RU2511379C2 - Gas-fluid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to removal fluids and impurities from gas at gas-and-oil and petrochemical industry enterprises and at compressor stations of gas mains. Proposed separator comprises housing, gas inlet and outlet pipes, top and bottom grates with cyclone elements arranged there between, fluid gateless discharge assembly, impurities collector and protective sheet. The latter is shaped to truncated cone with axial bore. Vertex of cone with central bore is directed towards lower bottom. Protective sheet outer edge is rightly connected with separator inner wall. Inlet of fluid and impurity discharge pipe is located at the bottom lower point of separator axial zone.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of gas purification from liquids and impurities at gas, oil and petrochemical industries and can be used in gas and oil fields, as well as at compressor stations of gas mains.

A known separator (RF patent for the invention No. 2321442, IPC B01D 45/12, B04C 5/28, 06/23/2006), comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet pipes and drainage, upper and lower gratings, between which cyclone elements are mounted. Under the lower grate there is a plate with a passage in the axial zone, the edges of which are hermetically connected by a shell with the edges of the passage of the lower grate, and the cavity between the lower grate and the plate is connected to the outlet pipe of impurities. A gas pre-treatment device is installed at the gas inlet. A protective sheet is mounted above the impurity collector in the lower part of the apparatus, forming a cavity for additional gas purification.

In such a separator, the protective sheet prevents the secondary breakdown of the liquid from its surface in the liquid collector. The separated liquid is discharged from the separator through the drain pipe.

The disadvantage of this separator is the accumulation of impurities on the lower bottom, which leads to clogging of the drainage nozzle. Separated due to the action of centrifugal forces from the gas stream, the liquid and impurities are drained into the bottom part along the inner wall of the separator. The presence in the gas-liquid flow of a significant amount of impurities contributes to their accumulation on the lower bottom in the near-wall region of the still bottom part and subsequent clogging of the nozzle openings with control valves installed on them, the nozzle for draining the liquid and impurities. This prevents the separator from being released from impurities and removes the apparatus from efficient operation.

To restore work, an unscheduled shutdown of the separator, its revision and cleaning is required. This leads to a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of the separator.

Known gas-liquid separator (RF patent for utility model No. 87100, IPC B01D 45/12, 04/20/2009), comprising a housing with nozzles for the entrance of the gas-liquid mixture and the outlet of gas and liquid and a droplet collector. In the lower part of the casing, a kinetic energy absorber is installed, made in the form of a perforated cone with its apex facing the lower bottom, in addition, the lower part of the casing is equipped with a liquid level meter. The profile of the holes on the surface of the perforated cone is made with a flange facing the upper bottom, and in the form of truncated cones facing a large base to the upper bottom.

Guide vanes are installed at the base of the perforated cone.

Placing kinetic energy absorber in the lower part of the separator allows you to quench the kinetic energy of the liquid flowing down, transfer it to the film flow regime, intensifying the degassing process and the residence time of the liquid in the degassing zone, resulting in a smooth flow of liquid into the still bottom of the apparatus.

The implementation of the profile of the holes in the form of a flanging or in the form of a truncated cone allows you to portionwise select the fluid from the stream and smoothly divert it to the lower part of the apparatus, and supplying the perforated cone with guide vanes allows the flow to rotate, thereby organizing a smooth liquid inlet into the bottom part of the apparatus.

The disadvantage of a gas-liquid separator is that the liquid and solids separated by the action of centrifugal force from the gas stream drain into the bottom of the separator, passing through a conical kinetic energy damper that has perforation over the entire surface area. This design does not exclude the possibility of flow of the separated liquid and solids along the inner wall of the separator into the still part of the apparatus. This contributes to the clogging of the fittings with the measuring and control valves installed on them, as well as the drainage fitting with the accumulated solid separation products. Clogging instrumentation fittings and drainage nozzle leads to a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of the apparatus as a whole.

Thus, the aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the gas-liquid separator when cleaning from liquids and solids.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the gas-liquid separator containing the housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles, the upper and lower gratings, between which cyclone elements are mounted, a unit for non-trap fluid removal and the collection of mechanical impurities, a protective sheet is mounted above the mechanical impurities collector in the lower part of the apparatus. The protective sheet is made in the form of a truncated cone with an axial hole, the top of the cone, with a central hole, is directed toward the lower bottom. The outer edge of the protective sheet is tightly connected to the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator, and the inlet of the liquid and mechanical impurity outlet pipe is located at the bottom point of the bottom in the axial zone of the gas-liquid separator, which allows the liquid and mechanical impurities separated at the entrance to the separator to be removed and exclude the possibility clogging the fittings in the fluid and solids collector with control and control instrumentation installed on them.

