RU2518582C2 - Method of taking plant sampling and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of technology of cyclic taking of plant samples from clamps, pits, trenches, haystacks, mows and other repositories in agriculture in determining quality indicators of feed and can also be used when taking samples of other non-free-flowing materials, such as peat, soil and snow. The method of taking plant samples is that during rotation of the device of taking the plant samples the auger retraction of the cutting crown into the feed monolith and the auger feeding of the cut-out feed in the storage unit are provided. At that the recording by the fluid content gage of the volume of the taken plant sample is provided, as well as its removal from the moving storage unit. The device of taking the plant samples comprises a shaft with a cylindrical part of the auger and a lower conical auger tip. In the area of the base of the tip the cutting crown is installed and secured with at least one pin, with mortices-hooks at the upper part, by which it docks with projections of the storage unit when turning its projections in the mortices-hooks of the crown in the opposite direction with respect to rotation in cutting the monolith of the feed. The storage unit has free rotation and movement along the shaft with the cylindrical part of the auger for releasing the crown from the hook and extracting the sample taken. In addition, the storage unit is equipped with a mechanical fluid content gage of the volume of the sample taken in the form of a plate resting on the cylindrical part of the auger, connected to the recording tube, sliding along the smooth part of the shaft with the cylindrical part of the auger.

EFFECT: monitoring the filling of the storage unit, which enables to provide the accuracy of determining the volume of the sample taken at a given depth.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of technology for the cyclic selection of plant samples from shoulders, pits, trenches, stacks and other storages in agriculture in determining the quality of feed and can be used in sampling of other difficult-flowing materials, such as peat, soil, snow and others.

Sampling is a time-consuming operation and requires the use of special equipment. Known methods [1-4] using various designs of samplers.

In the method [1] for sampling, the screw is rotated simultaneously in the first direction and the lower part of the outer pipe is rotated in the second direction, the first direction being opposite to the second. Rotation in opposite directions is carried out by two electric motors. The cut out part of the material is transported with the screw up.

The disadvantage of this method is the design complexity of the device for sampling and the inability to use for sampling from plant materials.

Closest to the invention are methods and devices for sampling plant materials described in [2-4], in which a cone-shaped tip is screwed in or out of the feed monolith, and the feed sample is cut out. Longitudinal holes in the hollow cylindrical part of the auger, which is the drive, are used for cutting and mechanical extraction of the sample.

The main disadvantages of these methods is the difficulty of cutting the feed and the difficulty of extracting the sample from the storage cylinder. In addition, at the time of cutting the feed monolith, it is loosened with a screw, which introduces a significant error in determining the volume of the sample taken and the level of the depth of the storage from which the sample was taken.

The objective of the invention is to provide a high speed cyclic sampling of plant samples and the accuracy of determining the volume and level of sampling along the depth of the feed monolith.

Obtaining such a technical solution can be achieved by screw retracting the cutting crown into the feed monolith and supplying the drive with a mechanical sample level gauge.

The method of sampling plant samples is carried out by simultaneously rotating the shaft with a cylindrical part of the screw, a cone-shaped screw tip, a crown and a drive. The rotation of the cone-shaped part of the auger provides mechanical pressing of the crown to the feed monolith and its effective forced cutting, and the cylindrical part of the shaft with the part of the auger located in the drive provides the cut feed to the drive volume, connected by means of the protrusions with the hooks of the cutting crown. Upon receipt of the cut feed into the drive, its volume is controlled by a mechanical level gauge in the form of a plate with a recording tube sliding along the smooth cylindrical part of the device shaft. The level gauge plate rests on the cylindrical part of the screw. Sample extraction is carried out by pulling the drive up after releasing the crown from the hooks and pulling the plant sampling device onto the surface of the feed monolith. A device for sampling plant samples with a level gauge makes it possible to extract samples of a constant size from a monolith of feed from any levels along the depth of the storage.

The proposed method is illustrated by drawings, which show a General view of the device for sampling plant samples (Fig.1, 2). Figure 1 shows the initial moment of sampling, and figure 2 shows the time of the final process of filling the drive with a sample of plant material. Figure 3 shows the method of connecting the cutting crown and the drive.

