RU2507160C1 - Reagent for purification of hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions - Google Patents
Reagent for purification of hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions Download PDFInfo
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- RU2507160C1 RU2507160C1 RU2012123568/05A RU2012123568A RU2507160C1 RU 2507160 C1 RU2507160 C1 RU 2507160C1 RU 2012123568/05 A RU2012123568/05 A RU 2012123568/05A RU 2012123568 A RU2012123568 A RU 2012123568A RU 2507160 C1 RU2507160 C1 RU 2507160C1
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- iron
- reagent
- hydrochloric acid
- copper ions
- purification
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102200110702 rs60261494 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Изобретение относится к реагентам для очистки солянокислых растворов от ионов меди и может быть использовано в очистке сточных вод металлургических предприятий.The invention relates to reagents for the purification of hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions and can be used in wastewater treatment of metallurgical enterprises.
Известен реагент для очистки солянокислых растворов от ионов меди [А.с. СССР 1435660, C23G 1/36], представляющий собой железный скрап. Недостатком данного реагента является то, что он применим только для грубой, предварительной очистки концентрированных по ионам меди растворов [Милованов Л.В. Очистка и использование сточных вод предприятий цветной металлургии. - М.: Металлургия, 1971. С.118-119].Known reagent for the purification of hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions [A.S. USSR 1435660, C23G 1/36], which is an iron scrap. The disadvantage of this reagent is that it is applicable only for coarse, preliminary purification of concentrated solutions of copper ions [Milovanov L.V. Treatment and use of wastewater from non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises. - M .: Metallurgy, 1971. S.118-119].
За прототип выбран реагент для очистки солянокислых растворов от ионов меди, представляющий собой железные стружки [Бабенко С.А., Пинигин С.А., Тасоев Р.И. Исследование процесса цементации меди железными стружками //Изв. Томск. политехн. ин-та. 1976. Т.275. С.92-95]. Недостатком этого реагента является то, что он применим только для очистки концентрированных по ионам меди растворов (60 г/дм3), не дает глубокой очистки (остаточное содержание ионов меди 0,096-2,85 г/дм3), не обеспечивает быстрой очистки (30-120 мин), причем процесс очистки сопровождается выделением водорода.For the prototype, a reagent was selected for cleaning hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions, which is iron shavings [Babenko S.A., Pinigin S.A., Tasoev R.I. Investigation of the process of cementation of copper by iron shavings // Izv. Tomsk Polytechnic in-that. 1976.V.275. S.92-95]. The disadvantage of this reagent is that it is applicable only for the purification of solutions concentrated by copper ions (60 g / dm 3 ), does not provide deep purification (residual content of copper ions of 0.096-2.85 g / dm 3 ), does not provide quick cleaning ( 30-120 min), and the cleaning process is accompanied by the evolution of hydrogen.
Невозможность глубокой очистки солянокислых растворов от ионов меди цементацией определяется тем, что практически все ионы меди (1) связаны в хлоридные комплексы различного состава, зависящего от концентрации хлорид ионов.The impossibility of deep purification of hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions by cementation is determined by the fact that almost all copper ions (1) are bound into chloride complexes of various compositions, depending on the concentration of chloride ions.
Задачей изобретения является разработка реагента на основе порошка железа для очистки солянокислых растворов от ионов меди, который применим для разбавленных по ионам меди растворов, позволяющий быстро и экологически безопасно достичь низкое остаточное содержание ионов меди в растворе.The objective of the invention is to develop a reagent based on iron powder for the purification of hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions, which is applicable for diluted solutions of copper ions, allowing you to quickly and environmentally friendly to achieve a low residual content of copper ions in the solution.