Central hole of the truncated cone of the protective sheet:

0,2D _corolla ≤D ₀ ≤0,35D _ext where D _ext - inner diameter of the gas-liquid separator.

Central hole of the truncated cone of the protective sheet:

D ₀ ≥0,2D _corolla for unimpeded discharge of the separated gas and solids particles from the apparatus.

Central hole of the truncated cone of the protective sheet:

D ₀ ≤0,35D _corolla to avoid possible draining of solids on the inner wall of the fluid collection apparatus and mechanical impurities.

The applicant does not know gas-liquid separators, in which the increase in reliability and efficiency when cleaning gas from liquids and solids would be carried out using a similar design of the protective sheet, installed in a similar way.

Figure 1 shows a sketch of a gas-liquid separator,

Figure 2 is a section along A-A.

The gas-liquid separator includes a housing 1, gas inlet and outlet nozzles, upper 7 and lower 8 gratings, between which cyclone elements 6 are mounted. The upper grate 7 can be equipped with a manhole 9 for servicing the upper part of the apparatus. A plate 5 with an axial passage, the edges of which are hermetically connected to the shell 11 and to the passage edges in the lower grill 8, is mounted under the lower grating 8 with an angle of inclination towards the outlet pipe of impurities, and a cavity 10 (hopper for collecting mechanical impurities) is formed between the lower grating 8 and a plate 5 at the lower point is connected to the nozzle of the unit of non-trap drainage of liquid and mechanical impurities 4.

In the apparatus at the gas inlet pipe, a device 12 is mounted for preliminary purification of gas from liquids and solids.

Above the impurity collector, a protective sheet 2 is mounted in the form of a truncated cone, the base of which is attached to the inner surface of the separator housing, and the top with the central hole 3 is directed toward the bottom of the apparatus.

Gas-liquid separator operates as follows. Gas is introduced through the gas inlet into the separator housing 1, where it enters the gas pre-cleaner 12. The assembly 12 simultaneously organizes the rotational movement in the separator cavity 13 between the plate 5 and the protective sheet 2. In the cavity 13, additional gas purification takes place.

The pre-purified gas in a rotational motion enters the shell 11 and then into the space between the gratings 7 and 8, where it is distributed between the cyclone elements 6, on which the final gas purification takes place. The liquid and mechanical impurities extracted in the mini-cyclones 6 from the gas enter the cavity 10 between the lower grill 8 and the plate 5, from where they are discharged through the nozzle of the anti-trap fluid removal unit and mechanical impurities 4 to the node 12.

The impurities separated in the input device 12 enter the cavity 13, where they are transferred to the inner wall of the apparatus under the action of centrifugal force and then flow onto the protective sheet 2. Due to the construction of the protective sheet 2 in the form of a truncated cone, the impurities falling on it flow to the central hole 3, from where enter the axial zone of the impurity collector 14.

Thus, the installation of a truncated cone in a gas-liquid separator in the form of a truncated cone allows the liquid and mechanical impurities separated at the entrance to the separator to be removed from the separator wall, eliminating the possibility of clogging the fittings in the liquid and mechanical impurities collector with control and control equipment installed on them. And by the location of the inlet of the liquid and mechanical impurities outlet in the lower axial zone of the separator, a stable removal of impurities from the separator is ensured and their accumulation in the collector is excluded.

Claims (4)

1. A gas-liquid separator comprising a housing, gas inlet and outlet nozzles, upper and lower gratings, between which cyclone elements are mounted, a liquid-free drainage unit, a collection of mechanical impurities, a protective sheet, characterized in that the protective sheet is made in the form of a truncated cone with an axial hole, the top of the cone with the Central hole is directed toward the lower bottom, the outer edge of the protective sheet is tightly connected to the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator, and the inlet of the outlet pipe dkosti and mechanical impurities taken at the lowest point of the bottom of the separator in the axial zone. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the central hole of the truncated cone of the protective sheet is made with a diameter of D ₀ = 0.2 ÷ 0.35D _vn , where D _vn is the inner diameter of the separator. 3. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that D ₀ ≥0.2D _ext for the unhindered removal of particles and solids from the apparatus separated from the gas. 4. Separator according to claim 1, characterized in that D ₀ ≤0,35D _corolla to avoid possible draining of solids on the inner wall of the fluid collection apparatus and mechanical impurities.

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