The plant sampling device (Fig. 1) comprises a shaft with a cylindrical part of the screw 1 and a lower cone-shaped screw tip 2, a cutting crown 3, fixed with at least one pin 4, a drive 5, which has free rotation and movement along the shaft with the cylindrical part of the screw for release from the hooks of the crown and extraction of the taken sample, equipped with a mechanical level gauge 6 and a recording tube 7.

To connect the cutting crown 3 and the drive 5 (Fig. 3), its protrusions 8 are inserted into the slot-hooks 9 of the crown and rotated therein until they are fully fixed by rotating the drive in the opposite direction with respect to rotation when cutting the feed monolith.

Plant sampling is carried out in the following sequence.

The plant sampling device (Fig. 1) is installed in the selected location of the feed storage and by rotating the shaft with the cylindrical part of the screw 1 and the lower cone-shaped screw tip 2 mechanically presses the cutting crown 3, rigidly fixed by at least one pin 4 on the base of the tip, to the feed monolith, provides deepening of a crown and its effective forced cutting. The cut part of the feed is captured by the cylindrical part of the screw 1, located in the drive 5, which has free rotation and movement along the shaft with the cylindrical part of the screw to release the crowns from the hooks and extract the sample taken, is fed to the drive until it is completely filled with cut feed, the volume of which is controlled by mechanical a level gauge in the form of a plate 6 connected to a recording tube 7, sliding along the smooth cylindrical part of the shaft 1. The drive 5 is connected before the sampling PAMI 8 (FIG. 3) to the cutting bit 9 hooked 3 rotating in the opposite direction with respect to the rotation in cutting feed monolith. At the initial moment of cutting the feed monolith, the level gauge with the plate 6 rests on the cylindrical part of the screw 1. The sampling is carried out by pulling the plant sampling device onto the surface of the feed monolith and pulling the drive 5 up after releasing it from the hooks 9 of the cutting crown 3.

Example

Sampling of agricultural products, in particular feed from plant material, is carried out by rotating the device at a selected location in the feed storage. The rotation of the cone-shaped part of the auger provides mechanical pressing of the crown to the feed monolith and its forced cutting, and the cylindrical part of the shaft with the part of the auger, located in the drive, provides the feed cut feed into the drive volume connected by protrusions with the hooks of the cutting crown. Upon receipt of the cut feed into the drive, its volume is controlled by a mechanical level gauge in the form of a plate with a recording tube sliding along the smooth cylindrical part of the device shaft. Sample extraction is carried out by pulling the drive up after releasing the crown from the hooks and pulling the plant sampling device onto the surface of the feed monolith. A device for sampling plant samples with a level gauge makes it possible to extract samples of a constant size from a monolith of feed from any levels along the depth of the storage.

Information sources:

1. A device for sampling materials with a rotating pipe assembly. RF patent No. 2429460.

2. Sampler. RF patent No. 2306543.

3. Sampler of plant materials. A.S. SU 1778605 A1, CL G01N 1/02.

4. Drill for sampling compacted and low-flowing materials. RF patent No. 2136882.

Claims (2)

1. The method of sampling plant samples, which consists in the fact that the rotation of the device for sampling plant provides screw retraction of the cutting crown in the monolith of feed, screw feed cut feed into the drive, characterized in that it provides a level gauge for recording the volume of the selected plant sample and removing it from the moving drive. 2. A plant sampling device comprising a shaft with a cylindrical part of the screw and a lower cone-shaped screw tip, characterized in that in the area of the base of the cone-shaped screw tip, a cutting crown is installed and secured with at least one pin with slots-hooks in the upper part that fits into the protrusions drive, the drive joins when it rotates the protrusions in the slots, hooks of the crown in the opposite direction with respect to rotation when cutting the feed monolith, has free rotation moving along the shaft with the cylindrical part of the screw to release the crowns from the hooks and extracting the taken sample, in addition, the drive is equipped with a mechanical level gauge of the volume of the taken sample in the form of a plate resting on the cylindrical part of the screw connected to the recording tube sliding along the smooth part of the shaft with the cylindrical part auger.

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