В качестве решения указанной задачи предложен реагент для очистки солянокислых растворов от ионов меди, обеспечивающий быструю, экологически безопасную и глубокую очистку, представляющий собой механически активированную смесь порошков железа и серы при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%:As a solution to this problem, a reagent for cleaning hydrochloric acid solutions from copper ions is proposed, which provides quick, environmentally friendly and deep cleaning, which is a mechanically activated mixture of iron and sulfur powders in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Для возможности повторного использования реагента без снижения эффективности очистки в качестве порошка железа берут порошок карбонильного железа.In order to be able to reuse the reagent without reducing the cleaning efficiency, carbonyl iron powder is taken as iron powder.
На фиг.1 показаны изображения исходного порошка железа и механически активированной смеси порошков железа и серы.Figure 1 shows images of the starting iron powder and a mechanically activated mixture of iron and sulfur powders.
Исходный порошок железа, по данным растровой электронной микроскопии (РЭМ), представлял шарообразные конгломераты различной пространственной структуры (фиг.1,а).The initial iron powder, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), represented spherical conglomerates of various spatial structures (Fig. 1, a).
Согласно данным рентгенофазового анализа (РФА), степень окисленности порошков железа может достигать 50%. При механической обработке (истирании) окисленного порошка железа в присутствии серы происходит его активация за счет протекания твердофазного процесса, связанного с образованием на поверхности железа пленок, содержащих серу (фиг.1,б). Как видно из фиг.1,б, после истирания механически активированная смесь порошков представляют более мелкодисперсную систему, и имеет более развитую поверхность. Элементный состав поверхностного слоя после активации при соотношении компонентов (мас.%): Fe - 99,0; S - 1,0 составляет (ат.%): Fe - 60,21; O - 33,32; S - 6,47.According to x-ray phase analysis (XRD), the degree of oxidation of iron powders can reach 50%. During the mechanical processing (abrasion) of the oxidized iron powder in the presence of sulfur, it is activated due to the solid-state process associated with the formation of sulfur-containing films on the iron surface (Fig. 1, b). As can be seen from figure 1, b, after abrasion, the mechanically activated mixture of powders represent a finer dispersed system, and has a more developed surface. The elemental composition of the surface layer after activation at a ratio of components (wt.%): Fe - 99.0; S - 1.0 is (at.%): Fe - 60.21; O - 33.32; S - 6.47.
Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что в качестве реагента берут механически активированную (перетертую) смесь порошков железа и серы при указанном выше соотношении компонентов.The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a mechanically activated (milled) mixture of powders of iron and sulfur is taken as a reagent at the above ratio of components.
Пример 1. Реагент состава (мас.%): Fe карбонильное - 99,0; S - 1,0 был апробирован для очистки солянокислого раствора (23°C) от ионов меди, содержащего (г/дм3): НСlобщ - 9,0; Feобщ - 2,8; Fe2+ - 0.11; Fe3+ - 2,69; Cu2+ - 0,067. Остаточное содержание ионов меди: после первичного использования реагента при длительности обработки раствора <0,001 г/дм3, после повторного использования реагента <0,001 г/дм3; газовыделения не наблюдали.Example 1. The reagent composition (wt.%): Fe carbonyl - 99.0; S - 1,0 was tested for the purification of a hydrochloric acid solution (23 ° C) from copper ions containing (g / dm 3 ): Hcl total - 9.0; Fe total - 2.8; Fe 2+ - 0.11; Fe 3+ - 2.69; Cu 2+ - 0.067. The residual content of copper ions: after the initial use of the reagent when the processing time of the solution is <0.001 g / dm 3 , after reuse of the reagent <0.001 g / dm 3 ; no gas evolution was observed.
Контроль остаточного содержания ионов меди в солянокислом растворе проводили методом атомно-абсорбционной спектроскопии (с пределом чувствительности не ниже 0,001 г/дм3) с электротермической атомизацией проб раствора на приборе ПЕРКИН-ЭЛМЕР (модель РЕ-4100) с графитовой печью типа HGA-500 в качестве атомизатора.The residual content of copper ions in the hydrochloric acid solution was monitored by atomic absorption spectroscopy (with a sensitivity limit of at least 0.001 g / dm 3 ) with electrothermal atomization of solution samples on a PERKIN-ELMER device (model PE-4100) with a graphite furnace of type HGA-500 in as an atomizer.
