 10-13, a choke 7 with windings 7.1 and 7.2, two diodes 6, 14 and two capacitors 8, 9, works as follows:

,If there is energy in the solar battery 1 and a charged battery 2, voltage stabilization on the potential output bus U _{n is} accomplished by switching the key element 5 with the key element 10 closed and the key elements 11-13 open. At the same time, during the switching period when the key element 5 is closed, the energy of the solar battery 1 from the potential bus U _SB1 enters the output bus U _n and accumulates in the inductor 7, increasing the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 in accordance with the expression $$\Delta \left(I_{L7.\mathrm{one}}+I_{L7.2}\right)=\frac{\left(U_{\mathrm{FROM}B\mathrm{one}}-U_n\right)t_s}{L}$$

,

where L is the inductance of the windings of the inductor 7, t _s is the duration of the closed state of the key element 5, (U _SB1 -U _n ) is the value of the voltage supplied to the windings of the inductor 7.

When the key element 5 is open, the energy of the solar battery is supplied to the output bus U _n , 1 from the intermediate bus U _СБ2 and accumulated in the inductor 7, reducing the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 in accordance with the expression

, $$\Delta \left(I_{L7.\mathrm{one}}+I_{L7.2}\right)=\frac{\left(U_{\mathrm{FROM}B2}-U_n\right)t_R}{L}$$

,

where t _p is the duration of the open _{state of the} key element 5, (U _SB2 -U _n ) is the value of the voltage supplied to the windings of the inductor 7.

In this mode, the connection of the second input power output of the voltage stabilizer 3 with the intermediate bus U _{SB2 of the} solar battery 1 reduces the switching voltage on the windings of the inductor 7 by the voltage value of the intermediate bus U _{SB2 of the} solar battery 1, which, in turn, reduces the amplitude of the variable component of the total current the windings of the inductor 7, while the winding current 7.1 of the inductor 7 is supplied to the output bus U _n SES.

In the absence of energy in the solar battery 1 and a charged battery 2, voltage stabilization on the potential output bus U _{n is} carried out by alternately switching the key elements 11 and 12 with the open key elements 5, 13 and the closed key element 10. At the same time, during the switching period when the key state is closed element 11 and the open state of the key element 12, the energy of the battery 2 from the potential bus U _AB accumulates in the inductor 7, increasing the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 in accordance with expression

, $$\Delta \left(I_{L7.\mathrm{one}}+I_{L7.2}\right)=\frac{U_{\mathrm{BUT}B}{t}_s}{L}$$

,

where t _s - the duration of the closed state of the key element 11, (U _AB ) - the value of the voltage supplied to the windings of the inductor 7.

When the key element 11 is open and the key element 12 is closed, the energy of the battery 2 from the potential bus U _AB and the energy stored in the inductor 7 are supplied to the output bus U _n , reducing the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 in accordance with the expression

, $$\Delta \left(I_{L7.\mathrm{one}}+I_{L7.2}\right)=\frac{\left(U_{\mathrm{BUT}B}-U_n\right)t_R}{L}$$

,

where t _p - the duration of the open state of the key element 11, (U _AB -U _n ) is the value of the voltage supplied to the windings of the inductor 7.

In this mode, the switching of the total current of windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 from the key element 11 to the key element 12 and vice versa occurs through the capacitor 9, and the winding 7.1 current of the inductor 7 is fed to the output bus U _n SES.

If there is energy in the solar battery 1 and a discharged battery 2, voltage stabilization on the potential output bus U _{n is} carried out by switching the key element 13 when the key elements 5, 10-12 are open. At the same time, during the switching period when the key element 13 is closed, the energy of the solar battery 1 from the potential bus U _{SB1 is} supplied to the potential bus U _{AB of the} battery (charges the battery) and accumulates in the inductor 7, increasing the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 in accordance with expression

, $$\Delta \left(I_{L7.\mathrm{one}}+I_{L7.2}\right)=\frac{\left(U_{\mathrm{FROM}B\mathrm{one}}-U_{\mathrm{BUT}B}\right)t_s}{L}$$

,

where t _s - the duration of the closed state of the key element 13, (U _SB1 -U _AB ) - the value of the voltage supplied to the windings of the inductor 7.

