RU2507324C1 - Two-layer reinforcing fabric for elastomeric coating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: two-layer reinforcing fabric for elastomeric coating is proposed, made with a two-layer double weaving of warp and weft yarns and formed by junction together of the layers by two weft yarns, transferring from layer to layer. In each complete weave rapport the connecting weft yarns are located in cooperating pairs, which being opposite to each other alternately from above downwards and from below upwards encircle the extreme warp yarns of the rapport of each background layer, grouping the warp yarns into bunches forming on both sides of the fabric the identical bulged embossed longitudinal stripes spaced from each other. The pitch of the longitudinal strips is determined by the equation: t=50Rw/Pw and their number per 10 cm of fabric width is equal to n=2Pw/Rw, where t is the pitch of the longitudinal strips, mm; n is the number of strips per 10 cm; Rw is complete fabric rapport on the warp, equal to 6 or 8; Pw is the number of warp yarns per 10 cm. The proposed two-layer reinforcing fabric is made on the shuttle, gripper shuttle looms or rapier weaving machines. For production of reinforcing fabric with higher rates of breaking load on the warp each warp yarn in 6 or 8-yarn weave rapport should be repeated 2 to 4 times. To increase the breaking load of the fabric on the weft to 60% of the breaking load of the warp yarns, between the background layers alternately with the connecting yarns two filling weft yarns are additionally located, each of which being laid between the layers, forms with the extreme warp yarns the virtual elements of the plain weave, located obliquely to the surface of the fabric in the form of the break catenary curve.

EFFECT: increase of reliability, durability.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the textile industry and can be used as a reinforcing traction strip of conveyor belts, flat drive belts, escalator handrails and other technical products with an elastomeric coating, mainly in the production of single and double strip conveyor belts.

The main technical requirements for a new generation of reinforcing fabrics for elastomeric coating are:

- low (not more than 4.5%) strain elongations in the area of workloads, ensuring a reduction to a minimum (no more than 3) of the number of inevitable processes of refueling conveyor belts during their operation and subsequent stretching;

- high (not less than 4.2 kg / cm) bond strength of the fabric surface with the elastomeric material, eliminating the delamination of the reinforcing cage gaskets;

- a sufficient breaking load in the weft (at least 30% of the breaking load of the warp threads for reinforcing three or more cushioning conveyor belts and at least 60% of the breaking load of the warp threads for reinforcing one or two cushioning conveyor belts), providing a high-quality and reliable connection the ends of the conveyor belt, excluding the extension of the mechanical butt joints.

State of the art

Known two-component polyester-cotton technical fabrics BKNL-65, BKNL-100, BKNL-150, designed for reinforcing multi-lay rubber conveyor belts, flat drive belts and escalator handrails. These fabrics are made plain weave. As a warp and weft, they used combined two-component twisted yarns containing 30-58% polyester complex yarns and 42-70% cotton yarn, which leads to a high adhesion of their surface to rubber, equal to 4.7-4.9 kg / cm [ GOST 19700-91].

Fabrics of the BKNL series basically correspond to their intended purpose according to the main indicators, however, they have insufficient weft strength, comprising 41-48% of the strength on the basis, which makes them inapplicable for reinforcing one or two laying conveyor belts, which, in order to ensure high-quality and reliable joining of the ends of the tape, excluding the extension of the mechanical butt joints, the breaking load of the threads in the weft should be at least 60% of the strength of the base.

Also known is a two-layer reinforcing frame of a conveyor belt containing two parallel webs of the same weave, connected together by a system of additional leno main threads [British Patent No. 1559380, class. MKI D03D 3/04, 15/00, publ. January 16, 1980].

The disadvantage of this two-layer frame is the high bending stiffness due to the presence of dressings warp threads, giving the fabric increased longitudinal stiffness. In addition, the presence in it of two differently interlocking systems of the main threads (background, bearing the load, and leno threads, not bearing the load) does not provide the maximum strength of the tape on the basis and makes the irrational use of raw materials.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a woven frame of a conveyor belt based on fabrics TLK-300, TLK-400, TLK-500, TLK-600, made by a half-layer double-faced weaving of the main and weft threads. The fabrics are formed by joining all the weft threads of two identical layers parallel to one another, having an interweaving of half-repaired main. The ratio of the breaking load in the weft and the breaking load in the base is 25-50%. The maximum adhesion of the surface of the fabric to the elastomeric coating is 4.2 kgf / cm [RF Patent No. 2182609 in class. D03D 15/00, 1/00, B65G 15/34, B60C 9/11, publ. May 20, 2002].