Последующие примеры выполняли аналогично примеру 1, изменяя составы растворов и состав реагента. Результаты приведены в таблице.The following examples were carried out analogously to example 1, changing the composition of the solutions and the composition of the reagent. The results are shown in the table.
S-1,0*Fe-99.0
S-1,0 *
S-0,5Fe-99.5
S-0.5
S-5,0*Fe-95.0
S-5.0 *
S-1,0Fe-99.0
S-1,0
S-0,5*Fe-99.5
S-0.5 *
S-5,0Fe-95.0
S-5.0
S-1,0Fe-99.0
S-1,0
В слабокислых средах процесс удаления ионов меди протекает по твердофазному механизму и не сопровождается образованием сероводорода и выделением водорода. На фиг.2 представлено РЭМ изображение активированной смеси порошков железа и серы после извлечения меди из солянокислого раствора, состав которого отвечает примеру 1.In weakly acidic media, the removal of copper ions proceeds according to the solid-phase mechanism and is not accompanied by the formation of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen evolution. Figure 2 presents a SEM image of an activated mixture of powders of iron and sulfur after extraction of copper from a hydrochloric acid solution, the composition of which corresponds to example 1.
Элементный состав поверхностного слоя реагента после его первичного использования при соотношении компонентов (мас.%): Fe - 99,0; S - 1,0 составляет (ат.%): Fe - 74,02; 0-12,58; S - 5,85; Cu - 7,55. Согласно данным РФА поверхностный слой состоит (мас.%): Fe3O4 - 44,44; Cu2S - 19,85; Cu - 0; α-Fe - остальное.The elemental composition of the surface layer of the reagent after its primary use with a ratio of components (wt.%): Fe - 99.0; S - 1.0 is (at.%): Fe - 74.02; 0-12.58; S 5.85; Cu - 7.55. According to the XRD data, the surface layer consists (wt.%): Fe 3 O 4 - 44.44; Cu 2 S - 19.85; Cu is 0; α-Fe - the rest.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2850464C2 (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2025-11-11 | Акционерное общество "Кольская горно-металлургическая компания" | Method of deep purification of chloride nickel-cobalt solutions from copper |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU579745A1 (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1978-06-15 | Иркутский политехнический институт | Method of extracting non-ferrous metal |
| SU949019A1 (en) * | 1980-01-08 | 1982-08-07 | Предприятие П/Я М-5322 | Process for recovering pickling liquor for copper based on ferric chloride |
| RU1798383C (en) * | 1990-11-01 | 1993-02-28 | Харьковский государственный университет им.А.М.Горького | Method of regeneration of spent etching solution containing ferrous and ferric chloride and copper |
| US7351343B2 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-04-01 | Chiu-Hsiung Chang | Copper metal recovery system |
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- 2012-06-06 RU RU2012123568/05A patent/RU2507160C1/en active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU579745A1 (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1978-06-15 | Иркутский политехнический институт | Method of extracting non-ferrous metal |
| SU949019A1 (en) * | 1980-01-08 | 1982-08-07 | Предприятие П/Я М-5322 | Process for recovering pickling liquor for copper based on ferric chloride |
| RU1798383C (en) * | 1990-11-01 | 1993-02-28 | Харьковский государственный университет им.А.М.Горького | Method of regeneration of spent etching solution containing ferrous and ferric chloride and copper |
| US7351343B2 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-04-01 | Chiu-Hsiung Chang | Copper metal recovery system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| БАБЕНКО С.А. и др. Исследование процесса цементации меди железными стружками // Известия Томского политехнического института. - 1976, т.275, с.92-95. * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2850464C2 (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2025-11-11 | Акционерное общество "Кольская горно-металлургическая компания" | Method of deep purification of chloride nickel-cobalt solutions from copper |
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