When the key element 13 is open, the energy of the solar battery 1 from the intermediate bus U _SB2 and the energy stored in the inductor 7 are supplied to the output bus U _n , reducing the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 in accordance with the expression

, $$\Delta \left(I_{L7.\mathrm{one}}+I_{L7.2}\right)=\frac{\left(U_{\mathrm{FROM}B2}-U_n\right)t_R}{L}$$

,

where t _p is the duration of the open state of the key element 13, (U _SB2 -U _n ) is the value of the voltage supplied to the windings of the inductor 7.

In this mode, the switching of the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7 from the key element 13 to the diode 6 and vice versa occurs through the capacitor 9, the winding 7.1 current of the inductor 7 is supplied to the output bus U _n SES, and the battery is charged by the winding current 7.2 of the inductor 7.

Thus, the use of a solar battery 1 in an SES with an additional intermediate bus included in the circuit of the second input power output of the voltage stabilizer 3 reduces the amplitude of the voltage ripple on the windings of the inductor 7 in the mode of stabilizing the output voltage of the SES from the solar battery 1, and the introduction of the voltage stabilizer 3 chokes 7 with two windings 7.1, 7.2 and a second capacitor 9 implements a smoothing magnetically coupled filter, which together with an additional diode 14 and four key elements 10-13 integrates additional functions of charge and discharge of the battery 2 into the voltage stabilizer 3, in addition, the winding current 7.1 of the inductor 7, the variable component of which is less than the variable component of the total current of the windings 7.1 and 7.2 of the inductor 7, is fed to the output bus U _n SES in all operating modes.

LITERATURE

1. Options for building extreme step-by-step regulators of solar power. / Yu.A. Shinyakov, K.G. Gordeev, S.P. Cherdantsev, P.V. Obrusnik // Transactions of VNIIEM. -M., 1997. V.97. Electromechanical devices of spacecraft. S.83-92.

2. RF patent No. 2402136, IPC ⁷ Н02J 7/00, Н02J 7/34, publ. 10/20/2010E, BIPM No. 29 (prototype).

3. Magnetically coupled smoothing filter for switching regulators and DC / DC converters. / A.G. Polikarpov et al. - ETvA, 1986, issue 17, p. 116-121.

Claims (3)

1. Autonomous power supply system (SES), consisting of a solar and storage batteries and a voltage stabilizer containing a key element, a diode, a choke with one winding and a capacitor, the first power output of the key element is connected to the first input power output of the voltage stabilizer, the first output of the diode is connected with the second input power terminal of the voltage regulator, the second power terminal of the key element and the second terminal of the diode are connected to the first terminal of the inductor winding, the second terminal of the inductor winding and the first the capacitor output is connected to the first output power output of the voltage stabilizer, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the second output power output of the voltage stabilizer, the first input power output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the potential bus of the solar battery, the first output power output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the output potential bus of the SES, zero bus solar and battery, the second output power output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the zero output bus SES, from characterized in that the solar battery is made with an additional intermediate bus, which is connected to the second input power terminal of the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator is additionally introduced: the second inductor winding, the second capacitor and the second key element, the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the second winding throttle, the first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the first winding of the inductor, the second terminal of the second winding of the inductor is connected to the first power terminal of the second chevogo element, the second power terminal of the second core element connected to the second power output terminal of the voltage regulator. 2. SES according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage regulator additionally includes: a third input power output, a third and fourth key elements, a first power output of a third and fourth key elements connected to a third input power output of a voltage stabilizer, a second power output of a third the key element is connected to the first terminal of the second inductor winding, the second power terminal of the fourth key element is connected to the first terminal of the first inductor winding. 3. SES according to claim 1, characterized in that the fifth key element and the second diode are additionally introduced into the voltage stabilizer, the first power terminal of the fifth key element is connected to the first input power terminal of the voltage stabilizer, the second power terminal of the fifth key element is connected to the first terminal of the second inductor winding, the first output of the second diode is connected to the second output of the second inductor winding, the second output of the second diode is connected to the third input power output of the voltage regulator.