Fabrics of the TLK series, possessing a number of positive properties, are widely used as a reinforcing cage of three- and four-laying conveyor belts of a new generation, intended for transportation of rock mass, instead of previously used single-layer plain-weave fabrics TK-100, TK-200, TK-300 . However, they cannot be used for reinforcing one- and two-laying conveyor belts due to insufficient weat strength of 25-50%, if necessary not less than 60%.

Disclosure of invention

An object of the invention is the creation of a new generation of reinforcing fabrics for elastomeric coating, having all the requirements for them: high (not less than 4.5 kg / cm) bond strength of the fabric surface with elastomeric material, minimal (not more than 4.5%) strain elongations in the zone of workloads, a high breaking load on the weft, comprising from 30 to 60% of the breaking load of the warp threads.

The task is achieved in that the fabric under the elastomeric coating is made of a two-layer two-face weave of the main and weft threads and is formed by connecting two identical layers parallel to one another, connected by two rapport weft threads, passing from layer to layer. In each complete weave repeat, the weft connecting threads are arranged in interacting pairs, which, being in antiphase to each other, alternately from top to bottom and bottom to bend around the end warp threads of the rapport of each background layer, grouping the warp threads into bundles that form spaced apart on both sides of the fabric other identical convex embossed longitudinal stripes. The pitch of the longitudinal stripes is determined by the equation:

t = 50Ro / Po,

and their number per 10 cm of width according to the equation:

n = 2po / Ro,

where t is the pitch of the longitudinal strips, mm;

n is the number of stripes per 10 cm;

Ro - full rapport of fabric on the basis, equal to 6 or 8;

On - the number of warp threads per 10 cm.

To obtain a reinforcing fabric with higher breaking load on the base, each warp thread in a 6- or 8-thread repeat weave should be repeated 2 to 4 times.

To increase the tensile load of the weft fabric up to 60% of the tensile load of the warp threads between the background layers of the connected background fabrics, two filling weft threads are additionally arranged alternately with the connecting threads, each of which, being laid between the layers, forms virtual elements with the outer warp threads plain weave, obliquely located to the surface of the fabric, in the form of a broken chain line.

These distinguishing features are significant:

- the design of the reinforcing fabric, in which the connecting weft threads group the warp threads into bundles with the formation of convex longitudinal strips, gives the fabric additional adhesive properties by increasing the contact area of the elastomer with its surface;

- the use in the design of reinforcing fabric of long main floors, with a length of 3 to 7 weft threads, provides it with a reduction in the value of the main threads, which ultimately leads to a decrease in elongation on the basis in the mode of workloads;

- the introduction into the design of the reinforcing fabric of an additional two filling weft threads located between the layers, allows to increase the density of the fabric in the weft and without technological overvoltage, without reducing the density on the basis, to increase the density in the weft, and to achieve an increase in the breaking load of the weft to 60% of the breaking warp strand loads.

Figures 1 and 2 show drawings of complete rapports of two types of weave of the proposed reinforcing fabric, with combined patterns of arrangement of warp and weft threads in sections along the weft threads.

Figures 3 and 4 show drawings of complete rapports of the same weaves of the proposed reinforcing fabric, additionally containing two filling weft threads and the arrangement of warp and weft threads in sections along the weft threads combined with them.

In Fig.1 ... 4, the connecting threads of the weft are highlighted with thickened lines, and the filling threads are shown in straight lines, while all the weft threads are numbered in the order of their rotation in the corresponding patterns of patterns of weaving and are numbered in the order of their rotation in the corresponding patterns of patterns of weaving and are conventionally marked with letters with indices ₁ ... ₈ .

The proposed two-layer reinforcing fabric is made on shuttle, micro-shuttle or rapier weaving looms.

Industrial applicability

To confirm the technical result of the invention, experimental samples of two-layer fabrics of the proposed design were made.

Prototypes of two-layer reinforcing fabrics for elastomeric coating, corresponding to the claims, with a positive result were tested at JSC "Yaroslavrezinotekhnika" in the manufacture of 2 and 3 cushion conveyor belts. According to the test results, two-layer reinforcing fabrics for elastomeric coating are recommended for industrial use. Specified fabrics were compiled, agreed and approved on the specified fabrics.

The main technical characteristics of analog fabrics and prototype fabrics are summarized in Tables 1, 2, 3.

A comparative analysis of the data in Tables 1, 2, 3 shows that, according to the main indicators of properties, the claimed tissue structures fully comply with modern requirements for similar fabrics of the new generation, and in terms of adhesion to elastomeric materials, elongation in the range of workloads, and especially in breaking strength in weft, they exceed indicators similar properties of analog fabrics and prototype fabrics.

Table 1 Name of parameters Analog fabrics (according to GOST 19700-91) Fabrics-prototypes (according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2182609) BKNL- BKNL- BKNL- TLK- TLK- TLK- 65 one hundred 150 300 400 500 Surface density, g / m ² 530 ± 30 710 ± 40 930 ± 50 1000 ± 50 1200 ± 60 1300 ± 70 The number of threads per 10 cm based 96 ± 2 100 ± 2 96 ± 2 100 ± 2 120 ± 2 134 ± 2 by duck 40 ± 2 44 ± 2 36 ± 2 65 ± 2 56 ± 2 56 ± 2 Breaking load of a strip of fabric measuring 50 × 200 mm, kgf, not less based 325 580 800 1500 2000 2500 by duck 140 280 330 500 650 650 The ratio of the breaking load in the weft to the breaking load in the base,% 43 48 41 33.3 32,5 26.0 Elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50 × 200 mm,%, no more based 26 thirty 32 26 27 28 by duck fifteen 16 twenty 24 24 24 Elongation of a strip of fabric 50 × 200 mm in size on the basis at a load equal to 10% of the bursting,%, not more 8 9 9 4.0 5,0 4.0 polyester thread (lavsan) polyester thread (lavsan) Raw material composition and nominal (resulting)
linear thread density the basics 111 1222 333 675 675 675 tex tex tex tex tex tex + cotton yarn 252 200 250 tex tex tex duck polyester thread (lavsan) polyamide thread (kapron) 111 1222 333 374 468 468 tex tex tex tex tex tex + cotton yarn 252 200 250 tex tex tex Linear shrinkage of the fabric in a dry state at a temperature of 150 ° C and an exposure of 30 minutes,%, no more based 17 12 6 12 7 6 by duck 13 10 3 10 3 3 The ratio of fillings on the basis and duck,% 2,4 2.27 2.67 2.42 2,32 2.59 Type of weave linen 1.5 ply Adhesion of fabric surface to rubber, kgf / cm, not less 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.3 4.2 4.4 Abbreviated tissue designations BKNL - belting from combined threads with lavsan; TLK - lavsan-kapron fabric; 65, 100, 150, 300, 400, 500 - breaking load on the basis in kgf per 1 cm of fabric width.

table 2 The name of the paramere The inventive two-layer combination fabrics BKNL-2 BKNL-2 BKNL-2 BKNL-2 BKNL-2 BKNL-2 - - - - - - 130/40 130/80 200/60 200/120 300/90 300/180 Surface density, g / m ² 600 ± 30 730 ± 35 920 ± 40 1120 ± 30 1370 ± 70 1680 ± 80 Number of threads based 96 ± 2 100 ± 2 96 ± 2 100 ± 2 120 ± 2 134 ± 2 10 cm by duck 40 ± 2 44 ± 2 36 ± 2 65 ± 2 56 ± 2 56 ± 2 Breaking load of a strip of fabric measuring 50 × 200 mm, kgf, not less based 650 650 1000 1000 1500 1500 by duck 200 400 300 600 450 900 The ratio of the breaking load in the weft to the breaking load in the base,%, not less thirty 60 thirty 60 thirty 60 Elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50 × 200 mm,%, no more based 26 25 28 26 29th 27 by duck fifteen 16 16 eighteen 17 19 Elongation of a strip of fabric 50 × 200 mm in size on the basis at a load equal to 10% of the bursting,%, not more 8 7 9 8 9 8 polyester thread (lavsan) Raw material composition and nominal (resulting) linear density of threads the basics 220 220 330 330 440 440 tex tex tex tex tex tex + cotton yarn 168 168 252 252 252 252 tex tex tex tex tex tex duck polyester thread (lavsan) 220 220 330 330 440 440 tex tex tex tex tex tex + cotton yarn 168 168 252 252 252 252 tex tex tex tex tex tex Linear shrinkage of the fabric in a dry state at a temperature of 150 ° C and an exposure of 30 minutes,%, no more based 12 eleven 12 eleven 12 eleven by duck 10 eleven 10 eleven 10 eleven The ratio of fillings on the basis and duck,% 2,4 2.27 2.67 1,58 2.14 2,39 Type of weave 2 ply 2 ply 2 ply Adhesion of the fabric surface to rubber, kgf / cm 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.9 5,0 5.1 Abbreviated tissue designations BKNL - 2 - two-layer belting from combined threads with lavsan; 130/40, 130/80, 200/60, 200/120, 300/90, 300/180 - the nominal breaking load on the basis / weft in kgf per 1 cm of fabric width.

Table 3 Name of parameters The inventive two-layer fabric of their synthetic yarns, brands TLK-2 TLK-2 TLK-2 TLK-2 TLK-2 TLK-2 - - - - - - 300/90 300/180 400/120 400/240 500/150 500/300 Surface density, g / m ² 790 ± 40 970 ± 45 1050 ± 50 1280 ± 60 1300 ± 65 1600 ± 80 The number of threads per 10 cm based 84 ± 2 84 ± 2 112 ± 2 112 ± 2 140 ± 2 140 ± 2 by duck 45 ± 2 90 ± 2 56 ± 2 92 ± 2 58 ± 2 115 ± 2 Breaking load of a strip of fabric measuring 50 × 200 mm, kgf, not less based 1500 1500 2000 2000 2500 2500 by duck 500 900 650 1200 650 1500 The ratio of the breaking load in the weft to the breaking load in the base,%, not less 33 60 thirty 60 thirty 60.0 Elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50 × 200 mm,%, no more based 26 25 27 26 28 26 by duck 24 25 44 25 24 25 Elongation of a strip of fabric 50 × 200 mm in size on the basis at a load equal to 10% of the bursting,%, not more 4.0 3.9 4.2 4.0 4,5 4.3 Raw material composition and nominal (resulting) linear density of threads the basics
duck Polyester thread (Dacron) low-shrink adhesive 675 675 675 675 1675 675 tex tex tex tex tex tex Polyamide thread (kapron) 374 374 374 468 468 468 tex tex tex tex tex tex Linear shrinkage of the fabric in a dry state at a temperature of 150 ° C and an exposure of 30 minutes,%, no more based 6.4 6.0 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.0 by duck 8.0 8.2 8.0 8.4 8.0 8.2 The ratio of fillings on the basis and duck,% 2.42 1.13 2.42 1.32 2.61 1.32 Type of weave 2 ply 2 ply 2 ply Adhesion of fabric surface to rubber, kgf / cm, not less 4,5 4.6 4,5 4.8 4.7 4.8 Abbreviated tissue designations TLK-2 - two-layer lavsan-kapron fabric; 300/90, 300/180, 400/120, 400/240, 500/150, 500/300 - breaking load on the basis / weft in kgf per 1 cm of fabric width.

Claims (2)

1. A two-layer reinforcing fabric under an elastomeric coating, made by a two-layer two-face weave of the main and weft threads, formed by connecting two identical layers of fabric parallel to each other, connected by two background weft rapport threads, passing from layer to layer, characterized in that in each In full weave repeat, the weft connecting threads are arranged in interacting pairs, which, being in antiphase to each other, alternately bend around the warp threads of the rapport of each background layer, grouping the warp threads into bundles that form identical convex relief longitudinal strips on both sides of the fabric, while the pitch of the longitudinal strips is determined by the equation t = 50Ro / Po, and their number per 10 cm of the width of the fabric is n = 2Po / Ro, where t is the pitch of the longitudinal strips, mm; n is the number of stripes per 10 cm; Ro - full fabric rapport based; On - the number of warp threads per 10 cm. 2. The reinforcing fabric under the elastomeric coating according to claim 1, characterized in that between the background layers in an alternating order with the connecting threads there are additionally two filling weft threads, each of which, being laid between the layers, forms virtual weave elements with the outer warp threads , inclined to the surface of the fabric, in the form of a broken chain line.

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